OpenVMSOperatingSystem.st
changeset 3505 7f920b07faf6
child 3511 ec09a15de9df
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/OpenVMSOperatingSystem.st	Thu Jun 04 13:00:57 1998 +0200
@@ -0,0 +1,9946 @@
+"
+ COPYRIGHT (c) 1988 by Claus Gittinger
+	      All Rights Reserved
+
+ This software is furnished under a license and may be used
+ only in accordance with the terms of that license and with the
+ inclusion of the above copyright notice.   This software may not
+ be provided or otherwise made available to, or used by, any
+ other person.  No title to or ownership of the software is
+ hereby transferred.
+"
+
+AbstractOperatingSystem subclass:#OpenVMSOperatingSystem
+	instanceVariableNames:''
+	classVariableNames:'HostName DomainName SlowFork CurrentDirectory'
+	poolDictionaries:''
+	category:'OS-Unix'
+!
+
+Object subclass:#FileStatusInfo
+	instanceVariableNames:'type mode uid gid size id accessed modified statusChanged path
+		alternativeName recordFormatNumeric recordFormat recordAttributes
+		fixedHeaderSize recordSize'
+	classVariableNames:''
+	poolDictionaries:''
+	privateIn:OpenVMSOperatingSystem
+!
+
+Object subclass:#OSProcessStatus
+	instanceVariableNames:'pid status code core'
+	classVariableNames:''
+	poolDictionaries:''
+	privateIn:OpenVMSOperatingSystem
+!
+
+!OpenVMSOperatingSystem primitiveDefinitions!
+%{
+
+#define UNIX_LIKE       /* assumption: a real operatingSystem */
+
+#if defined(MSWINDOWS) || defined(OS2) || defined(MSDOS) || defined(WIN32)
+# ifndef MSDOS_LIKE
+#  define MSDOS_LIKE
+# endif
+# undef UNIX_LIKE       /* oops - we were too optimistic - no OS */
+# ifdef i386
+#  ifndef _X86_
+#   define _X86_
+#  endif
+# endif
+#endif /* any MS-non-OS */
+
+#if defined(transputer)
+# undef MSDOS_LIKE
+# undef UNIX_LIKE       /* oops - we were too optimistic - no OS */
+#endif
+
+#if defined(_AIX)
+# ifndef WANT_REALPATH
+#  define WANT_REALPATH
+# endif
+# ifndef WANT_SYSTEM
+#  define WANT_SYSTEM
+# endif
+#endif
+
+#ifdef LINUX
+  /* use inline string macros */
+# define __STRINGDEFS__
+# include <linuxIntern.h>
+
+# ifndef WANT_SYSTEM
+#  define WANT_SYSTEM
+# endif
+# define WANT_SHM
+#endif
+
+#ifdef IRIX5
+# define WANT_SYSTEM
+#endif
+
+#ifdef ultrix
+# define WANT_SYSTEM
+#endif
+
+#ifdef hpux
+# define WANT_SYSTEM
+#endif
+
+#ifdef solaris
+# define WANT_SYSTEM
+#endif
+
+#if defined(SYSV4) && defined(i386) /* e.g. unixware */
+# define WANT_SYSTEM
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __VMS__
+# undef __new
+# undef HAS_WAITPID
+# undef HAS_WAIT3
+# undef WANT_REALPATH
+# undef HAS_USLEEP
+# define NO_WAITPID
+# define NO_SETITIMER
+# define NO_GRP_H
+# define HAS_REMOVE
+
+# ifdef __openVMS__
+#  ifndef _UNISTD_H_INCLUDED_
+#   include <unistd.h>
+#   define _UNISTD_H_INCLUDED_
+#  endif
+# endif
+
+  /*
+   * req'd for additional fileInfo
+   */
+# include <rms.h> /* */
+# include <fabdef.h>
+
+  /*
+   * req'd for subprocess support
+   */
+# include <iodef.h>
+# include <ssdef.h>
+# include <syidef.h>
+# include <clidef.h>
+# include <stsdef.h>
+# include <dvidef.h>
+# include <nam.h>
+# include <descrip.h>
+# include <lib$routines.h>
+# include <starlet.h>
+
+# define xxxUSE_SLOW_ALARM
+# define USE_AST_TIMER
+
+/* VMS variable length string */
+struct Vstring {
+  short length;
+  char body[NAM$C_MAXRSS+1];
+};
+
+/* VMS typeahead-ask struct */
+
+struct typahdask {
+    short typcnt;       /* chars in buffer */
+    char firstChar;     /* first character */
+    char reserve1;      /* secret */
+    long reserve2;      /* secret */
+};
+
+/* VMS I/O status block */
+struct IOSB {
+  short status, count;
+  long devinfo;
+};
+
+/* VMS Item List 3 structure */
+struct itm$list3 {
+  short buflen;
+  short itemcode;
+  void *buffer;
+  size_t *retlen;
+};
+
+/* ST/X maintained per-process information */
+
+struct procInfo {
+    long  returnStatus; 
+    long  pid;
+    char  eventFlag;
+    char  finished;
+    struct procInfo *nextProc;
+};
+
+/*
+ * move this to alphaIntern.h ...
+ */
+# if __VMS_VER < 70000000
+#  define NO_PWD
+# endif
+# define NO_PWD_PASSWD
+# define NO_PWD_GECOS
+
+#endif /* __VMS__ */
+
+/*
+ * notice: although many systems' include files
+ * already block against multiple inclusion, some
+ * do not. Therefore, this is done here again.
+ * (it does not hurt)
+ */ 
+
+#ifdef WANT_REALPATH
+
+# ifndef NO_SYS_PARAM_H
+#  include <sys/param.h>
+#  define _SYS_PARAM_H_INCLUDED_
+# endif
+
+# include <errno.h>
+# define _ERRNO_H_INCLUDED_
+
+# include <sys/stat.h>
+# define _SYS_STAT_H_INCLUDED_
+
+#endif /* WANT_REALPATH */
+
+
+#ifdef WANT_SHM
+extern int shmctl(), shmget(), shmdt();
+extern char * shmat();
+
+# include <sys/types.h>
+# define _SYS_TYPES_H_INCLUDED_
+
+# include <sys/ipc.h>
+# define _SYS_IPC_H_INCLUDED_
+
+# include <sys/shm.h>
+# define _SYS_SHM_H_INCLUDED_
+
+#endif /* WANT_SHM */
+
+#ifdef IRIX5
+# include <sys/syssgi.h>
+#endif
+
+
+#ifdef transputer
+
+# define unlink(f)      ((remove(f) == 0) ? 0 : -1)
+
+#else /* not transputer */
+
+# ifndef _SIGNAL_H_INCLUDED_
+#  include <signal.h>
+#  define _SIGNAL_H_INCLUDED_
+# endif
+
+# ifdef SYSV
+#  ifndef _SYS_TYPES_H_INCLUDED_
+#   include <sys/types.h>
+#   define _SYS_TYPES_H_INCLUDED_
+#  endif
+
+#  ifndef _SYS_PARAM_H_INCLUDED_
+#   ifndef NO_SYS_PARAM_H
+#    include <sys/param.h>
+#    define _SYS_PARAM_H_INCLUDED_
+#   endif
+#  endif
+
+#  ifndef _SYS_TIMES_H_INCLUDED_
+#   include <sys/times.h>
+#   define _SYS_TIMES_H_INCLUDED_
+#  endif
+
+#  ifndef _SYS_FILE_H_INCLUDED_
+#   include <sys/file.h>
+#   define _SYS_FILE_H_INCLUDED_
+#  endif
+
+#  if ! defined(sco3_2)
+#   ifndef _UNISTD_H_INCLUDED_
+#    include <unistd.h>
+#    define _UNISTD_H_INCLUDED_
+#   endif
+#  endif
+
+#  if defined(isc3_2) || defined(sco3_2)
+#   ifndef _SYS_TIME_H_INCLUDED_
+#    include <sys/time.h>
+#    define _SYS_TIME_H_INCLUDED_
+#   endif
+#  endif
+
+#  if !defined(isc3_2)
+#   if defined(PCS) && defined(mips)
+#    include "/usr/include/bsd/sys/time.h"
+#    include "/usr/include/sys/time.h"
+#   else
+#    ifndef _TIME_H_INCLUDED_
+#     include <time.h>
+#     define _TIME_H_INCLUDED_
+#    endif
+#   endif
+#  endif
+
+#  if defined(isc3_2)
+#   include <sys/bsdtypes.h>
+#  endif
+
+# else /* not SYSV */
+
+#  ifdef MSDOS_LIKE
+
+#   ifndef _SYS_TYPES_H_INCLUDED_
+#    include <sys/types.h>
+#    define _SYS_TYPES_H_INCLUDED_
+#   endif
+
+#   ifndef _TIME_H_INCLUDED_
+#    include <time.h>
+#    define _TIME_H_INCLUDED_
+#   endif
+
+#   ifndef _SYS_TIMEB_H_INCLUDED_
+#    include <sys/timeb.h>
+#    define _SYS_TIMEB_H_INCLUDED_
+#   endif
+
+#  else /* not MSDOS_like */
+
+#   ifndef _SYS_TIME_H_INCLUDED_
+#    include <sys/time.h>
+#    define _SYS_TIME_H_INCLUDED_
+#   endif
+
+#   ifndef _SYS_TYPES_H_INCLUDED_
+#    include <sys/types.h>
+#    define _SYS_TYPES_H_INCLUDED_
+#   endif
+
+#  endif /* not MSDOS */
+# endif /* not SYSV */
+
+
+# ifdef aix
+
+#  ifndef _TIME_H_INCLUDED_
+#   include <time.h>
+#   define _TIME_H_INCLUDED_
+#  endif
+#  ifndef _SYS_SELECT_H_INCLUDED_
+#   include <sys/select.h>
+#   define _SYS_SELECT_H_INCLUDED_
+#  endif
+
+# endif /* aix */
+
+
+# ifndef MSDOS_LIKE
+
+#  ifndef _PWD_H_INCLUDED_
+#   include <pwd.h>
+#   define _PWD_H_INCLUDED_
+#  endif
+
+#  ifndef NO_GRP_H
+#   ifndef _GRP_H_INCLUDED_
+#    include <grp.h>
+#    define _GRP_H_INCLUDED_
+#   endif
+#  endif
+
+# endif /* not MSDOS */
+
+# ifndef _SYS_STAT_H_INCLUDED_
+#  include <sys/stat.h>
+#  define _SYS_STAT_H_INCLUDED_
+# endif
+
+# ifndef _SYS_FILE_H_INCLUDED_
+#  ifndef WIN32
+#   include <sys/file.h>
+#  endif
+#  define _SYS_FILE_H_INCLUDED_
+# endif
+
+# ifndef _ERRNO_H_INCLUDED_
+#  include <errno.h>
+#  define _ERRNO_H_INCLUDED_
+# endif
+
+# ifndef _STDIO_H_INCLUDED_
+#  include <stdio.h>
+#  define _STDIO_H_INCLUDED_
+# endif
+
+# ifndef _FCNTL_H_INCLUDED_
+#  include <fcntl.h>
+#  define _FCNTL_H_INCLUDED_
+# endif
+
+# ifndef _IOCTL_H_INCLUDED_
+#  ifndef WIN32
+#   include <sys/ioctl.h>
+#   define _IOCTL_H_INCLUDED_
+#  endif
+# endif
+
+# ifdef WIN32
+/*#  define PROCESSDEBUGWIN32*/
+#  define xxUSE_TimerProc
+
+#  undef INT
+#  undef Array
+#  undef Number
+#  undef Method
+#  undef Point
+#  undef Rectangle
+#  undef Block
+#  undef String
+#  undef Message
+#  undef Object
+#  undef Context
+
+/* #  include <windows.h> /* */
+#  include <stdarg.h> /* */
+#  include <windef.h> /* */
+#  include <winbase.h> /* */
+#  include <wingdi.h> /* */
+#  include <winuser.h> /* */
+#  include <winsock.h> /* */
+
+#  ifdef __DEF_Array
+#   define Array __DEF_Array
+#  endif
+#  ifdef __DEF_Number
+#   define Number __DEF_Number
+#  endif
+#  ifdef __DEF_Method
+#   define Method __DEF_Method
+#  endif
+#  ifdef __DEF_Point
+#   define Point __DEF_Point
+#  endif
+#  ifdef __DEF_Block
+#   define Block __DEF_Block
+#  endif
+#  ifdef __DEF_String
+#   define String __DEF_String
+#  endif
+#  ifdef __DEF_Message
+#   define Message __DEF_Message
+#  endif
+#  ifdef __DEF_Object
+#   define Object __DEF_Object
+#  endif
+#  ifdef __DEF_Context
+#   define Context __DEF_Context
+#  endif
+
+#  define INT int
+
+#  define stat _stat
+#  define WIN32_ERR(x)  ((x) | 0x01000000)      /* tag GetLastError codes */
+						/* as opposed to Posix errors */
+
+typedef int (*intf)(int);
+BOOL __signalUserInterruptWIN32(DWORD sig);
+# endif /* WIN32 */
+
+
+# if defined(LINUX)
+#  define HAS_LOCALECONV
+# endif
+
+# if defined (HAS_LOCALECONV)
+#  ifndef _LOCALE_H_INCLUDED_
+#   include <locale.h>
+#   define _LOCALE_H_INCLUDED_
+#  endif
+# endif
+
+/* 
+ * posix systems should define these ... 
+ * but on some (older) systems, they are not.
+ */
+# ifndef S_IXUSR
+#  ifdef S_IEXEC
+#   define S_IXUSR S_IEXEC
+#   define S_IXGRP (S_IEXEC>>3)
+#   define S_IXOTH (S_IEXEC>>6)
+#  endif
+# endif
+
+# ifndef S_IXUSR
+#  define S_IXUSR 0100
+#  define S_IXGRP 0010
+#  define S_IXOTH 0001
+# endif
+
+# ifndef S_IRUSR
+#  define S_IRUSR 0400
+#  define S_IRGRP 0040
+#  define S_IROTH 0004
+# endif
+
+# ifndef S_IWUSR
+#  define S_IWUSR 0200
+#  define S_IWGRP 0020
+#  define S_IWOTH 0002
+# endif
+
+# ifndef MAXPATHLEN
+#  ifndef MSDOS_LIKE
+#   ifndef NO_SYS_PARAM_H
+#    include <sys/param.h>
+#   endif
+#  endif
+#  ifndef MAXPATHLEN
+#   ifdef FILENAME_MAX  /* i.e. MSDOS_LIKE */
+#    define MAXPATHLEN FILENAME_MAX
+#   else
+#    ifdef MAX_PATH
+#     define MAXPATHLEN MAX_PATH
+#    else
+#     define MAXPATHLEN 1024
+#    endif
+#   endif
+#  endif
+# endif
+
+# if defined(HAS_UNAME)
+#  include <sys/utsname.h>
+# endif
+
+# if defined(SYSV4)
+#  include <stropts.h>
+# endif
+
+/*
+ * NeXT has no pid_t
+ * and no sigemptyset
+ */
+# ifdef NEXT3
+   typedef int pid_t;
+#  define sigemptyset(set)      ((*(set) = 0L), 0)
+#  define HAS_GETDOMAINNAME
+#  define NO_WAITPID
+# endif
+
+# ifdef sunos
+#  undef NO_WAITPID
+#  undef HAS_WAITPID
+#  define HAS_WAIT3
+#  define HAS_SIGACTION
+# endif
+
+# ifdef _AIX
+#  undef HAS_WAIT3
+# endif
+
+/*
+ * some (BSD ?) have no timezone global,
+ * but provide the info in struct timezone.
+ */
+# if defined(ultrix) || defined(sunos) || defined(NEXT)
+#  define HAS_NO_TIMEZONE
+# endif
+
+/*
+ * sigaction dummies (you won't believe these call themself ``POSIX'' systems ...)
+ */
+# ifndef SA_RESTART
+#  define SA_RESTART    0
+# endif
+# ifndef SA_SIGINFO
+#  define SA_SIGINFO    0
+# endif
+
+# if defined(HAS_WAITPID) || defined(HAS_WAIT3)
+#  include <sys/wait.h>
+# endif
+
+# if defined(HAS_SYSINFO)
+#  include <sys/systeminfo.h>
+# endif
+
+#endif /* not transputer */
+
+/*
+ * on some systems errno is a macro ... check for it here
+ */
+#ifndef errno
+ extern errno;
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * some (old ?) systems do not define this ...
+ */
+#if !defined(R_OK) && !defined(_AIX)
+# define R_OK    4       /* Test for Read permission */ 
+# define W_OK    2       /* Test for Write permission */
+# define X_OK    1       /* Test for eXecute permission */
+# define F_OK    0       /* Test for existence of File */
+#endif
+
+#ifdef WIN32
+# define SIGHANDLER_ARG int
+#else
+# define SIGHANDLER_ARG
+#endif
+
+#ifdef sunos
+# define NO_WAITPID
+#endif
+#ifdef NEXT
+# define NO_WAITPID
+#endif
+
+#ifdef MSDOS_LIKE
+#define _HANDLEVal(o)        (HANDLE)(__externalAddressVal(o))
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * not all systems have time_t and off_t
+ * explicit add of those we know to have ...
+ */
+#ifdef __osf__
+# define TIME_T time_t
+# define OFF_T  off_t
+#endif
+
+#ifndef TIME_T
+# define TIME_T long
+#endif
+#ifndef OFF_T
+# define OFF_T  long
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * where is the timezone info ?
+ */
+#if defined(HAS_NO_TIMEZONE)
+# if defined(HAS_NO_TM_GMTOFF)
+#  define TIMEZONE(tmPtr)       0
+# else
+#  define TIMEZONE(tmPtr)       ((tmPtr)->tm_gmtoff)
+# endif
+#else
+# ifdef MSDOS_LIKE
+#   define TIMEZONE(tmPtr)      0
+# else
+#  define TIMEZONE(tmPtr)       timezone
+# endif
+#endif
+
+%}
+! !
+
+!OpenVMSOperatingSystem primitiveVariables!
+%{
+
+#ifdef __VMS__
+static struct procInfo *procInfoHead = (struct procInfo *)0;
+static struct procInfo *procInfoFree = (struct procInfo *)0;
+static unsigned char procEventFlag = 1;
+#endif
+
+%}
+! !
+
+!OpenVMSOperatingSystem primitiveFunctions!
+%{
+
+/*
+ * some systems' system() is broken in that it does not correctly 
+ * handle EINTR and returns failure even though it actually succeeded. 
+ * (LINUX is one of them)
+ * Here is a fixed version. If you encounter EINTR returns from
+ * OpenVMSOperatingSystem>>executeCommand, you ought to define WANT_SYSTEM
+ * in the xxxIntern.h file to get this fixed version.
+ *
+ * As an added BONUS, this system() enables interrupts while waiting
+ * for the child which enables other threads to continue.
+ * (i.e. it is RT safe)
+ */
+
+#if defined(WANT_SYSTEM)
+
+/* # define DPRINTF(x)     printf x */
+# define DPRINTF(x)     /* nothing */
+
+# ifndef _STDDEF_H_INCLUDED_
+#  include <stddef.h>
+#  define _STDDEF_H_INCLUDED_
+# endif
+
+# ifndef _STDLIB_H_INCLUDED_
+#  include <stdlib.h>
+#  define _STDLIB_H_INCLUDED_
+# endif
+
+# ifndef _UNISTD_H_INCLUDED_
+#  include <unistd.h>
+#  define _UNISTD_H_INCLUDED_
+# endif
+
+# ifndef _SYS_WAIT_H_INCLUDED
+#  include <sys/wait.h>
+#  define _SYS_WAIT_H_INCLUDED
+# endif
+
+# ifndef _SIGNAL_H_INCLUDED_
+#  include <signal.h>
+#  define _SIGNAL_H_INCLUDED_
+# endif
+
+# ifndef _SYS_TYPES_H_INCLUDED_
+#  include <sys/types.h>
+#  define _SYS_TYPES_H_INCLUDED_
+# endif
+
+# if (!defined(HAVE_GNU_LD) && !defined (__ELF__)) || !defined(LINUX)
+#  define       __environ       environ
+#  if !defined(LINUX)
+#   define      __sigemptyset   sigemptyset
+#   define      __sigaction     sigaction
+#   define      __sigaddset     sigaddset
+#   define      __sigprocmask   sigprocmask
+#   define      __execve        execve
+#   define      __wait          wait
+#   define      __waitpid       waitpid
+#   if defined(HAS_VFORK)
+#    define     FORK            vfork
+#   else
+#    define     FORK            fork
+#   endif
+#  endif /* ! LINUX */
+   extern char **environ;
+# endif
+
+# define        SHELL_PATH      "/bin/sh"       /* Path of the shell.  */
+# define        SHELL_NAME      "sh"            /* Name to give it.  */
+
+# ifndef        FORK
+#  define       FORK    __fork
+# endif
+
+# ifndef CONST
+#  ifdef __GNUC__
+#   define CONST const
+#  else
+#   define CONST /* nothing */
+#  endif
+# endif
+
+static int
+mySystem(line)
+    register CONST char *line;
+{
+    int status, save;
+    pid_t pid;
+    struct sigaction sa, intr, quit;
+    sigset_t block, omask;
+
+    if (line == NULL)
+	return -1;
+
+    sa.sa_handler = SIG_IGN;
+    sa.sa_flags = 0;
+    __sigemptyset (&sa.sa_mask);
+
+    if (__sigaction (SIGINT, &sa, &intr) < 0) {
+	DPRINTF(("1: errno=%d\n", errno));
+	return -1;
+    }
+    if (__sigaction (SIGQUIT, &sa, &quit) < 0) {
+	save = errno;
+	(void) __sigaction (SIGINT, &intr, (struct sigaction *) NULL);
+	errno = save;
+	DPRINTF(("2: errno=%d\n", errno));
+	return -1;
+    }
+
+    __sigemptyset (&block);
+    __sigaddset (&block, SIGCHLD);
+    save = errno;
+    if (__sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, &block, &omask) < 0) {
+	if (errno == ENOSYS)
+	    errno = save;
+	else {
+	    save = errno;
+	    (void) __sigaction(SIGINT, &intr, (struct sigaction *) NULL);
+	    (void) __sigaction (SIGQUIT, &quit, (struct sigaction *) NULL);
+	    errno = save;
+	    DPRINTF(("3: errno=%d\n", errno));
+	    return -1;
+	}
+    }
+
+    pid = FORK ();
+    if (pid == (pid_t) 0) {
+	/* Child side.  */
+	CONST char *new_argv[4];
+	new_argv[0] = SHELL_NAME;
+	new_argv[1] = "-c";
+	new_argv[2] = line;
+	new_argv[3] = NULL;
+
+	/* Restore the signals.  */
+	(void) __sigaction (SIGINT, &intr, (struct sigaction *) NULL);
+	(void) __sigaction (SIGQUIT, &quit, (struct sigaction *) NULL);
+	(void) __sigprocmask (SIG_SETMASK, &omask, (sigset_t *) NULL);
+
+	/* Exec the shell.  */
+	(void) __execve (SHELL_PATH, (char *CONST *) new_argv, __environ);
+	_exit (127);
+    } else {
+	if (pid < (pid_t) 0) {
+	    /* The fork failed.  */
+	    DPRINTF(("4: errno=%d\n", errno));
+	    status = -1;
+	} else {
+	    /* Parent side.  */
+#ifdef  NO_WAITPID
+	    pid_t child;
+
+	    do {
+		__BEGIN_INTERRUPTABLE__
+		child = __wait (&status);
+		__END_INTERRUPTABLE__
+		if (child < 0 && errno != EINTR) {
+		    DPRINTF(("5: errno=%d\n", errno));
+		    status = -1;
+		    break;
+		}
+	    } while (child != pid);
+#else
+	    pid_t child;
+
+	    /* claus: the original did not care for EINTR here ... */
+	    do {
+		__BEGIN_INTERRUPTABLE__
+		child = __waitpid (pid, &status, 0);
+		__END_INTERRUPTABLE__
+	    } while ((child != pid) && (errno == EINTR));
+	    if (child != pid) {
+		DPRINTF(("6: errno=%d\n", errno));
+		status = -1;
+	    }
+#endif /* NO_WAITPID */
+	}
+    }
+    save = errno;
+    if ((__sigaction (SIGINT, &intr, (struct sigaction *) NULL)
+     | __sigaction (SIGQUIT, &quit, (struct sigaction *) NULL)
+     | __sigprocmask (SIG_SETMASK, &omask, (sigset_t *) NULL)) != 0) {
+	if (errno == ENOSYS) {
+	    errno = save;
+	} else {
+	    status = -1;
+	    DPRINTF(("7: errno=%d\n", errno));
+	}
+    }
+
+    return status;
+}
+#else
+# define __wait wait
+#endif /* WANT_SYSTEM */
+
+
+/*
+ * some systems do not have realpath();
+ * the alternative of reading from a 'pwp'-pipe
+ * is way too slow. Here is a realpath for the rest of us.
+ * define WANT_REALPATH in the xxxIntern-file to get it.
+ */
+
+#if defined(HAS_REALPATH)
+# undef WANT_REALPATH
+#endif
+#if !defined(HAS_GETWD) && !defined(HAS_GETCWD)
+# undef WANT_REALPATH
+#endif
+
+#if defined(WANT_REALPATH)
+
+# ifndef NULL
+#  define NULL (char *)0
+# endif
+
+# define MAX_READLINKS 32
+
+# ifndef MAXPATHLEN
+#  define MAXPATHLEN     1024
+# endif
+
+static
+char *realpath(path, resolved_path)
+char *path;
+char resolved_path [];
+{
+	char copy_path[MAXPATHLEN];
+	char link_path[MAXPATHLEN];
+	char *new_path = resolved_path;
+	char *max_path;
+	int readlinks = 0;
+	int n;
+
+	/* Make a copy of the source path since we may need to modify it. */
+	strcpy(copy_path, path);
+	path = copy_path;
+	max_path = copy_path + MAXPATHLEN - 2;
+	/* If it's a relative pathname use getwd for starters. */
+	if (*path != '/') {
+#ifdef HAS_GETCWD
+		new_path = getcwd(new_path, MAXPATHLEN - 1);
+#else
+		new_path = getwd(new_path);
+#endif
+		if (new_path == NULL) 
+		    return(NULL);
+
+		new_path += strlen(new_path);
+		if (new_path[-1] != '/')
+			*new_path++ = '/';
+	}
+	else {
+		*new_path++ = '/';
+		path++;
+	}
+	/* Expand each slash-separated pathname component. */
+	while (*path != '\0') {
+		/* Ignore stray "/". */
+		if (*path == '/') {
+			path++;
+			continue;
+		}
+		if (*path == '.') {
+			/* Ignore ".". */
+			if (path[1] == '\0' || path[1] == '/') {
+				path++;
+				continue;
+			}
+			if (path[1] == '.') {
+				if (path[2] == '\0' || path[2] == '/') {
+					path += 2;
+					/* Ignore ".." at root. */
+					if (new_path == resolved_path + 1)
+						continue;
+					/* Handle ".." by backing up. */
+					while ((--new_path)[-1] != '/')
+						;
+					continue;
+				}
+			}
+		}
+		/* Safely copy the next pathname component. */
+		while (*path != '\0' && *path != '/') {
+			if (path > max_path) {
+				errno = ENAMETOOLONG;
+				return NULL;
+			}
+			*new_path++ = *path++;
+		}
+#ifdef S_IFLNK
+		/* Protect against infinite loops. */
+		if (readlinks++ > MAX_READLINKS) {
+			errno = ELOOP;
+			return NULL;
+		}
+		/* See if latest pathname component is a symlink. */
+		*new_path = '\0';
+		n = readlink(resolved_path, link_path, MAXPATHLEN - 1);
+		if (n < 0) {
+			/* EINVAL means the file exists but isn't a symlink. */
+			if (errno != EINVAL)
+				return NULL;
+		}
+		else {
+			/* Note: readlink doesn't add the null byte. */
+			link_path[n] = '\0';
+			if (*link_path == '/')
+				/* Start over for an absolute symlink. */
+				new_path = resolved_path;
+			else
+				/* Otherwise back up over this component. */
+				while (*(--new_path) != '/')
+					;
+			/* Safe sex check. */
+			if (strlen(path) + n >= MAXPATHLEN) {
+				errno = ENAMETOOLONG;
+				return NULL;
+			}
+			/* Insert symlink contents into path. */
+			strcat(link_path, path);
+			strcpy(copy_path, link_path);
+			path = copy_path;
+		}
+#endif /* S_IFLNK */
+		*new_path++ = '/';
+	}
+	/* Delete trailing slash but don't whomp a lone slash. */
+	if (new_path != resolved_path + 1 && new_path[-1] == '/')
+		new_path--;
+	/* Make sure it's null terminated. */
+	*new_path = '\0';
+	return resolved_path;
+}
+# define HAS_REALPATH
+#endif /* WANT_REALPATH && not HAS_REALPATH */
+
+#ifdef __VMS__
+
+/* #define TRACE_STAT_CALLS /* */
+/* #define TRACE_ACCESS_CALLS /* */
+
+/*
+ * a stat which retries with appended '.DIR' in case of
+ * failure.
+ * This allows to stat a directory.
+ */
+int
+__vms_stat__(path, buffP)
+    char *path;
+    struct stat *buffP;
+{
+	int ret;
+	int retry = 0;
+	char t[MAXPATHLEN+1+5+2];
+
+# ifdef TRACE_STAT_CALLS
+	printf("===> stat('%s')\n", path);
+# endif
+	do {
+	    ret = stat(path, buffP);
+	} while ((ret < 0) && (errno == EINTR));
+
+	if (ret < 0) {
+	    /*
+	     * try with appended ';0';
+	     * but only, if it has no version
+	     */
+	    if (strchr(path, ';') == NULL) {
+		strncpy(t, path, MAXPATHLEN);
+		t[MAXPATHLEN] = '\0';
+		strcat(t, ";0");
+# ifdef TRACE_STAT_CALLS
+		printf("===> stat('%s') - retry\n", t);
+# endif
+		do {
+		    ret = stat(t, buffP);
+		} while ((ret < 0) && (errno == EINTR));
+		if (ret >= 0) 
+		    return ret;
+	    }
+
+	    /*
+	     * try with appended '.DIR';
+	     * but only, if it has no extension.
+	     */
+	    if (strchr(path, '.') == NULL) {
+		strncpy(t, path, MAXPATHLEN);
+		t[MAXPATHLEN] = '\0';
+		strcat(t, ".DIR;0");
+		retry = 1;
+	    } else {
+		/*
+		 * try with appended 'DIR';
+		 * but only, if it ends with '.'.
+		 */
+		if (path[strlen(path)-1] == '.') {
+		    strncpy(t, path, MAXPATHLEN);
+		    t[MAXPATHLEN] = '\0';
+		    strcat(t, "DIR;0");
+		    retry = 1;
+		}
+	    }
+
+	    if (retry) {
+# ifdef TRACE_STAT_CALLS
+		printf("===> stat('%s') - retry\n", t);
+# endif
+		do {
+		    ret = stat(t, buffP);
+		} while ((ret < 0) && (errno == EINTR));
+	    }
+	}
+	return ret;
+}
+# define stat(__path__, __buffP__)      __vms_stat__(__path__, __buffP__)
+
+/*
+ * same for access
+ */
+int 
+__vms_access__(path, mode)
+    char *path;
+    int mode;
+{
+	int ret;
+	int retry = 0;
+	char t[MAXPATHLEN+1+5];
+
+	do {
+	    ret = access(path, mode);
+	} while ((ret < 0) && (errno == EINTR));
+	if (ret < 0) {
+	    /*
+	     * try with appended '.DIR';
+	     * but only, if it has no extension.
+	     */
+	    if (strchr(path, '.') == NULL) {
+		strncpy(t, path, MAXPATHLEN);
+		t[MAXPATHLEN] = '\0';
+		strcat(t, ".DIR");
+		retry = 1;
+	    } else {
+		if (path[strlen(path)-1] == '.') {
+		    strncpy(t, path, MAXPATHLEN);
+		    t[MAXPATHLEN] = '\0';
+		    strcat(t, "DIR");
+		    retry = 1;
+		}
+	    }
+	    if (retry) {
+		do {
+		    ret = access(t, mode);
+		} while ((ret < 0) && (errno == EINTR));
+	    }
+	}
+	return ret;
+}
+# define access(__path__, __mode__)     __vms_access__(__path__, __mode__)
+
+/* #define WAITDEBUG /* */
+/* #define PROCESSDEBUG /* */
+
+void
+__vms_ASTChildWithInfo(pInfo) 
+    struct procInfo *pInfo;
+{
+#ifdef WAITDEBUG
+	printf("__vms_ASTChildWithInfo pI=%x\n", pInfo);
+#endif
+
+	pInfo->finished = 1;
+	__vmsASTChild();        /* this signals an ST/X interrupt */
+}
+
+int
+__vms_waitPid(pidToWait, pStatus, pPid)
+    int pidToWait;
+    long *pStatus, *pPid;
+{
+    extern struct procInfo *procInfoHead, *procInfoFree;
+    struct procInfo *pInfo, *prevInfo;
+
+    prevInfo = 0;
+#ifdef WAITDEBUG
+    printf("__vms_waitPid ...\r\n", pInfo);
+#endif
+
+    for (pInfo = procInfoHead; pInfo; pInfo = pInfo->nextProc) {
+#ifdef WAITDEBUG
+	printf("__vms_waitPid pI=%x\r\n", pInfo);
+#endif
+	if (pInfo->finished) {
+#ifdef WAITDEBUG
+	    printf("  finished\n");
+#endif
+	    if ((pidToWait == -1)
+	     || (pInfo->pid == pidToWait)) {
+#ifdef WAITDEBUG
+		printf("  pid is %d\n", pInfo->pid);
+#endif
+		if ((pInfo->returnStatus & STS$M_SUCCESS) != STS$M_SUCCESS)
+		    *pStatus = pInfo->returnStatus;
+		else
+		    *pStatus = 0;
+#ifdef WAITDEBUG
+		printf("  status is %d (returning %d)\n", pInfo->returnStatus, *pStatus);
+#endif
+		*pPid = pInfo->pid;
+
+		/*
+		 * link this infoBlock back to the freeList
+		 */
+		if (prevInfo) {
+		    prevInfo->nextProc = pInfo->nextProc;
+		} else {
+		    procInfoHead = pInfo->nextProc;
+		}
+		pInfo->nextProc = procInfoFree;
+		procInfoFree = pInfo;
+		return 1;
+	    }
+	}
+    }
+#ifdef WAITDEBUG
+    printf("no child\r\n");
+#endif
+    return 0;
+}
+
+#endif /* __VMS__ */
+%}
+! !
+
+!OpenVMSOperatingSystem class methodsFor:'documentation'!
+
+copyright
+"
+ COPYRIGHT (c) 1988 by Claus Gittinger
+	      All Rights Reserved
+
+ This software is furnished under a license and may be used
+ only in accordance with the terms of that license and with the
+ inclusion of the above copyright notice.   This software may not
+ be provided or otherwise made available to, or used by, any
+ other person.  No title to or ownership of the software is
+ hereby transferred.
+"
+!
+
+documentation
+"
+    this class realizes access to most (all ?) required operating system services;
+    some of it is very specific for unix, so do not depend on
+    things available here in your applications 
+    - some may not be found in other OS's or be slightly different ...
+
+    (On the other hand: I do not want to hide all features
+     from you - in some situations it MAY be interesting to be
+     able to get down to a select or fork system call easily (at least on Unix systems).
+     You decide - portability vs. functionality)
+
+    [Class variables:]
+
+	HostName        <String>        remembered hostname
+
+	DomainName      <String>        remembered domainname
+
+	SlowFork        <Boolean>       if set, fork and popen are avoided;
+					(more or less obsolete now)
+
+
+	CurrentDirectory <String>       remembered currentDirectories path
+
+    [author:]
+	Claus Gittinger
+
+    [see also:]
+	OSProcessStatus
+	Filename Date Time
+	ExternalStream FileStream PipeStream Socket
+"
+!
+
+examples
+"
+  various queries
+								[exBegin]
+    Transcript 
+	showCR:'hello ' , (OpenVMSOperatingSystem getLoginName)
+								[exEnd]
+
+								[exBegin]
+    OpenVMSOperatingSystem isUNIXlike ifTrue:[
+	Transcript showCR:'this is some UNIX-like OS'
+    ] ifFalse:[
+	Transcript showCR:'this OS is not UNIX-like'
+    ]
+								[exEnd]
+
+								[exBegin]
+    Transcript 
+	showCR:'this machine is called ' , OpenVMSOperatingSystem getHostName
+								[exEnd]
+
+								[exBegin]
+    Transcript 
+	showCR:('this machine is in the '
+	       , OpenVMSOperatingSystem getDomainName
+	       , ' domain')
+								[exEnd]
+
+								[exBegin]
+    Transcript 
+	showCR:('this machine''s CPU is a '
+	       , OpenVMSOperatingSystem getCPUType
+	       )
+								[exEnd]
+
+								[exBegin]
+    Transcript showCR:'executing ls command ...'.
+    OpenVMSOperatingSystem executeCommand:'ls'.
+    Transcript showCR:'... done.'.
+								[exEnd]
+
+  locking a file 
+  (should be executed on two running smalltalks - not in two threads):
+								[exBegin]
+    |f|
+
+    f := 'testFile' asFilename readWriteStream.
+
+    10 timesRepeat:[
+	'about to lock ...' printCR.
+	[
+	  OpenVMSOperatingSystem 
+	    lockFD:(f fileDescriptor)
+	    shared:false
+	    blocking:false
+	] whileFalse:[
+	    'process ' print. OpenVMSOperatingSystem getProcessId print. ' is waiting' printCR.
+	    Delay waitForSeconds:1
+	].
+	'LOCKED ...' printCR.
+	Delay waitForSeconds:10.
+	'unlock ...' printCR.
+	(OpenVMSOperatingSystem 
+	    unlockFD:(f fileDescriptor)) printCR.
+	Delay waitForSeconds:3.
+    ]
+								[exBegin]
+"
+! !
+
+!OpenVMSOperatingSystem class methodsFor:'initialization'!
+
+initialize
+    "initialize the class"
+
+    ObjectMemory addDependent:self.
+    HostName := nil.
+    DomainName := nil.
+    LastErrorNumber := nil.
+    PipeFailed := false.
+    SlowFork := false.
+
+    "Modified: 13.9.1997 / 10:47:32 / cg"
+!
+
+update:something with:aParameter from:changedObject
+    "catch image restart and flush some cached data"
+
+    something == #earlyRestart ifTrue:[
+	"
+	 flush cached data
+	"
+	HostName := nil.
+	DomainName := nil.
+	LastErrorNumber := nil.
+        PipeFailed := false.
+	SlowFork := false.
+    ]
+
+    "Modified: 22.4.1996 / 13:10:43 / cg"
+    "Created: 15.6.1996 / 15:22:37 / cg"
+    "Modified: 7.1.1997 / 19:36:11 / stefan"
+! !
+
+!OpenVMSOperatingSystem class methodsFor:'OS signal constants'!
+
+sigABRT
+    "return the signal number for SIGABRT - 0 if not supported by OS
+     (the numeric value is not the same across unix-systems)"
+
+%{  /* NOCONTEXT */
+#ifdef SIGABRT
+    RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(SIGABRT) );
+#else
+    RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(0) );
+#endif
+%}
+!
+
+sigALRM
+    "return the signal number for SIGALRM - 0 if not supported
+     (the numeric value is not the same across unix-systems)"
+
+%{  /* NOCONTEXT */
+#ifdef SIGALRM
+    RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(SIGALRM) );
+#else
+    RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(0) );
+#endif
+%}
+!
+
+sigBREAK
+    "return the signal number for SIGBREAK - 0 if not supported.
+     This is an MSDOS specific signal"
+
+%{  /* NOCONTEXT */
+#ifdef SIGBREAK
+    RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(SIGBREAK) );
+#else
+    RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(0) );
+#endif
+%}
+!
+
+sigBUS
+    "return the signal number for SIGBUS - 0 if not supported
+     (the numeric value is not the same across unix-systems)"
+
+%{  /* NOCONTEXT */
+#ifdef SIGBUS
+    RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(SIGBUS) );
+#else
+    RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(0) );
+#endif
+%}
+!
+
+sigCHLD
+    "return the signal number for SIGCHLD - 0 if not supported
+     (the numeric value is not the same across unix-systems)"
+
+%{  /* NOCONTEXT */
+#if defined(SIGCHLD)
+    RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(SIGCHLD) );
+#else
+# if  defined(SIGCLD)
+    RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(SIGCLD) );
+# else
+    RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(0) );
+# endif
+#endif
+%}
+!
+
+sigCONT
+    "return the signal number for SIGCONT - 0 if not supported
+     (the numeric value is not the same across unix-systems)"
+
+%{  /* NOCONTEXT */
+#if defined(SIGCONT)
+    RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(SIGCONT) );
+#else
+    RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(0) );
+#endif
+%}
+!
+
+sigDANGER
+    "return the signal number for SIGDANGER - 0 if not supported
+     (seems to be an AIX special)"
+
+%{  /* NOCONTEXT */
+#if defined(SIGDANGER)
+    RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(SIGDANGER) );
+#else
+    RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(0) );
+#endif
+%}
+!
+
+sigEMT
+    "return the signal number for SIGEMT - 0 if not supported by OS
+     (the numeric value is not the same across unix-systems)"
+
+%{  /* NOCONTEXT */
+#ifdef SIGEMT
+    RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(SIGEMT) );
+#else
+    RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(0) );
+#endif
+%}
+!
+
+sigFP
+    "return the signal number for SIGFP - 0 if not supported by OS
+     (the numeric value is not the same across unix-systems)"
+
+%{  /* NOCONTEXT */
+#ifdef SIGFPE
+    RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(SIGFPE) );
+#else
+    RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(0) );
+#endif
+%}
+!
+
+sigGRANT
+    "return the signal number for SIGGRANT - 0 if not supported
+     (seems to be an AIX special)"
+
+%{  /* NOCONTEXT */
+#if defined(SIGGRANT)
+    RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(SIGGRANT) );
+#else
+    RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(0) );
+#endif
+%}
+!
+
+sigHUP
+    "return the signal number for SIGHUP
+     (the numeric value is not the same across unix-systems)"
+
+%{  /* NOCONTEXT */
+#ifdef SIGHUP
+    RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(SIGHUP) );
+#else
+    RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(0) );
+#endif
+%}
+!
+
+sigILL
+    "return the signal number for SIGILL - 0 if not supported by OS
+     (the numeric value is not the same across unix-systems)"
+
+%{  /* NOCONTEXT */
+#ifdef SIGILL
+    RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(SIGILL) );
+#else
+    RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(0) );
+#endif
+%}
+!
+
+sigINT
+    "return the signal number for SIGINT
+     (the numeric value is not the same across unix-systems)"
+
+%{  /* NOCONTEXT */
+#ifdef SIGINT
+    RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(SIGINT) );
+#else
+    RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(0) );
+#endif
+%}
+!
+
+sigIO
+    "return the signal number for SIGIO - 0 if not supported
+     (the numeric value is not the same across unix-systems)"
+
+%{  /* NOCONTEXT */
+#if defined(SIGIO)
+    RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(SIGIO) );
+#else
+    RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(0) );
+#endif
+%}
+!
+
+sigIOT
+    "return the signal number for SIGIOT - 0 if not supported by OS
+     (the numeric value is not the same across unix-systems)"
+
+%{  /* NOCONTEXT */
+#ifdef SIGIOT
+    RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(SIGIOT) );
+#else
+    RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(0) );
+#endif
+%}
+!
+
+sigKILL
+    "return the signal number for SIGKILL
+     (the numeric value is not the same across unix-systems)"
+
+%{  /* NOCONTEXT */
+#ifdef SIGKILL
+    RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(SIGKILL) );
+#else
+    RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(0) );
+#endif
+%}
+!
+
+sigLOST
+    "return the signal number for SIGLOST - 0 if not supported
+     (the numeric value is not the same across unix-systems)"
+
+%{  /* NOCONTEXT */
+#if defined(SIGLOST)
+    RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(SIGLOST) );
+#else
+    RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(0) );
+#endif
+%}
+!
+
+sigMIGRATE
+    "return the signal number for SIGMIGRATE - 0 if not supported
+     (seems to be an AIX special)"
+
+%{  /* NOCONTEXT */
+#if defined(SIGMIGRATE)
+    RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(SIGMIGRATE) );
+#else
+    RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(0) );
+#endif
+%}
+!
+
+sigMSG
+    "return the signal number for SIGMSG - 0 if not supported
+     (seems to be an AIX special)"
+
+%{  /* NOCONTEXT */
+#if defined(SIGMSG)
+    RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(SIGMSG) );
+#else
+    RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(0) );
+#endif
+%}
+!
+
+sigPIPE
+    "return the signal number for SIGPIPE - 0 if not supported
+     (the numeric value is not the same across unix-systems)"
+
+%{  /* NOCONTEXT */
+#ifdef SIGPIPE
+    RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(SIGPIPE) );
+#else
+    RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(0) );
+#endif
+%}
+!
+
+sigPOLL
+    "return the signal number for SIGPOLL - 0 if not supported
+     (the numeric value is not the same across unix-systems)"
+
+%{  /* NOCONTEXT */
+#if defined(SIGPOLL)
+    RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(SIGPOLL) );
+#else
+    RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(0) );
+#endif
+%}
+!
+
+sigPRE
+    "return the signal number for SIGPRE - 0 if not supported
+     (seems to be an AIX special)"
+
+%{  /* NOCONTEXT */
+#if defined(SIGPRE)
+    RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(SIGPRE) );
+#else
+    RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(0) );
+#endif
+%}
+!
+
+sigPROF
+    "return the signal number for SIGPROF - 0 if not supported
+     (the numeric value is not the same across unix-systems)"
+
+%{  /* NOCONTEXT */
+#if defined(SIGPROF)
+    RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(SIGPROF) );
+#else
+    RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(0) );
+#endif
+%}
+!
+
+sigPWR
+    "return the signal number for SIGPWR - 0 if not supported
+     (not available on all systems)"
+
+%{  /* NOCONTEXT */
+#if defined(SIGPWR)
+    RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(SIGPWR) );
+#else
+    RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(0) );
+#endif
+%}
+!
+
+sigQUIT
+    "return the signal number for SIGQUIT
+     (the numeric value is not the same across unix-systems)"
+
+%{  /* NOCONTEXT */
+#ifdef SIGQUIT
+    RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(SIGQUIT) );
+#else
+    RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(0) );
+#endif
+%}
+!
+
+sigRETRACT
+    "return the signal number for SIGRETRACT - 0 if not supported
+     (seems to be an AIX special)"
+
+%{  /* NOCONTEXT */
+#if defined(SIGRETRACT)
+    RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(SIGRETRACT) );
+#else
+    RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(0) );
+#endif
+%}
+!
+
+sigSAK
+    "return the signal number for SIGSAK - 0 if not supported
+     (seems to be an AIX special)"
+
+%{  /* NOCONTEXT */
+#if defined(SIGSAK)
+    RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(SIGSAK) );
+#else
+    RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(0) );
+#endif
+%}
+!
+
+sigSEGV
+    "return the signal number for SIGSEGV - 0 if not supported
+     (the numeric value is not the same across unix-systems)"
+
+%{  /* NOCONTEXT */
+#ifdef SIGSEGV
+    RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(SIGSEGV) );
+#else
+    RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(0) );
+#endif
+%}
+!
+
+sigSOUND
+    "return the signal number for SIGSOUND - 0 if not supported
+     (seems to be an AIX special)"
+
+%{  /* NOCONTEXT */
+#if defined(SIGSOUND)
+    RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(SIGSOUND) );
+#else
+    RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(0) );
+#endif
+%}
+!
+
+sigSTOP
+    "return the signal number for SIGSTOP - 0 if not supported
+     (the numeric value is not the same across unix-systems)"
+
+%{  /* NOCONTEXT */
+#if defined(SIGSTOP)
+    RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(SIGSTOP) );
+#else
+    RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(0) );
+#endif
+%}
+!
+
+sigSYS
+    "return the signal number for SIGSYS - 0 if not supported
+     (the numeric value is not the same across unix-systems)"
+
+%{  /* NOCONTEXT */
+#ifdef SIGSYS
+    RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(SIGSYS) );
+#else
+    RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(0) );
+#endif
+%}
+!
+
+sigTERM
+    "return the signal number for SIGTERM - 0 if not supported
+     (the numeric value is not the same across unix-systems)"
+
+%{  /* NOCONTEXT */
+#ifdef SIGTERM
+    RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(SIGTERM) );
+#else
+    RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(0) );
+#endif
+%}
+!
+
+sigTRAP
+    "return the signal number for SIGTRAP - 0 if not supported by OS
+     (the numeric value is not the same across unix-systems)"
+
+%{  /* NOCONTEXT */
+#ifdef SIGTRAP
+    RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(SIGTRAP) );
+#else
+    RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(0) );
+#endif
+%}
+!
+
+sigTSTP
+    "return the signal number for SIGTSTP - 0 if not supported
+     (the numeric value is not the same across unix-systems)"
+
+%{  /* NOCONTEXT */
+#if defined(SIGTSTP)
+    RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(SIGTSTP) );
+#else
+    RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(0) );
+#endif
+%}
+!
+
+sigTTIN
+    "return the signal number for SIGTTIN - 0 if not supported
+     (the numeric value is not the same across unix-systems)"
+
+%{  /* NOCONTEXT */
+#if defined(SIGTTIN)
+    RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(SIGTTIN) );
+#else
+    RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(0) );
+#endif
+%}
+!
+
+sigTTOU
+    "return the signal number for SIGTTOU - 0 if not supported
+     (the numeric value is not the same across unix-systems)"
+
+%{  /* NOCONTEXT */
+#if defined(SIGTTOU)
+    RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(SIGTTOU) );
+#else
+    RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(0) );
+#endif
+%}
+!
+
+sigURG
+    "return the signal number for SIGURG - 0 if not supported
+     (the numeric value is not the same across unix-systems)"
+
+%{  /* NOCONTEXT */
+#if defined(SIGURG)
+    RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(SIGURG) );
+#else
+    RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(0) );
+#endif
+%}
+!
+
+sigUSR1
+    "return the signal number for SIGUSR1 - 0 if not supported
+     (the numeric value is not the same across unix-systems)"
+
+%{  /* NOCONTEXT */
+#if defined(SIGUSR1)
+    RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(SIGUSR1) );
+#else
+    RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(0) );
+#endif
+%}
+!
+
+sigUSR2
+    "return the signal number for SIGUSR2 - 0 if not supported
+     (the numeric value is not the same across unix-systems)"
+
+%{  /* NOCONTEXT */
+#if defined(SIGUSR2)
+    RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(SIGUSR2) );
+#else
+    RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(0) );
+#endif
+%}
+!
+
+sigVTALRM
+    "return the signal number for SIGVTALRM - 0 if not supported
+     (the numeric value is not the same across unix-systems)"
+
+%{  /* NOCONTEXT */
+#if defined(SIGVTALRM)
+    RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(SIGVTALRM) );
+#else
+    RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(0) );
+#endif
+%}
+!
+
+sigWINCH
+    "return the signal number for SIGWINCH - 0 if not supported
+     (the numeric value is not the same across unix-systems)"
+
+%{  /* NOCONTEXT */
+#if defined(SIGWINCH)
+    RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(SIGWINCH) );
+#else
+    RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(0) );
+#endif
+%}
+!
+
+sigXCPU
+    "return the signal number for SIGXCPU - 0 if not supported
+     (the numeric value is not the same across unix-systems)"
+
+%{  /* NOCONTEXT */
+#if defined(SIGXCPU)
+    RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(SIGXCPU) );
+#else
+    RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(0) );
+#endif
+%}
+!
+
+sigXFSZ
+    "return the signal number for SIGXFSZ - 0 if not supported
+     (the numeric value is not the same across unix-systems)"
+
+%{  /* NOCONTEXT */
+#if defined(SIGXFSZ)
+    RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(SIGXFSZ) );
+#else
+    RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(0) );
+#endif
+%}
+! !
+
+!OpenVMSOperatingSystem class methodsFor:'error messages'!
+
+currentErrorNumber
+    "returns the OS's last error nr (i.e. the value of errno).
+     Notice, that the value of this flag is only valid immediately
+     after the error occurred - it gets updated with every other
+     request to the OS.
+     Use lastErrorNumber - currentErrorNumber is invalidated by
+     many, many internal calls."
+
+%{  /* NOCONTEXT */
+
+     RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(errno) );
+%}
+     "
+      OpenVMSOperatingSystem currentErrorNumber
+     "
+!
+
+errorNumberFor:aSymbol
+    "given a symbolic error, return the numeric;
+     (i.e. errorNumberFor:#EBADF returns EBADF's value).
+     Use this, since error numbers are really not standard across unix systems."
+
+%{   /* NOCONTEXT */
+    OBJ sym = aSymbol;
+
+    /*
+     * POSIX errnos - these should be defined
+     */
+#ifdef EPERM
+    if (sym == @symbol(EPERM)) {
+	RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(EPERM) );
+    }
+#endif
+
+#ifdef ENOENT
+    if (sym == @symbol(ENOENT)) {
+	RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(ENOENT) );
+    }
+#endif
+
+#ifdef ESRCH
+    if (sym == @symbol(ESRCH)) {
+	RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(ESRCH) );
+    }
+#endif
+
+#ifdef EINTR
+    if (sym == @symbol(EINTR)) {
+	RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(EINTR) );
+    }
+#endif
+
+#ifdef EIO
+    if (sym == @symbol(EIO)) {
+	RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(EIO) );
+    }
+#endif
+
+#ifdef ENXIO
+    if (sym == @symbol(ENXIO)) {
+	RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(ENXIO) );
+    }
+#endif
+
+#ifdef E2BIG
+    if (sym == @symbol(E2BIG)) {
+	RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(E2BIG) );
+    }
+#endif
+
+#ifdef ENOEXEC
+    if (sym == @symbol(ENOEXEC)) {
+	RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(ENOEXEC) );
+    }
+#endif
+
+#ifdef EBADF
+    if (sym == @symbol(EBADF)) {
+	RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(EBADF) );
+    }
+#endif
+
+#ifdef ECHILD
+    if (sym == @symbol(ECHILD)) {
+	RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(ECHILD) );
+    }
+#endif
+
+#if defined(EAGAIN)
+    if (sym == @symbol(EAGAIN)) {
+	RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(EAGAIN) );
+    }
+#endif
+
+#ifdef ENOMEM
+    if (sym == @symbol(ENOMEM)) {
+	RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(ENOMEM) );
+    }
+#endif
+
+#ifdef EACCES
+    if (sym == @symbol(EACCES)) {
+	RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(EACCES) );
+    }
+#endif
+
+#ifdef EFAULT
+    if (sym == @symbol(EFAULT)) {
+	RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(EFAULT) );
+    }
+#endif
+
+#ifdef EBUSY
+    if (sym == @symbol(EBUSY)) {
+	RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(EBUSY) );
+    }
+#endif
+
+#ifdef EXDEV
+    if (sym == @symbol(EXDEV)) {
+	RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(EXDEV) );
+    }
+#endif
+
+#ifdef ENODEV
+    if (sym == @symbol(ENODEV)) {
+	RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(ENODEV) );
+    }
+#endif
+
+#ifdef ENOTDIR
+    if (sym == @symbol(ENOTDIR)) {
+	RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(ENOTDIR) );
+    }
+#endif
+
+#ifdef EISDIR
+    if (sym == @symbol(EISDIR)) {
+	RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(EISDIR) );
+    }
+#endif
+
+#ifdef EINVAL
+    if (sym == @symbol(EINVAL)) {
+	RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(EINVAL) );
+    }
+#endif
+
+#ifdef ENFILE
+    if (sym == @symbol(ENFILE)) {
+	RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(ENFILE) );
+    }
+#endif
+
+#ifdef EMFILE
+    if (sym == @symbol(EMFILE)) {
+	RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(EMFILE) );
+    }
+#endif
+
+#ifdef ENOTTY
+    if (sym == @symbol(ENOTTY)) {
+	RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(ENOTTY) );
+    }
+#endif
+
+#ifdef EFBIG
+    if (sym == @symbol(EFBIG)) {
+	RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(EFBIG) );
+    }
+#endif
+
+#ifdef ENOSPC
+    if (sym == @symbol(ENOSPC)) {
+	RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(ENOSPC) );
+    }
+#endif
+
+#ifdef ESPIPE
+    if (sym == @symbol(ESPIPE)) {
+	RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(ESPIPE) );
+    }
+#endif
+
+#ifdef EROFS
+    if (sym == @symbol(EROFS)) {
+	RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(EROFS) );
+    }
+#endif
+
+#ifdef EMLINK
+    if (sym == @symbol(EMLINK)) {
+	RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(EMLINK) );
+    }
+#endif
+
+#ifdef EPIPE
+    if (sym == @symbol(EPIPE)) {
+	RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(EPIPE) );
+    }
+#endif
+
+#ifdef EDOM
+    if (sym == @symbol(EDOM)) {
+	RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(EDOM) );
+    }
+#endif
+
+#ifdef ERANGE
+    if (sym == @symbol(ERANGE)) {
+	RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(ERANGE) );
+    }
+#endif
+
+#ifdef EDEADLK
+    if (sym == @symbol(EDEADLK)) {
+	RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(EDEADLK) );
+    }
+#endif
+
+#ifdef ENAMETOOLONG
+    if (sym == @symbol(ENAMETOOLONG)) {
+	RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(ENAMETOOLONG) );
+    }
+#endif
+
+#ifdef ENOLCK
+    if (sym == @symbol(ENOLCK)) {
+	RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(ENOLCK) );
+    }
+#endif
+
+#ifdef ENOSYS
+    if (sym == @symbol(ENOSYS)) {
+	RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(ENOSYS) );
+    }
+#endif
+
+#ifdef ENOTEMPTY
+    if (sym == @symbol(ENOTEMPTY)) {
+	RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(ENOTEMPTY) );
+    }
+#endif
+
+#ifdef EEXIST
+    if (sym == @symbol(EEXIST)) {
+	RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(EEXIST) );
+    }
+#endif
+
+#ifdef EILSEQ
+    if (sym == @symbol(EILSEQ)) {
+	RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(EILSEQ) );
+    }
+#endif
+
+    /*
+     * XPG3 errnos - defined on most systems
+     */
+#ifdef ENOTBLK
+    if (sym == @symbol(ENOTBLK)) {
+	RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(ENOTBLK) );
+    }
+#endif
+
+#ifdef ETXTBSY
+    if (sym == @symbol(ETXTBSY)) {
+	RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(ETXTBSY) );
+    }
+#endif
+
+    /*
+     * some others
+     */
+#ifdef EWOULDBLOCK
+    if (sym == @symbol(EWOULDBLOCK)) {
+	RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(EWOULDBLOCK) );
+    }
+#endif
+
+#ifdef ENOMSG
+    if (sym == @symbol(ENOMSG)) {
+	RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(ENOMSG) );
+    }
+#endif
+
+#ifdef ELOOP
+    if (sym == @symbol(ELOOP)) {
+	RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(ELOOP) );
+    }
+#endif
+
+    /*
+     * some stream errors
+     */
+#ifdef ETIME
+    if (sym == @symbol(ETIME)) {
+	RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(ETIME) );
+    }
+#endif
+
+#ifdef ENOSR
+    if (sym == @symbol(ENOSR)) {
+	RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(ENOSR) );
+    }
+#endif
+
+#ifdef ENOSTR
+    if (sym == @symbol(ENOSTR)) {
+	RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(ENOSTR) );
+    }
+#endif
+
+#ifdef ECOMM
+    if (sym == @symbol(ECOMM)) {
+	RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(ECOMM) );
+    }
+#endif
+
+#ifdef EPROTO
+    if (sym == @symbol(EPROTO)) {
+	RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(EPROTO) );
+    }
+#endif
+
+    /*
+     * nfs errors
+     */
+#ifdef ESTALE
+    if (sym == @symbol(ESTALE)) {
+	RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(ESTALE) );
+    }
+#endif
+
+#ifdef EREMOTE
+    if (sym == @symbol(EREMOTE)) {
+	RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(EREMOTE) );
+    }
+#endif
+
+    /*
+     * some networking errors
+     */
+#ifdef EINPROGRESS
+    if (sym == @symbol(EINPROGRESS)) {
+	RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(EINPROGRESS) );
+    }
+#endif
+
+#ifdef EALREADY
+    if (sym == @symbol(EALREADY)) {
+	RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(EALREADY) );
+    }
+#endif
+
+#ifdef ENOTSOCK
+    if (sym == @symbol(ENOTSOCK)) {
+	RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(ENOTSOCK) );
+    }
+#endif
+
+#ifdef EDESTADDRREQ
+    if (sym == @symbol(EDESTADDRREQ)) {
+	RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(EDESTADDRREQ) );
+    }
+#endif
+
+#ifdef EMSGSIZE
+    if (sym == @symbol(EMSGSIZE)) {
+	RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(EMSGSIZE) );
+    }
+#endif
+
+#ifdef EPROTOTYPE
+    if (sym == @symbol(EPROTOTYPE)) {
+	RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(EPROTOTYPE) );
+    }
+#endif
+
+#ifdef ENOPROTOOPT
+    if (sym == @symbol(ENOPROTOOPT)) {
+	RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(ENOPROTOOPT) );
+    }
+#endif
+
+#ifdef EPROTONOSUPPORT
+    if (sym == @symbol(EPROTONOSUPPORT)) {
+	RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(EPROTONOSUPPORT) );
+    }
+#endif
+
+#ifdef ESOCKTNOSUPPORT
+    if (sym == @symbol(ESOCKTNOSUPPORT)) {
+	RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(ESOCKTNOSUPPORT) );
+    }
+#endif
+
+#ifdef EOPNOTSUPP
+    if (sym == @symbol(EOPNOTSUPP)) {
+	RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(EOPNOTSUPP) );
+    }
+#endif
+
+#ifdef EPFNOSUPPORT
+    if (sym == @symbol(EPFNOSUPPORT)) {
+	RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(EPFNOSUPPORT) );
+    }
+#endif
+
+#ifdef EAFNOSUPPORT
+    if (sym == @symbol(EAFNOSUPPORT)) {
+	RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(EAFNOSUPPORT) );
+    }
+#endif
+
+#ifdef EADDRINUSE
+    if (sym == @symbol(EADDRINUSE)) {
+	RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(EADDRINUSE) );
+    }
+#endif
+
+#ifdef EADDRNOTAVAIL
+    if (sym == @symbol(EADDRNOTAVAIL)) {
+	RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(EADDRNOTAVAIL) );
+    }
+#endif
+
+#ifdef ETIMEDOUT
+    if (sym == @symbol(ETIMEDOUT)) {
+	RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(ETIMEDOUT) );
+    }
+#endif
+
+#ifdef ECONNREFUSED
+    if (sym == @symbol(ECONNREFUSED)) {
+	RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(ECONNREFUSED) );
+    }
+#endif
+
+#ifdef ENETDOWN
+    if (sym == @symbol(ENETDOWN)) {
+	RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(ENETDOWN) );
+    }
+#endif
+
+#ifdef ENETUNREACH
+    if (sym == @symbol(ENETUNREACH)) {
+	RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(ENETUNREACH) );
+    }
+#endif
+
+#ifdef ENETRESET
+    if (sym == @symbol(ENETRESET)) {
+	RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(ENETRESET) );
+    }
+#endif
+
+#ifdef ECONNABORTED
+    if (sym == @symbol(ECONNABORTED)) {
+	RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(ECONNABORTED) );
+    }
+#endif
+
+#ifdef ECONNRESET
+    if (sym == @symbol(ECONNRESET)) {
+	RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(ECONNRESET) );
+    }
+#endif
+
+#ifdef EISCONN
+    if (sym == @symbol(EISCONN)) {
+	RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(EISCONN) );
+    }
+#endif
+
+#ifdef ENOTCONN
+    if (sym == @symbol(ENOTCONN)) {
+	RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(ENOTCONN) );
+    }
+#endif
+
+#ifdef ESHUTDOWN
+    if (sym == @symbol(ESHUTDOWN)) {
+	RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(ESHUTDOWN) );
+    }
+#endif
+
+#ifdef EHOSTDOWN
+    if (sym == @symbol(EHOSTDOWN)) {
+	RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(EHOSTDOWN) );
+    }
+#endif
+
+#ifdef EHOSTUNREACH
+    if (sym == @symbol(EHOSTUNREACH)) {
+	RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(EHOSTUNREACH) );
+    }
+#endif
+    /*
+     * VMS errors
+     */
+#ifdef EVMSERR
+    if (sym == @symbol(EVMSERR)) {
+	RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(EVMSERR) );
+    }
+#endif
+
+%}.
+    ^ -1
+!
+
+errorSymbolAndTextForNumber:errNr
+    "return an array consisting of symbol &  message string from a unix errorNumber 
+     (as returned by a system call). 
+     The returned message is in english (as found in /usr/include/errno.h)
+     and should be replaced by a resource lookup before being presented to the user."
+
+    |sym text|
+
+%{
+    /* claus:
+     * I made this primitive code, since errnos are not
+     * standard across unixes
+     */
+    char *msg = "unknown error";
+    char buffer[128];
+    OBJ eno = errNr;
+
+    if (__isSmallInteger(eno)) {
+	switch (__intVal(eno)) {
+	    /*
+	     * POSIX errnos - these should be defined
+	     */
+#ifdef EPERM
+	    case EPERM:
+		msg = "Operation not permitted";
+		sym = @symbol(EPERM);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef ENOENT
+	    case ENOENT:
+		msg = "No such file or directory";
+		sym = @symbol(ENOENT);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef ESRCH
+	    case ESRCH:
+		msg = "No such process";
+		sym = @symbol(ESRCH);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef EINTR
+	    case EINTR:
+		msg = "Interrupted system call";
+		sym = @symbol(EINTR);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef EIO
+	    case EIO:
+		msg = "I/O error";
+		sym = @symbol(EIO);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef ENXIO
+	    case ENXIO:
+		msg = "No such device or address";
+		sym = @symbol(ENXIO);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef E2BIG
+	    case E2BIG:
+		msg = "Arg list too long";
+		sym = @symbol(E2BIG);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef ENOEXEC
+	    case ENOEXEC:
+		msg = "Exec format error";
+		sym = @symbol(ENOEXEC);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef EBADF
+	    case EBADF:
+		msg = "Bad file number";
+		sym = @symbol(EBADF);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef ECHILD
+	    case ECHILD:
+		msg = "No child processes";
+		sym = @symbol(ECHILD);
+		break;
+#endif
+#if !defined(EWOULDBLOCK) && defined(EAGAIN) && (EWOULDBLOCK != EAGAIN)
+	    case EAGAIN:
+		msg = "Try again";
+		sym = @symbol(EAGAIN);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef ENOMEM
+	    case ENOMEM:
+		msg = "Out of memory";
+		sym = @symbol(ENOMEM);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef EACCES
+	    case EACCES:
+		msg = "Permission denied";
+		sym = @symbol(EACCES);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef EFAULT
+	    case EFAULT:
+		msg = "Bad address";
+		sym = @symbol(EFAULT);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef EBUSY
+	    case EBUSY:
+		msg = "Device or resource busy";
+		sym = @symbol(EBUSY);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef EEXIST
+	    case EEXIST:
+		msg = "File exists";
+		sym = @symbol(EEXIST);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef EXDEV
+	    case EXDEV:
+		msg = "Cross-device link";
+		sym = @symbol(EXDEV);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef ENODEV
+	    case ENODEV:
+		msg = "No such device";
+		sym = @symbol(ENODEV);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef ENOTDIR
+	    case ENOTDIR:
+		msg = "Not a directory";
+		sym = @symbol(ENOTDIR);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef EISDIR
+	    case EISDIR:
+		msg = "Is a directory";
+		sym = @symbol(EISDIR);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef EINVAL
+	    case EINVAL:
+		msg = "Invalid argument";
+		sym = @symbol(EINVAL);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef ENFILE
+	    case ENFILE:
+		msg = "File table overflow";
+		sym = @symbol(ENFILE);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef EMFILE
+	    case EMFILE:
+		msg = "Too many open files";
+		sym = @symbol(EMFILE);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef ENOTTY
+	    case ENOTTY:
+		msg = "Not a typewriter";
+		sym = @symbol(ENOTTY);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef EFBIG
+	    case EFBIG:
+		msg = "File too large";
+		sym = @symbol(EFBIG);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef ENOSPC
+	    case ENOSPC:
+		msg = "No space left on device";
+		sym = @symbol(ENOSPC);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef ESPIPE
+	    case ESPIPE:
+		msg = "Illegal seek";
+		sym = @symbol(ESPIPE);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef EROFS
+	    case EROFS:
+		msg = "Read-only file system";
+		sym = @symbol(EROFS);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef EMLINK
+	    case EMLINK:
+		msg = "Too many links";
+		sym = @symbol(EMLINK);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef EPIPE
+	    case EPIPE:
+		msg = "Broken pipe";
+		sym = @symbol(EPIPE);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef EDOM
+	    case EDOM:
+		msg = "Math argument out of domain";
+		sym = @symbol(EDOM);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef ERANGE
+	    case ERANGE:
+		msg = "Math result not representable";
+		sym = @symbol(ERANGE);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef EDEADLK
+# if EDEADLK != EWOULDBLOCK
+	    case EDEADLK:
+		msg = "Resource deadlock would occur";
+		sym = @symbol(EDEADLK);
+		break;
+# endif
+#endif
+#ifdef ENAMETOOLONG
+	    case ENAMETOOLONG:
+		msg = "File name too long";
+		sym = @symbol(ENAMETOOLONG);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef ENOLCK
+	    case ENOLCK:
+		msg = "No record locks available";
+		sym = @symbol(ENOLCK);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef ENOSYS
+	    case ENOSYS:
+		msg = "Function not implemented";
+		sym = @symbol(ENOSYS);
+		break;
+#endif
+#if defined(ENOTEMPTY) && (ENOTEMPTY != EEXIST)
+	    case ENOTEMPTY:
+		msg = "Directory not empty";
+		sym = @symbol(ENOTEMPTY);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef EILSEQ
+	    case EILSEQ:
+		msg = "Illegal byte sequence";
+		sym = @symbol(EILSEQ);
+		break;
+#endif
+	    /*
+	     * XPG3 errnos - defined on most systems
+	     */
+#ifdef ENOTBLK
+	    case ENOTBLK:
+		msg = "Block device required";
+		sym = @symbol(ENOTBLK);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef ETXTBSY
+	    case ETXTBSY:
+		msg = "Text file busy";
+		sym = @symbol(ETXTBSY);
+		break;
+#endif
+	    /*
+	     * some others
+	     */
+#ifdef EWOULDBLOCK
+	    case EWOULDBLOCK:
+		msg = "Operation would block";
+		sym = @symbol(EWOULDBLOCK);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef ENOMSG
+	    case ENOMSG:
+		msg = "No message of desired type";
+		sym = @symbol(ENOMSG);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef ELOOP
+	    case ELOOP:
+		msg = "Too many levels of symbolic links";
+		sym = @symbol(ELOOP);
+		break;
+#endif
+
+	    /*
+	     * some stream errors
+	     */
+#ifdef ETIME
+	    case ETIME:
+		msg = "Timer expired";
+		sym = @symbol(ETIME);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef ENOSR
+	    case ENOSR:
+		msg = "Out of streams resources";
+		sym = @symbol(ENOSR);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef ENOSTR
+	    case ENOSTR:
+		msg = "Device not a stream";
+		sym = @symbol(ENOSTR);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef ECOMM
+	    case ECOMM:
+		msg = "Communication error on send";
+		sym = @symbol(ECOMM);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef EPROTO
+	    case EPROTO:
+		msg = "Protocol error";
+		sym = @symbol(EPROTO);
+		break;
+#endif
+	    /*
+	     * nfs errors
+	     */
+#ifdef ESTALE
+	    case ESTALE:
+		msg = "Stale NFS file handle";
+		sym = @symbol(ESTALE);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef EREMOTE
+	    case EREMOTE:
+		msg = "Too many levels of remote in path";
+		sym = @symbol(EREMOTE);
+		break;
+#endif
+	    /*
+	     * some networking errors
+	     */
+#ifdef EINPROGRESS
+	    case EINPROGRESS:
+		msg = "Operation now in progress";
+		sym = @symbol(EINPROGRESS);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef EALREADY
+	    case EALREADY:
+		msg = "Operation already in progress";
+		sym = @symbol(EALREADY);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef ENOTSOCK
+	    case ENOTSOCK:
+		msg = "Socket operation on non-socket";
+		sym = @symbol(ENOTSOCK);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef EDESTADDRREQ
+	    case EDESTADDRREQ:
+		msg = "Destination address required";
+		sym = @symbol(EDESTADDRREQ);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef EMSGSIZE
+	    case EMSGSIZE:
+		msg = "Message too long";
+		sym = @symbol(EMSGSIZE);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef EPROTOTYPE
+	    case EPROTOTYPE:
+		msg = "Protocol wrong type for socket";
+		sym = @symbol(EPROTOTYPE);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef ENOPROTOOPT
+	    case ENOPROTOOPT:
+		msg = "Protocol not available";
+		sym = @symbol(ENOPROTOOPT);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef EPROTONOSUPPORT
+	    case EPROTONOSUPPORT:
+		msg = "Protocol not supported";
+		sym = @symbol(EPROTONOSUPPORT);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef ESOCKTNOSUPPORT
+	    case ESOCKTNOSUPPORT:
+		msg = "Socket type not supported";
+		sym = @symbol(ESOCKTNOSUPPORT);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef EOPNOTSUPP
+	    case EOPNOTSUPP:
+		msg = "Operation not supported on socket";
+		sym = @symbol(EOPNOTSUPP);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef EPFNOSUPPORT
+	    case EPFNOSUPPORT:
+		msg = "Protocol family not supported";
+		sym = @symbol(EPFNOSUPPORT);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef EAFNOSUPPORT
+	    case EAFNOSUPPORT:
+		msg = "Address family not supported by protocol family";
+		sym = @symbol(EAFNOSUPPORT);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef EADDRINUSE
+	    case EADDRINUSE:
+		msg = "Address already in use";
+		sym = @symbol(EADDRINUSE);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef EADDRNOTAVAIL
+	    case EADDRNOTAVAIL:
+		msg = "Can\'t assign requested address";
+		sym = @symbol(EADDRNOTAVAIL);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef ETIMEDOUT
+	    case ETIMEDOUT:
+		msg = "Connection timed out";
+		sym = @symbol(ETIMEDOUT);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef ECONNREFUSED
+	    case ECONNREFUSED:
+		msg = "Connection refused";
+		sym = @symbol(ECONNREFUSED);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef ENETDOWN
+	    case ENETDOWN:
+		msg = "Network is down";
+		sym = @symbol(ENETDOWN);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef ENETUNREACH
+	    case ENETUNREACH:
+		msg = "Network is unreachable";
+		sym = @symbol(ENETUNREACH);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef ENETRESET
+	    case ENETRESET:
+		msg = "Network dropped conn due to reset";
+		sym = @symbol(ENETRESET);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef ECONNABORTED
+	    case ECONNABORTED:
+		msg = "Software caused connection abort";
+		sym = @symbol(ECONNABORTED);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef ECONNRESET
+	    case ECONNRESET:
+		msg = "Connection reset by peer";
+		sym = @symbol(ECONNRESET);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef EISCONN
+	    case EISCONN:
+		msg = "Socket is already connected";
+		sym = @symbol(EISCONN);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef ENOTCONN
+	    case ENOTCONN:
+		msg = "Socket is not connected";
+		sym = @symbol(ENOTCONN);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef ESHUTDOWN
+	    case ESHUTDOWN:
+		msg = "Can't send after socket shutdown";
+		sym = @symbol(ESHUTDOWN);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef EHOSTDOWN
+	    case EHOSTDOWN:
+		msg = "Host is down";
+		sym = @symbol(EHOSTDOWN);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef EHOSTUNREACH
+	    case EHOSTUNREACH:
+		msg = "No route to host";
+		sym = @symbol(EHOSTUNREACH);
+		break;
+#endif
+
+#ifdef WIN32
+	    /*
+	     * WIN32 GetLastError returns
+	     */
+# ifdef ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND
+	    case WIN32_ERR(ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND):
+		msg = "File not found";
+		sym = @symbol(ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND);
+		break;
+# endif
+# ifdef ERROR_BROKEN_PIPE
+	    case WIN32_ERR(ERROR_BROKEN_PIPE):
+		msg = "Broken pipe";
+		sym = @symbol(ERROR_BROKEN_PIPE);
+		break;
+# endif
+
+#endif /* WINM32 */
+
+#ifdef __VMS__
+# ifdef EVMSERR
+	    case EVMSERR:
+		msg = "VMS system request error";
+		sym = @symbol(EVMSERR);
+		break;
+# endif
+#endif
+
+	    default:
+		{
+		    __BEGIN_PROTECT_REGISTERS__
+		    sprintf(buffer, "ErrorNr: %d", __intVal(eno));
+		    __END_PROTECT_REGISTERS__
+		}
+		msg = buffer;
+		sym = @symbol(ERROR_OTHER);
+		break;
+	}
+	text = __MKSTRING(msg);
+    } else {
+	text = nil;
+	sym = nil;
+    }
+%}.
+    ^ Array with:sym with:text
+
+    "
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem errorSymbolAndTextForNumber:4
+    "
+! !
+
+!OpenVMSOperatingSystem class methodsFor:'executing OS commands'!
+
+commandAndArgsForOSCommand:aCommandString
+    "get a shell and shell arguments for command execution"
+
+    |shell args wDir|
+
+    self isMSWINDOWSlike ifTrue:[
+	"/
+	"/ 'x:\WINNT\System32\cmd /c <command>'
+	"/ or 'x:\WINDOWS\System32\cmd /c <command>'
+	"/ or 'x:\WINDOWS\System\cmd /c <command>'
+	"/ or whatever ...
+	"/
+	"/ shell := self getEnvironment:'COMSPEC'.
+	"/ shell isNil ifTrue:[
+	"/     wDir := self getWindowsSystemDirectory asFilename.
+	"/     shell := (wDir construct:'cmd') pathName.
+	"/ ].
+	"/ shell := shell , ' /c'.
+	shell := ''.
+	args := aCommandString.
+    ] ifFalse:[
+	self isVMSlike ifTrue:[
+	    shell := ''.        "/ always DCL
+	    args := aCommandString.
+	] ifFalse:[
+	    "/
+	    "/ '/bin/sh -c <command>'
+	    "/
+	    shell := '/bin/sh'.
+	    args := Array with:'sh' with:'-c' with:aCommandString.
+	]
+    ].
+    ^ Array with:shell with:args
+
+    "Modified: 2.5.1997 / 11:56:36 / cg"
+    "Modified: 20.1.1998 / 16:57:19 / md"
+!
+
+exec:aCommandPath withArguments:argArray fileDescriptors:fdArray closeDescriptors:closeFdArray fork:doFork newPgrp:newPgrp
+    "Internal lowLevel entry for combined fork & exec;
+     If fork is false (chain a command):
+	 execute the OS command specified by the argument, aCommandPath, with
+	 arguments in argArray (no arguments, if nil).
+	 If successful, this method does not return and smalltalk is gone.
+	 If not successful, it does return.
+	 Normal use is with forkForCommand.
+
+     If fork is true (subprocess command execution):
+	fork a child to do the above.
+	The process id of the child process is returned; nil if the fork failed.
+
+     fdArray contains the filedescriptors, to be used for the child (if fork is true).
+	fdArray[1] = 15 -> use fd 15 as stdin.
+	If an element of the array is set to nil, the corresponding filedescriptor
+	will be closed for the child.
+	fdArray[0] == StdIn for child
+	fdArray[1] == StdOut for child
+	fdArray[2] == StdErr for child
+	on VMS, these must be channels as returned by createMailBox.
+
+     closeFdArray contains descriptors that will be closed in the subprocess.
+	closeDescriptors are ignored in the WIN32 & VMS versions.
+
+     NOTE that in WIN32 the fds are HANDLES!!
+
+     If newPgrp is true, the subprocess will be established in a new process group.
+	The processgroup will be equal to id.
+	newPgrp is not used on WIN32 and VMS systems.
+
+     Notice: this used to be two separate ST-methods; however, in order to use
+	    vfork on some machines, it had to be merged into one, to avoid write
+	    accesses to ST/X memory from the vforked-child.
+	    The code below only does read accesses."
+
+    |channelIn channelOut mbxName_in mbxName_out|
+
+    self isMSWINDOWSlike ifTrue:[
+      ^ self exec:aCommandPath withArguments:argArray fileDescriptors:fdArray
+	      closeDescriptors:closeFdArray fork:doFork newPgrp:newPgrp inDirectory:nil.
+    ].
+
+    self isVMSlike ifTrue:[
+	fdArray notNil ifTrue:[
+	    (channelIn := fdArray at:1) notNil ifTrue:[
+		mbxName_in := self mailBoxNameOf:channelIn.
+	    ].
+	    (channelOut := fdArray at:2) notNil ifTrue:[
+		mbxName_out := self mailBoxNameOf:channelOut.
+	    ].
+	]
+    ].
+
+%{  /* STACK: 16000 */
+
+#if !defined(MSDOS_LIKE) && !defined(__VMS__)
+    char **argv;
+    int nargs, i, id;
+    OBJ arg;
+    /* extern char *malloc(); */
+
+    if (__isString(aCommandPath) && 
+	((argArray == nil) || __isArray(argArray)) &&
+	((fdArray == nil) || __isArray(fdArray)) &&
+	((closeFdArray == nil) || __isArray(closeFdArray))
+    ) {
+	nargs = argArray == nil ? 0 : __arraySize(argArray);
+	argv = (char **) malloc(sizeof(char *) * (nargs + 1));
+	if (argv) {
+	    for (i=0; i < nargs; i++) {
+		arg = __ArrayInstPtr(argArray)->a_element[i];
+		if (__isString(arg)) {
+		    argv[i] = (char *) __stringVal(arg);
+		} else {
+		    argv[i] = "";
+		}
+	    }
+	    argv[i] = NULL;
+
+	    if (doFork == true) {
+		int nfd, nclose;
+
+		nfd = fdArray == nil ? 0 : __arraySize(fdArray);
+		nclose = closeFdArray == nil ? 0 : __arraySize(closeFdArray);
+# ifdef HAS_VFORK
+		id = vfork();
+# else
+		id = fork();
+# endif
+		if (id == 0) {
+		    /*
+		    ** In child.
+		    ** first: dup filedescriptors
+		    */
+		    for (i = 0; i < nfd; i++) {
+			if (__isSmallInteger(__ArrayInstPtr(fdArray)->a_element[i]) &&
+			    __intVal(__ArrayInstPtr(fdArray)->a_element[i]) != i
+			) {
+			    dup2(__intVal(__ArrayInstPtr(fdArray)->a_element[i]), i);
+			}
+		    }
+		    /*
+		    ** second: close unused filedescriptors
+		    */
+		    for (i = 0; i < nfd; i++) {
+			if (__ArrayInstPtr(fdArray)->a_element[i] == nil) {
+			    close(i);
+			}
+		    }
+		    /*
+		    ** third: close filedescriptors
+		    */
+		    for (i = 0; i < nclose; i++) {
+			if (__isSmallInteger(__ArrayInstPtr(closeFdArray)->a_element[i])) {
+			    close(__intVal(__ArrayInstPtr(closeFdArray)->a_element[i]));
+			}
+		    }
+		    if (newPgrp == true) {
+# if defined(_POSIX_JOB_CONTROL)
+			(void) setpgid(0, 0);
+# else
+#  if defined(BSD)
+			(void) setpgrp(0);
+#  endif
+# endif
+		    }
+
+		    execv(__stringVal(aCommandPath), argv);
+		    /* should not be reached */
+		    _exit(127);                 /* POSIX 2 compatible exit value */
+		}
+		/*
+		** In parent: succes or failure
+		*/
+		free(argv);
+		if (id == -1) {
+		    RETURN (nil);
+		} else {
+		    RETURN (__MKSMALLINT(id));
+		}
+	    } else {
+		execv(__stringVal(aCommandPath), argv);
+		/* 
+		 * should not be reached
+		 * (well, it is, if you pass a wrong command-path)
+		 */
+		free(argv);
+		RETURN ( nil );
+	    }
+	}
+    }
+#else /* VMS */
+# ifdef __VMS__
+    /*
+     * if fork is false, chain to another command (not yet supported)
+     * otherwise, spawn a subprocess and let it execute the command.
+     * Currently, only the forking version is supported (who chains anyway ?)
+     * Only stdIn & stdOut are allowed in fdArray;
+     */
+    char fullCmdLine[1024];
+    char cliBuffer[1024];
+
+    if (__isString(aCommandPath) && __isString(argArray)){
+	struct dsc$descriptor_s cmddsc, clidsc, in_mbxdsc, out_mbxdsc;
+	int status;
+	static struct Vstring in_mbxname, out_mbxname;
+	int in_channel, out_channel;
+	int flags;
+	struct procInfo *pInfo;
+	char *cli = (char *)0;
+	extern void __vms_ASTChildWithInfo();
+	int l;
+
+	if (__isSmallInteger(channelIn)) {
+	    in_channel = __intVal(channelIn);
+	} else {
+	    in_channel = 0;
+	}
+	if (__isSmallInteger(channelOut)) {
+	    out_channel = __intVal(channelOut);
+	} else {
+	    out_channel = 0;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * generate command line & cli line
+	 */
+	if (aCommandPath && ((l = __stringSize(__stringVal(aCommandPath))) > 0)) {
+	    if (l < (sizeof(cliBuffer)-1)) {
+		strncpy(cliBuffer, __stringVal(aCommandPath), l);
+		cliBuffer[l] = '\0';
+	    } else {
+		cliBuffer[0] = '\0';
+	    }
+	    if (cliBuffer[0]) {
+		cli = cliBuffer;
+	    }
+	}
+	strcpy( fullCmdLine, __stringVal(argArray) );
+#ifdef PROCESSDEBUG
+	printf("DCL command: <%s>\n", fullCmdLine);
+#endif
+
+	/*
+	 * get the mailBox names for in & out
+	 */
+	if (__isString(mbxName_in)) {
+	    strcpy(in_mbxname.body, __stringVal(mbxName_in));
+	    in_mbxname.length = strlen(__stringVal(mbxName_in));
+
+#ifdef PROCESSDEBUG
+	    printf("DCL input: <%s>\n", __stringVal(mbxName_in));
+#endif
+	    /* Build descriptors for in & out */
+	    in_mbxdsc.dsc$w_length  = in_mbxname.length;
+	    in_mbxdsc.dsc$b_dtype   = DSC$K_DTYPE_T;
+	    in_mbxdsc.dsc$b_class   = DSC$K_CLASS_S;
+	    in_mbxdsc.dsc$a_pointer = in_mbxname.body;
+	}
+	if (__isString(mbxName_out)) {
+	    strcpy(out_mbxname.body, __stringVal(mbxName_out));
+	    out_mbxname.length = __stringSize(__stringVal(mbxName_out));
+
+#ifdef PROCESSDEBUG
+	    printf("DCL output: <%s>\n", __stringVal(mbxName_out));
+#endif
+	    out_mbxdsc.dsc$w_length  = out_mbxname.length;
+	    out_mbxdsc.dsc$b_dtype   = DSC$K_DTYPE_T;
+	    out_mbxdsc.dsc$b_class   = DSC$K_CLASS_S;
+	    out_mbxdsc.dsc$a_pointer = out_mbxname.body;
+	}
+
+	/* 
+	 * Build descriptor for command line
+	 */
+	cmddsc.dsc$w_length  = strlen(fullCmdLine);
+	cmddsc.dsc$b_dtype   = DSC$K_DTYPE_T;
+	cmddsc.dsc$b_class   = DSC$K_CLASS_S;
+	cmddsc.dsc$a_pointer = fullCmdLine;
+
+	/*
+	 * optional cli descriptor
+	 */
+	if (cli) {
+	    clidsc.dsc$w_length  = strlen(cli);
+	    clidsc.dsc$b_dtype   = DSC$K_DTYPE_T;
+	    clidsc.dsc$b_class   = DSC$K_CLASS_S;
+	    clidsc.dsc$a_pointer = cli;
+	}
+
+	flags = CLI$M_NOWAIT;
+
+	if (doFork == true) {
+#ifdef NOTDEF
+	    /* 
+	     * Allocate an event flag to signal process termination
+	     */
+	    status = LIB$GET_EF(&siop->event_flag);
+	    if (status != SS$_NORMAL) {
+		vaxc$errno = status;
+		errno = EVMSERR;
+		if (in_channel) SYS$DASSGN(in_channel);
+		if (out_channel) SYS$DASSGN(out_channel);
+		fprintf(stderr, "OpenVMSOperatingSystem [warning]: LIB$GET_EF failed\n");
+		RETURN (nil);
+	    }
+#endif
+
+	    /*
+	     * get a new procInfo struct
+	     */
+	    {
+		pInfo = procInfoFree;
+		if (pInfo) {
+		    procInfoFree = pInfo->nextProc;
+		} else {
+		    pInfo = (struct procInfo *)malloc(sizeof(struct procInfo));
+		}
+	    }
+
+	    pInfo->finished = 0;
+
+	    pInfo->nextProc = procInfoHead;
+	    procInfoHead = pInfo;
+
+#ifdef PROCESSDEBUG
+	    printf("spawn pInfo=%x\n", pInfo);
+#endif
+	    /*
+	     * now, spawn
+	     */
+	    status = LIB$SPAWN(&cmddsc,
+			       (in_channel ? &in_mbxdsc : 0),
+			       (out_channel ? &out_mbxdsc : 0),
+			       &flags,
+			       0,               /* process name */
+			       &(pInfo->pid),
+			       &(pInfo->returnStatus), 
+			       &procEventFlag,
+			       __vms_ASTChildWithInfo,
+			       pInfo,           /* AST argument */
+			       0,               /* prompt */
+			       (cli ? &clidsc : 0)
+			      );
+
+	    if (status != SS$_NORMAL) {
+		procInfoHead = pInfo->nextProc;
+
+		pInfo->nextProc = procInfoFree;
+		procInfoFree = pInfo;
+
+		vaxc$errno = status;
+		errno = EVMSERR;
+		if (in_channel) SYS$DASSGN(in_channel);
+		if (out_channel) SYS$DASSGN(out_channel);
+		fprintf(stderr, "OpenVMSOperatingSystem [warning]: LIB$SPAWN failed: %d\n", status);
+
+		RETURN (nil);
+	    }
+
+#ifdef PROCESSDEBUG
+	    printf("pid = %d\n", pInfo->pid);
+#endif
+	    /*
+	     * got the pid ...
+	     */
+	    RETURN (__MKUINT(pInfo->pid));
+	} else {
+	    /* should never be called that way ... */
+	}
+    }
+
+# endif /* VMS */
+#endif /* UNIX */
+%}.
+    "
+     path-argument not string
+     or argArray not an array/nil
+     or malloc failed
+     or not supported by OS
+    "
+    ^ self primitiveFailed
+
+    "
+     |id|
+
+     id := OpenVMSOperatingSystem fork.
+     id == 0 ifTrue:[
+	'I am the child'.
+	OpenVMSOperatingSystem exec:'/bin/ls' withArguments:#('ls' '/tmp').
+	'not reached'.
+     ]
+    "
+    "
+     |id|
+
+     id := OpenVMSOperatingSystem fork.
+     id == 0 ifTrue:[
+	'I am the child'.
+	OpenVMSOperatingSystem
+	   exec:'/bin/sh'
+	   withArguments:#('sh' '-c' 'sleep 2;echo 1;sleep 2;echo 2').
+	'not reached'.
+     ].
+     id printNL.
+     (Delay forSeconds:3.5) wait.
+     'killing ...' printNL.
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem sendSignal:(OpenVMSOperatingSystem sigTERM) to:id.
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem sendSignal:(OpenVMSOperatingSystem sigKILL) to:id
+    "
+!
+
+exec:aCommandPath withArguments:argArray fileDescriptors:fdArray closeDescriptors:closeFdArray fork:doFork newPgrp:newPgrp inDirectory:aDirectory
+    "Internal lowLevel entry for combined fork & exec for WIN32"
+
+    |path|
+    self isMSWINDOWSlike ifTrue:[
+	aDirectory isNil ifTrue:[
+	  path := nil.
+	] ifFalse:[
+	  path := aDirectory asFilename pathName asFilename osNameForDirectory.
+	  (path endsWith:':') ifTrue:[
+	     path := path , '\'.
+	  ].
+	].
+	^ self primExec:aCommandPath withArguments:argArray fileDescriptors:fdArray closeDescriptors:closeFdArray fork:doFork newPgrp:newPgrp inPath:path
+    ].
+    ^ self primitiveFailed
+
+    "Modified: 31.1.1998 / 10:54:24 / md"
+!
+
+executeCommand:aCommandString inDirectory:aDirectory
+    "much like #executeCommand:, but changes the current directory
+     for the command. Since this is OS specific, use this instead of
+     hardwiring any 'cd ..' command strings into your applictions."
+
+    |tmpComFile cmd ret whatAmI|
+
+    ((whatAmI := self platformName) == #vms) ifTrue:[
+	tmpComFile := OpenVMSOperatingSystem createCOMFileForVMSCommand:aCommandString in:aDirectory.
+	cmd := '@' , tmpComFile osName.
+	[
+	    ret := self executeCommand:cmd.
+	] valueNowOrOnUnwindDo:[
+	    tmpComFile delete.
+	].
+	^ ret
+    ].
+    whatAmI == #win32 ifTrue:[
+     ^ self
+	executeCommand:aCommandString
+	onError:[:status| false]
+	inDirectory:aDirectory
+    ].
+
+    "/ unix - prepend a 'cd' to the command
+
+    cmd := 'cd ' , aDirectory asFilename pathName, '; ' , aCommandString.
+    ^ self executeCommand:cmd
+
+    "Modified: 20.1.1998 / 17:03:03 / md"
+!
+
+executeCommand:aCommandString inputFrom:anExternalInStream outputTo:anExternalOutStream errorTo:anExternalErrStream onError:aBlock
+    "execute the unix command specified by the argument, aCommandString.
+     The commandString is passed to a shell for execution - see the description of
+     'sh -c' in your UNIX manual.
+     Return true if successful.
+     If not successfull, aBlock is called with an OsProcessStatus
+     (containing the exit status) as argument."
+
+    |pid exitStatus sema|
+
+    sema := Semaphore new name:'Unix command wait'.
+
+    pid := Processor 
+		monitor:[
+		    self 
+			startProcess:aCommandString
+			inputFrom:anExternalInStream 
+			outputTo:anExternalOutStream 
+			errorTo:anExternalErrStream.
+		] 
+		action:[:status |
+		    status stillAlive ifFalse:[
+			exitStatus := status.
+			self closePid:pid.
+			sema signal
+		    ].
+		].
+    pid notNil ifTrue:[
+	sema wait.
+    ] ifFalse:[
+	exitStatus := OSProcessStatus processCreationFailure.
+    ].
+
+    exitStatus success ifFalse:[
+	^ aBlock value:exitStatus
+    ].
+    ^ true.
+
+    "Modified: 25.3.1997 / 11:02:02 / stefan"
+    "Modified: 19.4.1997 / 18:15:04 / cg"
+    "Modified: 28.1.1998 / 14:46:36 / md"
+!
+
+executeCommand:aCommandString onError:aBlock
+    "execute the unix command specified by the argument, aCommandString.
+     The commandString is passed to a shell for execution - see the description of
+     'sh -c' in your UNIX manual.
+     Return true if successful.
+     If not successfull, aBlock is called with an OsProcessStatus
+     (containing the exit status) as argument."
+
+    |pid exitStatus sema|
+
+    sema := Semaphore new name:'OS command wait'.
+
+    pid := Processor 
+		monitor:[self startProcess:aCommandString] 
+		action:[:status |
+			status stillAlive ifFalse:[
+			    exitStatus := status.
+			    self closePid:pid.
+			    sema signal
+			].
+		].
+    pid notNil ifTrue:[
+	sema wait.
+    ] ifFalse:[
+	exitStatus := OSProcessStatus processCreationFailure.
+    ].
+
+    exitStatus success ifFalse:[
+	^ aBlock value:exitStatus
+    ].
+    ^ true.
+
+
+    "
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem executeCommand:'sleep 30' onError:[]. 
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem executeCommand:'pwd' onError:[:status|status inspect]. 
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem executeCommand:'ls -l' onError:[]. 
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem executeCommand:'invalidCommand' onError:[:status| status inspect]. 
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem executeCommand:'rm /tmp/foofoofoofoo'onError:[:status | status inspect]. 
+    "
+
+    "Created: 22.12.1995 / 14:49:59 / stefan"
+    "Modified: 25.3.1997 / 11:06:43 / stefan"
+    "Modified: 19.4.1997 / 18:14:41 / cg"
+    "Modified: 28.1.1998 / 14:46:56 / md"
+!
+
+executeCommand:aCommandString onError:aBlock inDirectory:aDirectory
+    "execute the unix command specified by the argument, aCommandString.
+     The commandString is passed to a shell for execution - see the description of
+     'sh -c' in your UNIX manual.
+     Return true if successful.
+     If not successfull, aBlock is called with an OsProcessStatus
+     (containing the exit status) as argument."
+
+    |pid exitStatus sema|
+
+    sema := Semaphore new name:'OS command wait'.
+
+    pid := Processor
+		monitor:[self startProcess:aCommandString inDirectory:aDirectory]
+		action:[:status |
+			status stillAlive ifFalse:[
+			    exitStatus := status.
+			    self closePid:pid.
+			    sema signal
+			].
+		].
+    pid notNil ifTrue:[
+	sema wait.
+    ] ifFalse:[
+	exitStatus := OSProcessStatus processCreationFailure.
+    ].
+
+    exitStatus success ifFalse:[
+	^ aBlock value:exitStatus
+    ].
+    ^ true.
+
+
+    "
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem executeCommand:'sleep 30' onError:[]. 
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem executeCommand:'pwd' onError:[:status|status inspect]. 
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem executeCommand:'ls -l' onError:[]. 
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem executeCommand:'invalidCommand' onError:[:status| status inspect]. 
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem executeCommand:'rm /tmp/foofoofoofoo'onError:[:status | status inspect]. 
+    "
+
+    "Created: 28.1.1998 / 14:12:15 / md"
+!
+
+fork
+    "fork a new (HEAVY-weight) unix process.
+     Not supported with MSDOS & VMS systems.
+     Dont confuse this with Block>>fork, which creates 
+     lightweight smalltalk processes. This method will return
+     0 to the child process, and a non-zero number (which is the childs
+     unix-process-id) to the parent (original) process.
+
+     In normal situations, you dont need to use this low level entry; see
+     #startProcess: and #executCommand: for higher level interfaces."
+
+%{  /* NOCONTEXT */
+#if !defined(MSDOS_LIKE) && !defined(__VMS__)
+
+    int pid;
+
+    pid = fork();
+    RETURN ( __MKUINT(pid) );
+#endif
+%}.
+    "/
+    "/ not supported by OS
+    "/
+
+    ^ UnsupportedOperationSignal raise
+
+    "
+     |id|
+
+     id := OpenVMSOperatingSystem fork.
+     id == 0 ifTrue:[
+        'I am the child process' printCR.
+        OpenVMSOperatingSystem exit
+     ]
+    "
+!
+
+getStatusOfProcess:aProcessId
+    "wait for a process to terminate and fetch its exit status.
+     This is required to avoid zombie processes."
+
+%{
+#ifndef MSDOS_LIKE
+    int status;
+
+    if (__isSmallInteger(aProcessId)) {
+	pid_t pid = (pid_t)(__intVal(aProcessId));
+	{
+
+# ifdef  NO_WAITPID
+	    pid_t child;
+
+	    do {
+		__BEGIN_INTERRUPTABLE__
+		child = __wait (&status);
+		__END_INTERRUPTABLE__
+		if (child < 0 && errno != EINTR) {
+		    fprintf(stderr, "OS: child-wait errno=%d\n", errno);
+		    status = -1;
+		    break;
+		}
+	    } while (child != pid);
+# else
+	    pid_t child;
+
+	    /* claus: the original did not care for EINTR here ... */
+	    do {
+		__BEGIN_INTERRUPTABLE__
+		child = __waitpid (pid, &status, 0);
+		__END_INTERRUPTABLE__
+	    } while ((child != pid) && (errno == EINTR));
+	    if (child != pid) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "OS: child-waitpid errno=%d\n", errno);
+		status = -1;
+	    }
+# endif /* NO_WAITPID */
+	}
+	RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(status));
+    }
+#endif
+#ifdef WIN32
+    DWORD endStatus;
+    int status = -1;
+
+    if (__isExternalAddress(aProcessId) ) 
+    {
+	HANDLE handle = _HANDLEVal(aProcessId);
+	if (handle)
+	{
+	    endStatus = WaitForSingleObject(handle , INFINITE );
+	    if ( endStatus != WAIT_TIMEOUT ) 
+	    {
+		if (GetExitCodeProcess(handle,&endStatus))
+		{
+		     status = endStatus;
+		}
+	    }
+	}
+	RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(status));
+    }
+#endif
+%}.
+    self primitiveFailed
+
+!
+
+getVMSSymbol:aSymbolString
+    "get a symbols value, or nil if there is none"
+
+    |p l i1 i2|
+
+    p := PipeStream readingFrom:'sho sym ' , aSymbolString.
+    p notNil ifTrue:[
+	l := p nextLIne.
+	p close.
+    ].
+    l notNil ifTrue:[
+	i1 := l indexOf:$".
+	i1 ~~ 0 ifTrue:[
+	    i2 := l lastIndexOf:$".
+	    (i2 ~~ 0 and:[i2 > i1]) ifTrue:[
+		^ l copyFrom:i1+1 to:i2-1
+	    ]
+	].
+    ].
+    ^ nil
+!
+
+pathOfCommand:aCommand
+    "find where aCommand's executable file is;
+     return its full pathName if there is such a command, otherwise
+     return nil."
+
+    |path f fExt|
+
+    aCommand asFilename isAbsolute ifTrue:[
+	^ aCommand
+    ].
+
+    self isVMSlike ifTrue:[
+	(self getVMSSymbol:aCommand) notNil ifTrue:[
+	    ^ aCommand
+	].
+	^ nil
+    ].
+
+    path := self getEnvironment:'PATH'.
+    path notNil ifTrue:[
+	(path asCollectionOfSubstringsSeparatedBy:(self pathSeparator)) do:[:path |
+	    path isEmpty ifTrue:[
+		f := aCommand asFilename
+	    ] ifFalse:[
+		f := path asFilename construct:aCommand.
+	    ].
+	    self executableFileExtensions do:[:ext |
+		ext notEmpty ifTrue:[
+		    fExt := (f pathName , ext) asFilename.
+		] ifFalse:[
+		    fExt := f.
+		].
+		fExt isExecutable ifTrue:[
+		    ^ fExt pathName
+		].
+	    ].
+	].
+    ].
+    ^ nil
+
+    "unix:
+
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem pathOfCommand:'fooBar'  
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem pathOfCommand:'ls'    
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem pathOfCommand:'cvs'   
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem pathOfCommand:'stx'   
+    "
+    "windows:
+
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem pathOfCommand:'windbg'
+    "
+
+    "Modified: 24.7.1997 / 17:19:04 / cg"
+!
+
+primExec:aCommandPath withArguments:argArray fileDescriptors:fdArray closeDescriptors:closeFdArray fork:doFork newPgrp:newPgrp inPath:dirName
+    "Internal lowLevel entry for combined fork & exec for WIN32"
+%{  /* UNLIMITEDSTACK(WIN32) */
+#  ifdef WIN32
+    /*
+     * if fork is false, chain to another command (not yet supported)
+     * otherwise, spawn a subprocess and let it execute the command.
+     * Currently, only the forking version is supported (who chains anyway ?)
+     */
+    char fullCmdLine[1024];
+    char fullDirName[1024];
+    char *dir = 0;
+    DWORD               fdwCreate = 0;
+    STARTUPINFO         lpsiStartInfo;
+    PROCESS_INFORMATION lppiProcInfo;
+    SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES process, thread;
+
+    if (__isString(dirName))
+    {
+	strcpy( fullDirName, __stringVal(dirName) );
+	dir = fullDirName;
+    }
+    if (__isString(aCommandPath) && __isString(argArray)){
+	/*
+	 * generate command line (cmd plus args)
+	 */
+	strcpy( fullCmdLine, __stringVal(aCommandPath) );
+	strcat( fullCmdLine, " ");
+	strcat( fullCmdLine, __stringVal(argArray) );
+
+	/*
+	 * create descriptors as req'd
+	 */
+	process.nLength = sizeof( process );
+	process.lpSecurityDescriptor = NULL;
+	process.bInheritHandle = TRUE;
+
+	thread.nLength = sizeof( thread );
+	thread.lpSecurityDescriptor = NULL;
+	thread.bInheritHandle = TRUE;
+
+	lpsiStartInfo.cb                = sizeof(PROCESS_INFORMATION);
+	lpsiStartInfo.lpReserved        = NULL;
+	lpsiStartInfo.lpDesktop         = NULL;
+	lpsiStartInfo.lpTitle           = NULL;
+	lpsiStartInfo.dwX               = 0;
+	lpsiStartInfo.dwY               = 0;
+	lpsiStartInfo.dwXSize           = 100;
+	lpsiStartInfo.dwYSize           = 100;
+	lpsiStartInfo.dwXCountChars     = 0;
+	lpsiStartInfo.dwYCountChars     = 0;
+	lpsiStartInfo.dwFillAttribute   = 0;
+	lpsiStartInfo.dwFlags           = STARTF_USESTDHANDLES /*| STARTF_USEPOSITION*/;
+	lpsiStartInfo.wShowWindow       = 0;
+	lpsiStartInfo.cbReserved2       = 0;
+	lpsiStartInfo.lpReserved2       = NULL;
+	lpsiStartInfo.hStdInput         = NULL;
+	lpsiStartInfo.hStdOutput        = NULL;
+	lpsiStartInfo.hStdError         = NULL;
+
+	/* set create process flags */
+	fdwCreate = NORMAL_PRIORITY_CLASS;
+	if( newPgrp == true ) {
+	    fdwCreate |= CREATE_NEW_PROCESS_GROUP;
+	}
+
+	if( ( fdArray != nil )
+	 && __isArray(fdArray)
+	 && ( __arraySize(fdArray) == 3 ) )
+	{
+	    HANDLE self = GetCurrentProcess ();
+	    if (__isExternalAddress(__ArrayInstPtr(fdArray)->a_element[0]) )
+	    {
+		lpsiStartInfo.hStdInput  = _HANDLEVal(__ArrayInstPtr(fdArray)->a_element[0]);
+	    }
+	    else
+	    {
+		lpsiStartInfo.hStdInput = (HANDLE) _get_osfhandle (__intVal(__ArrayInstPtr(fdArray)->a_element[0]));
+#ifdef PROCESSDEBUGWIN32
+		printf("stdin %x\n",lpsiStartInfo.hStdInput);
+#endif
+	    }
+	    if (__isExternalAddress(__ArrayInstPtr(fdArray)->a_element[1]) ) {
+		lpsiStartInfo.hStdOutput = _HANDLEVal(__ArrayInstPtr(fdArray)->a_element[1]);
+	    }
+	    else
+	    {
+		lpsiStartInfo.hStdOutput = (HANDLE) _get_osfhandle (__intVal(__ArrayInstPtr(fdArray)->a_element[1]));
+#ifdef PROCESSDEBUGWIN32
+		printf("stdout %x\n",lpsiStartInfo.hStdOutput);
+#endif
+	    }
+	    if (__isExternalAddress(__ArrayInstPtr(fdArray)->a_element[2]) ) {
+		lpsiStartInfo.hStdError  = _HANDLEVal(__ArrayInstPtr(fdArray)->a_element[2]);
+	    }
+	    else
+	    {
+		lpsiStartInfo.hStdError = (HANDLE) _get_osfhandle (__intVal(__ArrayInstPtr(fdArray)->a_element[2]));
+#ifdef PROCESSDEBUGWIN32
+		printf("stderr %x\n",lpsiStartInfo.hStdError);
+#endif
+	    }
+	}
+
+/*
+	printf( "forking\n" );
+*/
+
+	if (doFork == true)
+	{
+#ifdef PROCESSDEBUGWIN32
+	    /*int i = *(int*)0xfffffffff;*/
+	    printf( "create process %s in %s\n", fullCmdLine,dir);
+
+#endif
+	    if( CreateProcess(  NULL,
+				fullCmdLine,
+				&process,&thread,
+				TRUE,
+				fdwCreate,
+				NULL,
+				dir,
+				&lpsiStartInfo,
+				&lppiProcInfo ) )
+	    {
+		/*id = lppiProcInfo.dwProcessId;*/
+		CloseHandle(lppiProcInfo.hThread);
+#ifdef PROCESSDEBUGWIN32
+		printf( "created process hProcess=%x\n", lppiProcInfo.hProcess);
+#endif
+		RETURN (__MKEXTERNALADDRESS(lppiProcInfo.hProcess));
+	    }
+	    RETURN (nil);
+	} else {
+	    ; /* should never be called that way */
+	}
+    }
+#  endif /* WIN32 */
+%}.
+    "
+     path-argument not string
+     or argArray not an array/nil
+     or malloc failed
+     or not supported by OS
+    "
+    ^ self primitiveFailed
+!
+
+startProcess:aCommandString inputFrom:anExternalInStream outputTo:anExternalOutStream errorTo:anExternalErrStream
+    "start executing the OS command as specified by the argument, aCommandString
+     as a separate process; do not wait for the command to finish.
+     The commandString is passed to a shell for execution - see the description of
+     'sh -c' in your UNIX manual ('cmd.com' in your MSDOS manual).
+     The command gets stdIn, stdOut and stdErr assigned from the arguments;
+     each may be nil.
+     Return the processId if successful, nil otherwise.
+     Use #monitorPid:action: for synchronization and exec status return,
+     or #killProcess: to stop it."
+
+    |in out err shellAndArgs|
+
+    anExternalInStream notNil ifTrue:[
+	in := anExternalInStream fileDescriptor.
+    ] ifFalse:[
+	self isUNIXlike ifTrue:[
+	    in := '/dev/null' asFilename readStream fileDescriptor
+	]
+    ].
+    anExternalOutStream notNil ifTrue:[
+	out := anExternalOutStream fileDescriptor.
+    ].
+    anExternalErrStream notNil ifTrue:[
+	err := anExternalErrStream fileDescriptor.
+    ].
+
+    shellAndArgs := self commandAndArgsForOSCommand:aCommandString.
+    ^ self
+	exec:(shellAndArgs at:1)
+	withArguments:(shellAndArgs at:2)
+	fileDescriptors:(Array with:in with:out with:err)
+	closeDescriptors:nil
+	fork:true
+	newPgrp:false.
+
+    "blocking at current prio (i.e. only higher prio threads execute):
+
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem executeCommand:'ls -l > out'.
+    "
+
+    "non-blocking (lower prio threads continue):
+
+     |in out err pid sema|
+
+     in := 'out' asFilename readStream.
+     out := 'out2' asFilename writeStream.
+     err := 'err' asFilename writeStream.
+
+     sema := Semaphore new.
+     pid := OpenVMSOperatingSystem startProcess:'sleep 10; grep drw' inputFrom:in outputTo:out errorTo:err.
+
+     The following will no longer work. monitorPid has disappeared 
+
+     pid notNil ifTrue:[
+	 Processor monitorPid:pid action:[:OSstatus | sema signal ].
+     ].
+     in close.
+     out close.
+     err close.
+     sema wait.
+     Transcript showCR:'finished'
+    "
+
+    "Created: 29.2.1996 / 12:31:29 / cg"
+    "Modified: 21.3.1997 / 10:04:35 / dq"
+    "Modified: 2.5.1997 / 12:18:20 / cg"
+    "Modified: 15.7.1997 / 16:03:51 / stefan"
+! !
+
+!OpenVMSOperatingSystem class methodsFor:'file access'!
+
+closeFd:anInteger
+    "low level close of a filedescriptor"
+
+%{
+#if !defined(transputer) && !defined(MSDOS_LIKE)
+     if (__isSmallInteger(anInteger)) {
+	close(__intVal(anInteger));
+	RETURN(self);
+     }
+#else
+# if defined(MSDOS_LIKE)
+     if (__isExternalAddress(anInteger) )
+     {
+	if( !CloseHandle( anInteger ) )
+	{
+	    fprintf( stderr, "Could not close handle : %d\n", anInteger);
+	}
+	RETURN(self);
+     }
+     else if (__isSmallInteger(anInteger)) {
+	close(__intVal(anInteger));
+	RETURN(self);
+     }
+# endif
+#endif
+%}.
+     ^ self primitiveFailed.
+!
+
+createDirectory:aPathName
+    "create a new directory with name 'aPathName', which may be an absolute
+     path, or relative to the current directory.
+     Return true if successful (or the directory existed already), false if failed.
+     This is a low-level entry - use Filename protocol for compatibility."
+
+    "/ if it already exists this is ok
+
+    (self isDirectory:aPathName) ifTrue:[^ true].
+
+%{
+    if (__isString(aPathName)) {
+	int ret;
+
+#if defined(MSDOS_LIKE)
+	SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES sa;
+
+	sa.nLength = sizeof( sa );
+	sa.lpSecurityDescriptor = NULL;
+	sa.bInheritHandle = TRUE;
+
+	ret = CreateDirectory(__stringVal(aPathName), &sa);
+	if (ret != TRUE) {
+	    @global(LastErrorNumber) = __MKSMALLINT(WIN32_ERR(GetLastError()));
+	    RETURN (false);
+	}
+	RETURN (true);
+#else
+	ret = mkdir(__stringVal(aPathName), 0755);
+	if (ret < 0) {
+	    @global(LastErrorNumber) = __MKSMALLINT(errno);
+	    RETURN (false);
+	}
+	RETURN (true);
+#endif
+      }
+%}.
+
+"/    self isUNIXlike ifTrue:[
+"/      ^ self executeCommand:('mkdir 2>/dev/null ', newPathName)
+"/    ].
+"/    ^ self executeCommand:('mkdir ', newPathName)
+
+    self primitiveFailed
+
+    "
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem createDirectory:'foo'  
+    "
+
+    "Modified: 20.12.1995 / 11:24:13 / stefan"
+    "Modified: 29.6.1996 / 14:06:54 / cg"
+!
+
+linkFile:oldPath to:newPath
+    "link the file 'oldPath' to 'newPath'. The link will be a hard link.
+     Return true if successful, false if not."
+
+%{
+#if !defined(MSDOS_LIKE) && !defined(__VMS__)
+    int ret;
+
+    if (__isString(oldPath) && __isString(newPath)) {
+	__BEGIN_INTERRUPTABLE__
+	do {
+	    ret = link((char *) __stringVal(oldPath), (char *) __stringVal(newPath));
+	} while (ret < 0 && errno == EINTR);
+	__END_INTERRUPTABLE__
+	if (ret < 0) {
+	    @global(LastErrorNumber) = __MKSMALLINT(errno);
+	    RETURN ( false );
+	}
+	RETURN (true);
+    }
+#endif
+%}.
+    (oldPath isString not or:[newPath isString not]) ifTrue:[
+	"/
+	"/ bad argument(s) given
+	"/
+	^ self primitiveFailed 
+    ].
+
+    "/
+    "/ this OpenVMSOperatingSystem does not support links
+    "/
+    ^ UnsupportedOperationSignal raise
+
+    "
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem linkFile:'foo' to:'bar'
+    "
+!
+
+recursiveCopyDirectory:sourcePathName to:destination
+    "copy the directory named 'sourcePathName' and all contained files/directories to 'destination'.
+     Return true if successful."
+
+    self isUNIXlike ifTrue:[
+         ^ self executeCommand:('cp -rf ' , sourcePathName, ' ', destination)
+    ].
+    ^ false
+
+    "Modified: / 4.6.1998 / 04:29:49 / cg"
+!
+
+recursiveRemoveDirectory:fullPathName
+    "remove the directory named 'fullPathName' and all contained files/directories.
+     Return true if successful."
+
+    self isUNIXlike ifTrue:[
+	^ self executeCommand:('rm -rf ' , fullPathName)
+    ].
+    ^ false.
+
+    "
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem recursiveCreateDirectory:'foo/bar/baz'
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem recursiveRemoveDirectory:'foo'
+    "
+
+    "Modified: 7.3.1996 / 15:26:30 / cg"
+!
+
+removeDirectory:fullPathName
+    "remove the directory named 'fullPathName'. 
+     The directory must be empty and you must have appropriate access rights.
+     Return true if successful, false if directory is not empty or no permission.
+     This is a lowLevel entry - use Filename protocol for compatibility."
+
+%{
+    int ret;
+
+    if (__isString(fullPathName)) {
+#if !defined(MSDOS_LIKE) && !defined(__VMS__)
+	__BEGIN_INTERRUPTABLE__
+	do {
+	    ret = rmdir((char *) __stringVal(fullPathName));
+	} while (ret < 0 && errno == EINTR);
+	__END_INTERRUPTABLE__
+	if (ret < 0) {
+	    @global(LastErrorNumber) = __MKSMALLINT(errno);
+	    RETURN ( false );
+	}
+	RETURN (true);
+#else
+# ifdef WIN32
+	ret = RemoveDirectory((char *) __stringVal(fullPathName));
+	if (ret != TRUE) {
+	    @global(LastErrorNumber) = __MKSMALLINT( WIN32_ERR(GetLastError()) );
+	    RETURN (false);
+	}
+	RETURN (true);
+# else
+#  if defined(HAS_REMOVE)
+	__BEGIN_INTERRUPTABLE__
+	do {
+	    errno = 0;
+	    ret = remove((char *) __stringVal(fullPathName));
+	} while (ret < 0 && errno == EINTR);
+	__END_INTERRUPTABLE__
+	if (ret < 0) {
+	    @global(LastErrorNumber) = __MKSMALLINT(errno);
+	    RETURN ( false );
+	}
+	RETURN (true);
+#  endif /* HAS_REMOVE */
+# endif
+#endif
+    }
+%}.
+    "/
+    "/ either not a string argument,
+    "/ or not supported by OS
+    "/
+    ^ self primitiveFailed
+
+    "
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem createDirectory:'foo'
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem removeDirectory:'foo'
+    "
+
+!
+
+removeFile:fullPathName
+    "remove the file named 'fullPathName'; return true if successful.
+     This is a lowLevel entry - use Filename protocol for compatibility."
+
+%{
+    int ret;
+
+    if (__isString(fullPathName)) {
+#if !defined(MSDOS_LIKE) && !defined(__VMS__)
+	__BEGIN_INTERRUPTABLE__
+	do {
+	    ret = unlink((char *) __stringVal(fullPathName));
+	} while (ret < 0 && errno == EINTR);
+	__END_INTERRUPTABLE__
+	if (ret < 0) {
+	    @global(LastErrorNumber) = __MKSMALLINT(errno);
+	    RETURN ( false );
+	}
+	RETURN (true);
+#else
+# if defined(HAS_REMOVE)
+	__BEGIN_INTERRUPTABLE__
+	do {
+	    errno = 0;
+	    ret = remove((char *) __stringVal(fullPathName));
+	} while (ret < 0 && errno == EINTR);
+	__END_INTERRUPTABLE__
+	if (ret < 0) {
+	    @global(LastErrorNumber) = __MKSMALLINT(errno);
+	    RETURN ( false );
+	}
+	RETURN (true);
+# else
+#  ifdef WIN32
+	ret = DeleteFile((char *) __stringVal(fullPathName));
+	if (ret != TRUE) {
+	    @global(LastErrorNumber) = __MKSMALLINT( WIN32_ERR(GetLastError()) );
+	    RETURN (false);
+	}
+	RETURN (true);
+#  endif
+# endif
+#endif
+    }
+%}.
+    ^ self primitiveFailed
+!
+
+renameFile:oldPath to:newPath
+    "rename the file 'oldPath' to 'newPath'. 
+     Someone else has to care for the names to be correct and 
+     correct for the OS used - therefore, this should not be called
+     directlt. Instead, use Filename protocol to rename; this cares for
+     any invalid names.
+     Returns true if successful, false if not"
+
+%{
+    int ret, eno;
+
+    if (__isString(oldPath) && __isString(newPath)) {
+#if defined(HAS_RENAME)
+	__BEGIN_INTERRUPTABLE__
+	do {
+	    ret = rename((char *) __stringVal(oldPath), (char *) __stringVal(newPath));
+	} while (ret < 0 && errno == EINTR);
+	__END_INTERRUPTABLE__
+#else
+# if !defined(MSDOS_LIKE) && !defined(__openVMS__)
+	ret = link((char *) __stringVal(oldPath), (char *) __stringVal(newPath));
+	if (ret >= 0) {
+	    ret = unlink((char *) __stringVal(oldPath));
+	    if (ret < 0) {
+		eno = errno;
+		unlink((char *) __stringVal(newPath));
+		errno = eno;
+	    }
+	}
+# endif
+#endif
+	if (ret < 0) {
+	    @global(LastErrorNumber) = __MKSMALLINT(errno);
+	    RETURN ( false );
+	}
+	RETURN (true);
+    }
+%}.
+    ^ self primitiveFailed
+
+    "
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem renameFile:'foo' to:'bar'
+    "
+!
+
+truncateFile:aPathName to:newSize
+    "change a files size return true on success, false on failure.
+     This may not be supported on all architectures.
+
+     This is a low-level entry - use Filename protocol."
+
+%{
+#ifdef HAS_TRUNCATE
+    int ret;
+
+    if (__isString(aPathName)
+     && __isSmallInteger(newSize)) {
+	__BEGIN_INTERRUPTABLE__
+	do {
+	    ret = truncate((char *) __stringVal(aPathName), __intVal(newSize));
+	} while (ret < 0 && errno == EINTR);
+	__END_INTERRUPTABLE__
+	if (ret < 0) {
+	    @global(LastErrorNumber) = __MKSMALLINT(errno);
+	    RETURN ( false );
+	}
+	RETURN (true);
+    }
+#else
+# ifdef HAS_FTRUNCATE
+    int ret;
+    int fd;
+
+    if (__isString(aPathName)
+     && __isSmallInteger(newSize)) {
+	do {
+	    fd = open((char *) __stringVal(aPathName), 2);
+	} while (fd < 0 && errno == EINTR);
+	if (fd < 0) {
+	    @global(LastErrorNumber) = __MKSMALLINT(errno);
+	    RETURN ( false );
+	}
+        
+	ret = ftruncate(fd, __intVal(newSize));
+	close(fd);
+	if (ret < 0) {
+	    @global(LastErrorNumber) = __MKSMALLINT(errno);
+	    RETURN ( false );
+	} 
+	RETURN (true);
+    }
+# endif /* using FTRUNCATE */
+#endif
+%}.
+    ^ self primitiveFailed
+! !
+
+!OpenVMSOperatingSystem class methodsFor:'file access rights'!
+
+accessMaskFor:aSymbol
+    "return the access bits mask for numbers as returned by 
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem>>accessModeOf:
+     and expected by OpenVMSOperatingSystem>>changeAccessModeOf:to:.
+     Since these numbers are OS dependent, always use the mask
+     (never hardcode 8rxxx into your code)."
+
+%{  /* NOCONTEXT */
+#   ifndef S_IRUSR
+    /* posix systems should define these ... */
+#    define S_IRUSR 0400
+#    define S_IWUSR 0200
+#    define S_IXUSR 0100
+#    define S_IRGRP 0040
+#    define S_IWGRP 0020
+#    define S_IXGRP 0010
+#    define S_IROTH 0004
+#    define S_IWOTH 0002
+#    define S_IXOTH 0001
+
+#   endif
+
+    if (aSymbol == @symbol(readUser)) {
+	RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(S_IRUSR) );
+    }
+    if (aSymbol == @symbol(writeUser)) {
+	RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(S_IWUSR) );
+    }
+    if (aSymbol == @symbol(executeUser)) {
+	RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(S_IXUSR) );
+    }
+    if (aSymbol == @symbol(readGroup)) {
+	RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(S_IRGRP) );
+    }
+    if (aSymbol == @symbol(writeGroup)) {
+	RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(S_IWGRP) );
+    }
+    if (aSymbol == @symbol(executeGroup)) {
+	RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(S_IXGRP) );
+    }
+    if (aSymbol == @symbol(readOthers)) {
+	RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(S_IROTH) );
+    }
+    if (aSymbol == @symbol(writeOthers)) {
+	RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(S_IWOTH) );
+    }
+    if (aSymbol == @symbol(executeOthers)) {
+	RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(S_IXOTH) );
+    }
+%}.
+    ^ self primitiveFailed
+
+    "
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem accessMaskFor:#readUser
+    "
+!
+
+accessModeOf:aPathName
+    "return a number representing access rights rwxrwxrwx for owner,
+     group and others. Return nil if such a file does not exist.
+     Notice that the returned number is OS dependent - use the 
+     modeMasks as returned by OpenVMSOperatingSystem>>accessMaskFor:"
+
+    "
+     this could have been implemented as:
+	(self infoOf:aPathName) at:#mode
+     but for huge directory searches the code below is faster
+    "
+
+%{
+    struct stat buf;
+    int ret;
+
+    if (__isString(aPathName)) {
+# ifdef TRACE_STAT_CALLS
+	printf("stat on '%s' for accessMode\n", __stringVal(aPathName));
+# endif
+	__BEGIN_INTERRUPTABLE__
+	do {
+	    ret = stat((char *) __stringVal(aPathName), &buf);
+	} while ((ret < 0) && (errno == EINTR));
+	__END_INTERRUPTABLE__
+
+	if (ret < 0) {
+	    @global(LastErrorNumber) = __MKSMALLINT(errno);
+	    RETURN ( nil );
+	}
+	RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(buf.st_mode & 0777) );
+    }
+%}.
+   ^ self primitiveFailed
+
+   "
+    (OpenVMSOperatingSystem accessModeOf:'/') printStringRadix:8
+   "
+!
+
+changeAccessModeOf:aPathName to:modeBits
+    "change the access rights of aPathName to the OS dependent modeBits.
+     You should construct this mask using accessMaskFor, to be OS
+     independent. Return true if changed, 
+     false if such a file does not exist or change was not allowd."
+
+%{
+    int ret;
+
+    if (__isString(aPathName) && __isSmallInteger(modeBits)) {
+	__BEGIN_INTERRUPTABLE__
+	do {
+	    ret = chmod((char *)__stringVal(aPathName), __intVal(modeBits));
+	} while (ret < 0 && errno == EINTR);
+	__END_INTERRUPTABLE__
+	if (ret < 0) {
+	    @global(LastErrorNumber) = __MKSMALLINT(errno);
+	    RETURN ( false );
+	}
+	RETURN ( true );
+    }
+%}.
+    ^ self primitiveFailed
+! !
+
+!OpenVMSOperatingSystem class methodsFor:'file locking'!
+
+lockFD:aFileDescriptor shared:isSharedReadLock blocking:blockIfLocked
+   "set a lock on the file represented by aFileDescriptor.
+    (such as returned by ExternalStream>>fileDescriptor).
+    On some systems, only advisory locks are available -
+    these depends on other accessors to also perform the locking operation.
+    If they do not, they may still access the file 
+    (on some systems, locks are mandatory, on others, they are advisory). 
+    The isSharedReadLock argument (if true) specifies if multiple readers
+    are to be allowed - if false, they are not.
+    On some systems, all locks are non-exclusive locks.
+
+    Returns true, if the lock was aquired, false otherwise.
+
+    Notice, that not all OS's support these locks; 
+    on some, this may simply be a no-op.
+    Also notice, that some systems block the process, to wait for the lock.
+    This can (again: on some systems) be avoided by passing a false blockIfLocked
+    argument."
+
+%{
+    if (__isSmallInteger(aFileDescriptor)) {
+	int fd = __intVal(aFileDescriptor);
+	int lockArg;
+
+	/*
+	 * claus: sigh - each one has a different interface ... 
+	 */
+#if defined(F_SETLK)
+	{
+	    /* 
+	     * new fcntl(SETLK) interface;
+	     * available on SYSV4 and Linux
+	     */
+	    struct flock flock;
+
+	    if (isSharedReadLock == true) {
+		flock.l_type = F_RDLCK;
+	    } else {
+		flock.l_type = F_WRLCK;
+	    }
+	    flock.l_whence = 0;
+	    flock.l_start = 0;
+	    flock.l_len = 0;
+	    lockArg = F_SETLK;
+# if defined(F_SETLKW)
+	    if (blockIfLocked == true) {
+		lockArg = F_SETLKW;
+	    }
+# endif
+	    if (fcntl(fd, lockArg, &flock) != -1) {
+		RETURN (true);
+	    }
+	}
+
+#else /* no F_SETLK available */
+
+# if defined(LOCK_EX) && defined(LOCK_UN)
+	/* 
+	 * BSD 4.3 advisory locks
+	 */
+	lockArg = LOCK_EX;
+#  if defined(LOCK_SH)
+	if (isSharedReadLock == true) {
+	    lockArg = LOCK_SH
+	}
+#  endif
+#  if defined(LOCK_NB)
+	if (blockIfLocked == false) {
+	    lockArg |= LOCK_NB;
+	}
+#  endif
+	if (flock(fd, lockArg) != -1) {
+	    RETURN (true);
+	}
+
+# else /* no flock available */
+
+#  if defined(F_LOCK) && defined(F_UNLOCK)
+	/* 
+	 * SYSV3 advisory locks
+	 */
+	if (lockf(fd, F_LOCK, 0) != -1) {
+	    RETURN (true);
+	}
+#  endif
+# endif
+#endif
+    }
+%}.
+    ^ false
+!
+
+supportsFileLinks
+    "return true, if the OS supports file links (hard links).
+     Typically, only unix returns true here."
+
+%{ /* NOCONTEXT */
+#ifdef UNIX_LIKE
+    RETURN (true);
+#endif
+%}.
+    ^ false
+!
+
+supportsFileLocks
+    "return true, if the OS supports file locking"
+
+%{ /* NOCONTEXT */
+#if defined(F_SETLK)
+    RETURN (true);
+#else
+# if defined(LOCK_EX) && defined(LOCK_UN)
+    RETURN (true);
+# else
+#  if defined(F_LOCK) && defined(F_UNLOCK)
+    RETURN (true);
+#  endif
+# endif
+#endif
+%}.
+    ^ false
+
+    "
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem supportsFileLocks
+    "
+!
+
+supportsNonBlockingFileLocks
+    "return true, if the OS supports nonBlocking file locking
+     (i.e. with immediate return instead of waiting for the lock)"
+
+%{ /* NOCONTEXT */
+#if defined(F_SETLK) && defined(F_SETLKW)
+    RETURN (true);
+#else
+# if defined(LOCK_EX) && defined(LOCK_UN) && defined(LOCK_NB)
+    RETURN (true);
+# endif
+#endif
+%}.
+    ^ false
+
+    "
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem supportsNonBlockingFileLocks
+    "
+!
+
+supportsSharedLocks
+    "return true, if the OS supports shared (i.e. multiple reader)
+     file locking."
+
+%{ /* NOCONTEXT */
+#if defined(F_SETLK) && defined(F_RDLCK) && defined(F_WRLCK)
+    RETURN (true);
+#else
+# if defined(LOCK_EX) && defined(LOCK_SH) && defined(LOCK_UN)
+    RETURN (true);
+# endif
+#endif
+%}.
+    ^ false
+
+    "
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem supportsNonBlockingFileLocks
+    "
+!
+
+supportsSymbolicLinks
+    "return true, if the OS supports symbolic links on files/directories.
+     Typically, only Unix returns true here"
+
+%{ /* NOCONTEXT */
+#ifdef UNIX_LIKE
+    RETURN (true);
+#endif
+%}.
+    ^ false
+!
+
+unlockFD:aFileDescriptor
+    "clear a file lock on the file represented by aFileDescriptor,
+     which was previously aquired by #lockFD:.
+     Return false, if the unlock failed 
+     (which may happens when a wrong fd is passed, 
+      no lock was set previously, or the systsem does not support locks).
+     Notice, that not all OS's support file locks; 
+     on some, this may simply be a no-op."
+     
+%{
+    if (__isSmallInteger(aFileDescriptor)) {
+	int fd = __intVal(aFileDescriptor);
+
+	/*
+	 * claus: sigh - each one has a different interface ...
+	 */
+#if defined(F_SETLK)
+	{
+	    /*
+	     * new fcntl(SETLK) interface;
+	     * available on SYSV4 and Linux
+	     */
+	    struct flock flock;
+
+	    flock.l_type = F_UNLCK;
+	    flock.l_whence = 0;
+	    flock.l_start = 0;
+	    flock.l_len = 0;
+	    if (fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &flock) != -1) {
+		RETURN (true);
+	    }
+	}
+
+#else /* no F_SETLK available */
+
+# if defined(LOCK_EX) && defined(LOCK_UN)
+	/*
+	 * BSD 4.3 advisory locks
+	 */
+	if (flock(fd, LOCK_UN) != -1) {
+	    RETURN (true);
+	}
+
+# else /* no flock available */
+
+#  if defined(F_LOCK) && defined(F_UNLOCK)
+	/* 
+	 * SYSV3 advisory locks
+	 */
+	if (lockf(fd, F_UNLOCK, 0) != -1) {
+	    RETURN (true);
+	}
+#  endif
+# endif
+#endif
+    }
+%}.
+    ^ false
+! !
+
+!OpenVMSOperatingSystem class methodsFor:'file queries'!
+
+caseSensitiveFilenames
+    "return true, if the OS has caseSensitive file naming.
+     On MSDOS, this will return false; 
+     on a real OS, we return true."
+
+%{  /* NOCONTEXT */
+#if defined(__VMS__)
+    RETURN (false);
+#endif
+#if defined(MSDOS_LIKE)
+    RETURN (false);
+#endif
+%}.
+    ^ true
+!
+
+compressPath:pathName
+    "return the pathName compressed - that is, remove all ..-entries
+     and . entries. This does not always (in case of symbolic links)
+     return the true pathName and is therefore used as a fallback
+     if realPath and popen failed."
+
+    |names n "{ Class: SmallInteger }" |
+
+    names := pathName 
+		asCollectionOfSubstringsSeparatedBy:self fileSeparator.
+    names := names asOrderedCollection.
+    "
+     cut off initial double-slashes
+    "
+    [names startsWith:#('' '')] whileTrue:[
+	names removeFirst.
+    ].
+    "
+     cut off double-slashes at end
+    "
+    [names endsWith:#('')] whileTrue:[
+	names removeLast.
+    ].
+    "
+     cut off current-dir at beginning
+    "
+    n := names size.
+    [(n >= 2) and:[names startsWith:#('.')]] whileTrue:[
+	names removeFirst.
+	n := n - 1.
+    ].
+
+    "
+     cut off parent-dirs at end
+    "
+    [(n > 2) 
+     and:[(names endsWith:#('..'))
+     and:[((names at:(n - 1)) startsWith:'.') not ]]] whileTrue:[
+	names removeLast; removeLast.
+	n := n - 2.
+    ].
+
+    ^ names asStringWith:self fileSeparator 
+		    from:1
+		    to:n
+		    compressTabs:false final:nil 
+
+    "
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem compressPath:'./..'    
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem compressPath:'/foo/bar/baz/..'  
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem compressPath:'foo/bar/baz/..'  
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem compressPath:'foo/bar/baz/../'  
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem compressPath:'foo/bar/baz/..///' 
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem compressPath:'///foo/bar/baz/..///' 
+    "
+
+    "Modified: 1.11.1996 / 20:13:48 / cg"
+!
+
+fileSeparator
+    "return the character used to separate names in a path.
+     This character differs for MSDOS and other systems,
+     (but those are currently not supported - so this is some
+      preparation for the future)"
+
+    self isMSDOSlike ifTrue:[
+	^ $\
+    ].
+    ^ $/
+!
+
+getDriveList
+    "return a list of volumes in the system. 
+     On unix, no such thing like a volume exists 
+     - there, a syntetic list with root, home & current is returned. 
+     On MSDOS, a list of drive letters is (eventually) returned.
+     On VMS, a list of volumes is (eventually) returned."
+
+    |list|
+
+    list := OrderedCollection new.
+%{
+#ifdef MSDOS_LIKE
+    /*
+     * add drive letters as strings to list ...
+     */
+    char buffer[1024];
+    char *cp;
+
+    GetLogicalDriveStrings(1023, buffer);
+    for (cp=buffer; *cp; ) {
+      __SSEND1(list, @symbol(add:), 0, __MKSTRING(cp));
+      cp += strlen(cp) + 1;
+    }
+
+    RETURN (list);
+#endif
+#if defined(__VMS__)
+    /*
+     * add volume names to list ...
+     */
+    RETURN (list);
+#endif
+%}.
+    "/
+    "/ default: retrurn array filled with
+    "/ root, home and current directories.
+    "/
+    ^ Array 
+	with:'/'
+	with:(self getHomeDirectory)
+	with:(Filename currentDirectory pathName)
+!
+
+infoOf:aPathName
+    "return some object filled with info for the file 'aPathName';
+     the info (for which corresponding access methods are understood by
+     the returned object) is:
+	 type            - a symbol giving the files type
+	 mode            - numeric access mode 
+	 uid             - owners user id
+	 gid             - owners group id
+	 size            - files size
+	 id              - files number (i.e. inode number)
+	 accessed        - last access time (as Timestamp)
+	 modified        - last modification time (as Timestamp)
+	 statusChanged   - last status change time (as Timestamp)
+	 alternativeName - (windows only: the MSDOS name of the file)
+
+     Some of the fields may be returned as nil on systems which do not provide
+     all of the information.
+     Return nil if such a file does not exist. 
+     For symbolic links (if supported by the OS), 
+     the info of the pointed-to-file (i.e. the target) is returned;
+     use #linkInfoOf: to get info about the link itself.
+    "
+
+    |info type mode uid gid size id 
+     atime mtime ctime 
+     aOStime mOStime cOStime
+     aYr aMon aDay aHr aMin aSec aMS
+     mYr mMon mDay mHr mMin mSec mMS
+     cYr cMon cDay cHr cMin cSec cMS
+     name2 
+     recordFormat recordAttribs fixedHeaderSize recordSize
+     recordFormatNumeric|
+
+%{
+    struct stat buf;
+    int ret;
+    char nameBuffer[15];
+    unsigned INT ino;
+
+    if (__isString(aPathName)) {
+#ifdef WIN32
+	HANDLE hFile;
+	SYSTEMTIME creationTime;
+	SYSTEMTIME accessTime;
+	SYSTEMTIME modificationTime;
+	int modeBits = 0;
+	WIN32_FIND_DATA findStruct;
+
+	hFile = FindFirstFile(__stringVal(aPathName), &findStruct);
+	if (! hFile) {
+	    @global(LastErrorNumber) = __MKSMALLINT(WIN32_ERR(GetLastError()));
+	    RETURN (nil);
+	}
+	FindClose(hFile);
+
+	id = __MKSMALLINT(0);   /* could get it by opening ... */
+	size = __MKLARGEINT64(1, findStruct.nFileSizeLow, findStruct.nFileSizeHigh);
+
+	bcopy(findStruct.cAlternateFileName, nameBuffer, 14);
+	nameBuffer[14] = '\0';
+	name2 = __MKSTRING(nameBuffer); /* DOS name */
+
+	/*
+	 * simulate access bits
+	 */
+	if (findStruct.dwFileAttributes & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY) {
+	    modeBits = 0444;
+	} else {
+	    modeBits = 0666;
+	}
+
+	if (findStruct.dwFileAttributes & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY) {
+	    type = @symbol(directory);
+	    modeBits |= 0111;   /* executable */
+	} else {
+	    type = @symbol(regular);
+	}
+
+	mode = __MKSMALLINT(modeBits);
+
+	/*
+	 * sigh - convert from stupid time to useful time
+	 */
+	FileTimeToSystemTime(&(findStruct.ftCreationTime), &creationTime);
+	FileTimeToSystemTime(&(findStruct.ftLastAccessTime), &accessTime);
+	FileTimeToSystemTime(&(findStruct.ftLastWriteTime), &modificationTime);
+	aYr  = __MKSMALLINT(accessTime.wYear);
+	aMon = __MKSMALLINT(accessTime.wMonth);
+	aDay = __MKSMALLINT(accessTime.wDay);
+	aHr  = __MKSMALLINT(accessTime.wHour);
+	aMin = __MKSMALLINT(accessTime.wMinute);
+	aSec = __MKSMALLINT(accessTime.wSecond);
+	aMS  = __MKSMALLINT(accessTime.wMilliseconds);
+
+	mYr  = __MKSMALLINT(modificationTime.wYear);
+	mMon = __MKSMALLINT(modificationTime.wMonth);
+	mDay = __MKSMALLINT(modificationTime.wDay);
+	mHr  = __MKSMALLINT(modificationTime.wHour);
+	mMin = __MKSMALLINT(modificationTime.wMinute);
+	mSec = __MKSMALLINT(modificationTime.wSecond);
+	mMS  = __MKSMALLINT(modificationTime.wMilliseconds);
+
+	cYr  = __MKSMALLINT(creationTime.wYear);
+	cMon = __MKSMALLINT(creationTime.wMonth);
+	cDay = __MKSMALLINT(creationTime.wDay);
+	cHr  = __MKSMALLINT(creationTime.wHour);
+	cMin = __MKSMALLINT(creationTime.wMinute);
+	cSec = __MKSMALLINT(creationTime.wSecond);
+	cMS  = __MKSMALLINT(creationTime.wMilliseconds);
+#else /* not WIN32 */
+# ifdef TRACE_STAT_CALLS
+	printf("stat on '%s' for info\n", __stringVal(aPathName));
+# endif
+	__BEGIN_INTERRUPTABLE__
+	do {
+	    ret = stat((char *) __stringVal(aPathName), &buf);
+	} while ((ret < 0) && (errno == EINTR));
+	__END_INTERRUPTABLE__
+
+	if (ret < 0) {
+	    @global(LastErrorNumber) = __MKSMALLINT(errno);
+	    RETURN ( nil );
+	}
+	switch (buf.st_mode & S_IFMT) {
+	    case S_IFDIR:
+		type = @symbol(directory);
+		break;
+
+	    case S_IFREG:
+		type = @symbol(regular);
+		break;
+# ifdef S_IFCHR
+	    case S_IFCHR:
+		type = @symbol(characterSpecial);
+		break;
+# endif
+# ifdef S_IFBLK
+	    case S_IFBLK:
+		type = @symbol(blockSpecial);
+		break;
+# endif
+# ifdef S_IFMPC
+	    case S_IFMPC:
+		type = @symbol(multiplexedCharacterSpecial);
+		break;
+# endif
+# ifdef S_IFMPB
+	    case S_IFMPB:
+		type = @symbol(multiplexedBlockSpecial);
+		break;
+# endif
+# ifdef S_IFLNK
+	    case S_IFLNK:
+		type = @symbol(symbolicLink);
+		break;
+# endif
+# ifdef S_IFSOCK
+	    case S_IFSOCK:
+		type = @symbol(socket);
+		break;
+# endif
+# ifdef S_IFIFO
+	    case S_IFIFO:
+		type = @symbol(fifo);
+		break;
+# endif
+	    default:
+		type = @symbol(unknown);
+		break;
+	}
+
+# ifdef __openVMS__
+#  ifndef _POSIX_C_SOURCE
+	switch (buf.st_fab_rfm) {
+	    case FAB$C_UDF:
+		/* undefined (also stream binary)   */
+		recordFormat = @symbol(streamBinary);
+		break;
+	    case FAB$C_FIX:
+		/* fixed length records             */
+		recordFormat = @symbol(fixedRecord);
+		break;
+	    case FAB$C_VAR:
+		/* variable length records          */
+		recordFormat = @symbol(variableRecord);
+		break;
+	    case FAB$C_VFC:
+		/* variable fixed control           */
+		recordFormat = @symbol(variableFixedControl);
+		break;
+	    case FAB$C_STM:
+		/* RMS-11 stream (valid only for sequen> */
+		recordFormat = @symbol(streamRMS11);
+		break;
+	    case FAB$C_STMLF:
+		/* LF stream (valid only for sequential> */
+		recordFormat = @symbol(streamLF);
+		break;
+	    case FAB$C_STMCR:
+		/* CR stream (valid only for sequential> */
+		recordFormat = @symbol(streamCR);
+		break;
+	    default:
+		recordFormat = @symbol(unknown);
+		break;
+	}
+
+	recordFormatNumeric = __MKSMALLINT(buf.st_fab_rfm);
+	recordAttribs = __MKSMALLINT(buf.st_fab_rat);
+	fixedHeaderSize = __MKSMALLINT(buf.st_fab_fsz);
+	recordSize = __MKSMALLINT(buf.st_fab_mrs);
+#  endif /* _POSIX_C_SOURCE */
+
+#  ifdef alpha64
+	ino = buf.st_ino[2];
+	ino = (ino << 16) + buf.st_ino[1];
+	ino = (ino << 16) + buf.st_ino[0];
+	id = __MKUINT(ino);
+#  else
+	{
+	    unsigned int inoHi, inoLow;
+
+	    inoHi = buf.st_ino[2];
+	    inoLow = buf.st_ino[1];
+	    inoLow = (inoLow << 16) + buf.st_ino[0];
+	    id = __MKLARGEINT64(1, inoLow, inoHi);
+	}
+#  endif
+# else /* not VMS */
+	ino = buf.st_ino;
+	id = __MKUINT(ino);
+# endif
+
+	mode = __MKSMALLINT(buf.st_mode & 0777);
+	uid = __MKSMALLINT(buf.st_uid);
+	gid = __MKSMALLINT(buf.st_gid);
+	size = __MKUINT(buf.st_size);
+	aOStime = __MKUINT(buf.st_atime);
+	mOStime = __MKUINT(buf.st_mtime);
+	cOStime = __MKUINT(buf.st_ctime);
+#endif /* no WIN32 */
+    }
+%}.
+    mode notNil ifTrue:[
+	aOStime notNil ifTrue:[
+	    atime := AbsoluteTime fromOSTime:(aOStime * 1000).
+	    mtime := AbsoluteTime fromOSTime:(mOStime * 1000).
+	    ctime := AbsoluteTime fromOSTime:(cOStime * 1000).
+	] ifFalse:[
+	    atime := AbsoluteTime day:aDay month:aMon year:aYr hour:aHr minutes:aMin seconds:aSec milliseconds:aMS.
+	    mtime := AbsoluteTime day:mDay month:mMon year:mYr hour:mHr minutes:mMin seconds:mSec milliseconds:mMS.
+	    ctime := AbsoluteTime day:cDay month:cMon year:cYr hour:cHr minutes:cMin seconds:cSec milliseconds:cMS.
+	].
+
+	info := FileStatusInfo
+		    type:type 
+		    mode:mode 
+		    uid:uid 
+		    gid:gid 
+		    size:size 
+		    id:id 
+		    accessed:atime 
+		    modified:mtime 
+		    statusChanged:ctime
+		    path:nil
+		    alternativeName:name2.
+
+	recordFormat notNil ifTrue:[
+	    "/ additional VMS info
+	    info
+		recordFormat:recordFormat
+		recordFormatNumeric:recordFormatNumeric
+		recordAttributes:recordAttribs
+		fixedHeaderSize:fixedHeaderSize
+		recordSize:recordSize
+	].
+	^ info
+   ].
+   ^ self primitiveFailed
+
+   "
+    OpenVMSOperatingSystem infoOf:'/'
+    (OpenVMSOperatingSystem infoOf:'/') uid
+    (OpenVMSOperatingSystem infoOf:'/') accessed
+   "
+!
+
+isDirectory:aPathName
+    "return true, if 'aPathName' is a valid directory path name.
+     (i.e. exists and is a directory).
+     This also returns true for symbolic links pointing to a directory;
+     if you need to check for this, use #linkInfo:."
+
+%{
+    int ret;
+
+    if (__isString(aPathName)) {
+#ifdef WIN32
+	ret = GetFileAttributes((char *) __stringVal(aPathName));
+	if (ret == -1) {
+	    @global(LastErrorNumber) = __MKSMALLINT(WIN32_ERR(GetLastError()));
+	    RETURN ( false );
+	}
+	RETURN ( (ret & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY) ? true : false);
+#else
+	struct stat buf;
+
+# ifdef TRACE_STAT_CALLS
+	printf("stat on '%s' for isDirectory\n", __stringVal(aPathName));
+# endif
+	__BEGIN_INTERRUPTABLE__
+	do {
+	    ret = stat((char *) __stringVal(aPathName), &buf);
+	} while ((ret < 0) && (errno == EINTR));
+	__END_INTERRUPTABLE__
+	if (ret < 0) {
+	    @global(LastErrorNumber) = __MKSMALLINT(errno);
+	    RETURN ( false );
+	}
+	RETURN ( ((buf.st_mode & S_IFMT) == S_IFDIR) ? true : false);
+#endif
+    }
+%}.
+    ^ self primitiveFailed
+
+    "an alternative implementation would be:
+	^ (self infoOf:aPathName) type == #directory
+    "
+!
+
+isExecutable:aPathName
+    "return true, if the given file is executable.
+     For symbolic links, the pointed-to-file is checked."
+
+%{
+    int ret;
+
+    if (__isString(aPathName)) {
+# ifdef TRACE_ACCESS_CALLS
+	printf("access on '%s' for executable\n", __stringVal(aPathName));
+# endif
+	__BEGIN_INTERRUPTABLE__
+	do {
+	    ret = access(__stringVal(aPathName), X_OK);
+	} while ((ret < 0) && (errno == EINTR));
+	__END_INTERRUPTABLE__
+	if (ret < 0) {
+	    @global(LastErrorNumber) = __MKSMALLINT(errno);
+	}
+	RETURN ( ((ret == 0) ? true : false) );
+    }
+%}.
+    ^ self primitiveFailed
+!
+
+isReadable:aPathName
+    "return true, if the file/dir 'aPathName' is readable.
+     For symbolic links, the pointed-to-file is checked."
+
+%{
+    int ret;
+
+    if (__isString(aPathName)) {
+# ifdef TRACE_ACCESS_CALLS
+	printf("access on '%s' for readable\n", __stringVal(aPathName));
+# endif
+	__BEGIN_INTERRUPTABLE__
+	do {
+	    ret = access(__stringVal(aPathName), R_OK);
+	} while ((ret < 0) && (errno == EINTR));
+	__END_INTERRUPTABLE__
+	if (ret < 0) {
+	    @global(LastErrorNumber) = __MKSMALLINT(errno);
+	}
+	RETURN ( ((ret == 0) ? true : false) );
+    }
+%}.
+    ^ self primitiveFailed
+!
+
+isSymbolicLink:aPathName
+    "return true, if the given file is a symbolic link"
+
+    ^ (self linkInfoOf:aPathName) notNil
+
+    "
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem isSymbolicLink:'Make.proto'
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem isSymbolicLink:'Makefile' 
+    "
+!
+
+isValidPath:aPathName
+    "return true, if 'aPathName' is a valid path name
+     (i.e. the file or directory exists)"
+
+%{
+    struct stat buf;
+    int ret;
+
+    if (__isString(aPathName) || __isSymbol(aPathName) ) {
+#ifdef WIN32
+	ret = GetFileAttributes((char *) __stringVal(aPathName));
+	if (ret == -1) {
+	    RETURN ( false );
+	}
+	RETURN (true);
+#else
+# ifdef TRACE_STAT_CALLS
+	printf("stat on '%s' for isValidPath\n", __stringVal(aPathName));
+# endif
+	__BEGIN_INTERRUPTABLE__
+	do {
+	    ret = stat((char *) __stringVal(aPathName), &buf);
+	} while ((ret < 0) && (errno == EINTR));
+	__END_INTERRUPTABLE__
+	if (ret < 0) {
+	    @global(LastErrorNumber) = __MKSMALLINT(errno);
+	    RETURN (false);
+	}
+	RETURN ( ret ? false : true );
+#endif
+    }
+%}.
+    ^ self primitiveFailed
+!
+
+isWritable:aPathName
+    "return true, if the given file is writable.
+     For symbolic links, the pointed-to-file is checked."
+
+%{
+    int ret;
+
+    if (__isString(aPathName)) {
+#ifdef WIN32
+	ret = GetFileAttributes((char *) __stringVal(aPathName));
+	if (ret == -1) {
+	    @global(LastErrorNumber) = __MKSMALLINT(WIN32_ERR(GetLastError()));
+	    RETURN ( false );
+	}
+	RETURN ( (ret & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY) ? false : true);
+#else
+# ifdef TRACE_ACCESS_CALLS
+	printf("access on '%s' for writable\n", __stringVal(aPathName));
+# endif
+	__BEGIN_INTERRUPTABLE__
+	do {
+	    ret = access(__stringVal(aPathName), W_OK);
+	} while ((ret < 0) && (errno == EINTR));
+	__END_INTERRUPTABLE__
+	if (ret < 0) {
+	    @global(LastErrorNumber) = __MKSMALLINT(errno);
+	}
+	RETURN ( ((ret == 0) ? true : false) );
+#endif
+    }
+%}.
+    ^ self primitiveFailed
+!
+
+linkInfoOf:aPathName
+    "return a dictionary filled with info for the file 'aPathName',
+     IFF aPathName is a symbolic link. 
+     If aPathName is invalid, or its NOT a symbolic link, nil is returned.
+     (which means, that systems like VMS or MSDOS always return nil here.)
+
+     The contents of the dictionary gives info about the link itself,
+     on contrast to #infoOf:, which returns the info of the pointed to file
+     in case of a symbolic link."
+     
+    |info type mode uid gid size id atime mtime ctime path|
+
+%{  /* STACK: 1200 */
+#if defined(S_IFLNK) && !defined(__openVMS__) && !defined(MSDOS_LIKE)
+    struct stat buf;
+    int ret;
+    char pathBuffer[1024];
+    unsigned INT ino;
+
+    if (__isString(aPathName)) {
+	__BEGIN_INTERRUPTABLE__
+	do {
+	    ret = lstat((char *) __stringVal(aPathName), &buf);
+	} while ((ret < 0) && (errno == EINTR));
+	__END_INTERRUPTABLE__
+
+	if (ret < 0) {
+	    @global(LastErrorNumber) = __MKSMALLINT(errno);
+	    RETURN ( nil );
+	}
+	switch (buf.st_mode & S_IFMT) {
+	    default:
+		RETURN ( nil ); /* not a symbolic link */
+
+	    case S_IFLNK:
+		type = @symbol(symbolicLink);
+		break;
+	}
+
+	ino = buf.st_ino;
+	id = __MKUINT(ino);
+
+	mode = __MKSMALLINT(buf.st_mode & 0777);
+	uid = __MKSMALLINT(buf.st_uid);
+	gid = __MKSMALLINT(buf.st_gid);
+	size = __MKUINT(buf.st_size);
+	atime = __MKUINT(buf.st_atime);
+	mtime = __MKUINT(buf.st_mtime);
+	ctime = __MKUINT(buf.st_ctime);
+	if ((ret = readlink((char *) __stringVal(aPathName), pathBuffer, sizeof(pathBuffer))) < 0) {
+	    @global(LastErrorNumber) = __MKSMALLINT(errno);
+	    RETURN ( nil );
+	} 
+	pathBuffer[ret] = '\0';  /* readlink does not 0-terminate */
+	path = __MKSTRING(pathBuffer);
+    }
+#else
+    RETURN ( nil );
+#endif
+%}.
+    mode notNil ifTrue:[
+	info := IdentityDictionary new.
+	^ FileStatusInfo
+	    type:type 
+	    mode:mode 
+	    uid:uid 
+	    gid:gid 
+	    size:size 
+	    id:id 
+	    accessed:(AbsoluteTime fromOSTime:(atime * 1000)) 
+	    modified:(AbsoluteTime fromOSTime:(mtime * 1000)) 
+	    statusChanged:(AbsoluteTime fromOSTime:(ctime * 1000))
+	    path:path
+	    alternativeName:nil
+   ].
+   ^ self primitiveFailed
+
+   "
+    OpenVMSOperatingSystem infoOf:'Make.proto'  
+    OpenVMSOperatingSystem linkInfoOf:'Make.proto' 
+
+    OpenVMSOperatingSystem infoOf:'resources/motif.style'   
+    OpenVMSOperatingSystem linkInfoOf:'resources/motif.style' 
+   "
+!
+
+parentDirectoryName
+    "return the name used to refer to parent directories.
+     In MSDOS, Unix and other systems this is '..', but maybe different
+     for other systems.
+     (but those are currently not supported - so this is some
+      preparation for the future)"
+
+    ^ '..'
+!
+
+pathNameOf:pathName
+    "return the pathName of the argument, aPathString,
+     - thats the full pathname of the directory, starting at '/'.
+     This method needs the path to be valid
+     (i.e. all directories must exist, be readable and executable).
+     Notice: if symbolic links are involved, the result may look different
+     from what you expect."
+
+    |p path command|
+
+    "some systems have a convenient function for this ..."
+    path := self primPathNameOf:pathName.
+
+    path isNil ifTrue:[
+	(self isValidPath:pathName) ifFalse:[
+	    p := pathName.
+	    [(p size > 1)
+	     and:[p endsWith:(self fileSeparator)]
+	    ] whileTrue:[
+		p := p copyWithoutLast:1.
+	    ].
+	    ^ p
+	].
+
+	(SlowFork==true or:[PipeFailed==true]) ifFalse:[
+	    self isUNIXlike ifTrue:[
+		PipeStream openErrorSignal handle:[:ex |
+		    PipeFailed := true.
+		    'OpenVMSOperatingSystem [warning]: cannot fork/popen' errorPrintCR.
+		    ex return.
+		] do:[
+		    "have to fall back ..."
+		    command := 'cd ' , pathName , '; pwd'.
+		    p := PipeStream readingFrom:command.
+		].
+
+		(p isNil or:[p atEnd]) ifTrue:[
+		    ('OpenVMSOperatingSystem [warning]: PipeStream for <' , command , '> failed') errorPrintCR.
+		] ifFalse:[
+		    path := p nextLine.
+		    p close.
+		].
+	    ]
+	].
+	path isNil ifTrue:[
+	    "/
+	    "/ return the original - there is nothing else can we do
+	    "/
+	    path := pathName
+	].
+	(SlowFork==true or:[ForkFailed==true]) ifTrue:[
+	    path := self compressPath:path
+	]
+    ].
+    ^ path.
+
+    "
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem pathNameOf:'.'
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem pathNameOf:'../smalltalk/../smalltalk'
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem pathNameOf:'../../..'
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem pathNameOf:'..'
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem pathNameOf:'/tmp////' 
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem pathNameOf:'/foo/bar' 
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem pathNameOf:'/foo/bar/'
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem pathNameOf:'/foo/bar//'
+    "
+
+    "Modified: 29.11.1996 / 18:02:12 / stefan"
+    "Modified: 10.1.1997 / 19:10:42 / cg"
+!
+
+primIdOf:aPathName
+    "the actual code to return the fileNumber (i.e. inode number) of a file."
+
+%{  /* UNLIMITEDSTACK(WIN32) */
+    struct stat buf;
+    int ret;
+    unsigned INT ino;
+    OBJ retVal;
+
+    if (__isString(aPathName)) {
+# ifdef TRACE_STAT_CALLS
+	printf("stat on '%s' for id\n", __stringVal(aPathName));
+# endif
+	__BEGIN_INTERRUPTABLE__
+	do {
+	    ret = stat((char *) __stringVal(aPathName), &buf);
+	} while (ret < 0 && errno == EINTR);
+	__END_INTERRUPTABLE__
+	if (ret >= 0) {
+#ifdef __openVMS__
+# ifdef alpha64
+	    ino = buf.st_ino[2];
+	    ino = (ino << 16) + buf.st_ino[1];
+	    ino = (ino << 16) + buf.st_ino[0];
+	    retVal = __MKUINT(ino);
+# else
+	    {
+		unsigned inoLow, inoHi;
+
+		inoHi = buf.st_ino[2];
+		inoLow = buf.st_ino[1];
+		inoLow = (inoLow << 16) + buf.st_ino[0];
+		retVal = __MKLARGEINT64(1, inoLow, inoHi);
+	    }
+# endif
+#else
+	    ino = buf.st_ino;
+	    retVal = __MKUINT(ino);
+#endif
+	    RETURN (retVal);
+	}
+	@global(LastErrorNumber) = __MKSMALLINT(errno);
+	RETURN (nil);
+    }
+    RETURN (nil);
+%}.
+!
+
+primPathNameOf:pathName
+    "return the pathName of the argument, aPathString,
+     - thats the full pathname of the directory, starting at '/'.
+     This method here returns nil, if the OS does not provide a
+     realPath library function.
+     Notice: if symbolic links are involved, the result may look different
+     from what you expect."
+
+    |path|
+
+%{  /* STACK: 16000 */
+
+    if (__isString(pathName)) {
+
+#ifdef HAS_GETCWD
+# if defined(UNIX_LIKE) ||defined(__VMS__) || defined(MSDOS_LIKE)
+#  ifdef __VMS__
+	if (strcmp(__stringVal(pathName), "[]") == 0) 
+#  else
+	if (strcmp(__stringVal(pathName), ".") == 0) 
+#  endif
+	{
+	    char nameBuffer[MAXPATHLEN + 1];
+
+	    if (@global(CurrentDirectory) == nil) {
+		if (getcwd(nameBuffer, MAXPATHLEN)) {
+		    OBJ d;
+
+		    @global(CurrentDirectory) = d = __MKSTRING(nameBuffer);
+		    __GSTORE(d);
+		}
+	    }
+	    RETURN (@global(CurrentDirectory));
+	}
+# endif /* UNIX_LIKE */
+#endif /* HAS_GETCWD */
+
+#ifdef HAS_REALPATH
+	{
+	    char nameBuffer[MAXPATHLEN + 1 + MAXPATHLEN + 1];
+
+	    if (realpath(__stringVal(pathName), nameBuffer)) {
+		RETURN ( __MKSTRING(nameBuffer) );
+	    }
+	}
+#else
+# ifdef WIN32
+	{
+	    char nameBuffer[MAXPATHLEN + 1 + MAXPATHLEN + 1];
+	    char *pFinal;
+
+	    if (GetFullPathName(__stringVal(pathName), sizeof(nameBuffer),
+				nameBuffer, &pFinal)) {
+		RETURN ( __MKSTRING(nameBuffer) );
+	    }
+	}
+# endif /* WIN32 */
+#endif /* ! HAS_REALPATH */
+    }
+%}.
+    ^ nil
+!
+
+timeOfLastAccess:aPathName
+    "return the time, when the file was last accessed.
+     For nonexistent files, nil is returned."
+
+    "could be implemented as:
+	(self infoOf:aPathName) accessed 
+    "
+    |osSeconds i|
+%{
+#if !defined(WIN32) && !defined(__VMS__)
+    struct stat buf;
+    time_t mtime;
+    int ret;
+
+    if (__isString(aPathName)) {
+# ifdef TRACE_STAT_CALLS
+	printf("stat on '%s' for timeOfLastAccess\n", __stringVal(aPathName));
+# endif
+	__BEGIN_INTERRUPTABLE__
+	do {
+	    ret = stat((char *) __stringVal(aPathName), &buf);
+	} while (ret < 0 && errno == EINTR);
+	__END_INTERRUPTABLE__
+	if (ret < 0) {
+	    @global(LastErrorNumber) = __MKSMALLINT(errno);
+	    RETURN (nil);
+	}
+	osSeconds = __MKUINT(buf.st_atime);
+    }
+#endif
+%}.
+    osSeconds notNil ifTrue:[^ AbsoluteTime fromOSTime:(osSeconds * 1000)].
+
+    i := self infoOf:aPathName.
+    i notNil ifTrue:[^ i accessed].
+    ^ nil.
+
+    "
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem timeOfLastAccess:'/'
+    "
+!
+
+timeOfLastChange:aPathName
+    "return the time, when the file was last changed. 
+     For nonexistent files, nil is returned."
+
+    "could be implemented as:
+	(self infoOf:aPathName) modified
+    "
+
+    |osSeconds i|
+%{
+#if !defined(WIN32) && !defined(__VMS__)
+    struct stat buf;
+    int ret;
+    time_t mtime;
+
+    if (__isString(aPathName)) {
+# ifdef TRACE_STAT_CALLS
+	printf("stat on '%s' for timeOfLastChange\n", __stringVal(aPathName));
+# endif
+	__BEGIN_INTERRUPTABLE__
+	do {
+	    ret = stat((char *) __stringVal(aPathName), &buf);
+	} while (ret < 0 && errno == EINTR);
+	__END_INTERRUPTABLE__
+	if (ret < 0) {
+	    @global(LastErrorNumber) = __MKSMALLINT(errno);
+	    RETURN ( nil );
+	}
+	osSeconds = __MKUINT(buf.st_mtime);
+    }
+#endif
+%}.
+    osSeconds notNil ifTrue:[^ AbsoluteTime fromOSTime:(osSeconds * 1000)].
+
+    i := self infoOf:aPathName.
+    i notNil ifTrue:[^ i modified].
+    ^ nil.
+
+    "
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem timeOfLastChange:'/'
+    "
+!
+
+typeOf:aPathName
+    "return the type of a file as a symbol; for nonexistent files,
+     nil is returned.
+     Notice: for symbolic links, the type of the pointed-to file is returned."
+
+    |i|
+
+    "
+     this could have been implemented as:
+	(self infoOf:aPathName) type 
+     but for huge directory searches the code below is faster
+    "
+
+%{
+#ifndef WIN32
+    struct stat buf;
+    int ret;
+
+    if (__isString(aPathName)) {
+# ifdef TRACE_STAT_CALLS
+	printf("stat on '%s' for type\n", __stringVal(aPathName));
+# endif
+	__BEGIN_INTERRUPTABLE__
+	do {
+	    ret = stat((char *) __stringVal(aPathName), &buf);
+	} while (ret < 0 && errno == EINTR);
+	__END_INTERRUPTABLE__
+	if (ret < 0) {
+	    @global(LastErrorNumber) = __MKSMALLINT(errno);
+	    RETURN ( nil );
+	}
+	switch (buf.st_mode & S_IFMT) {
+	    case S_IFDIR:
+		RETURN ( @symbol(directory) );
+	    case S_IFREG:
+		RETURN ( @symbol(regular) );
+# ifdef S_IFCHR
+	    case S_IFCHR:
+		RETURN ( @symbol(characterSpecial) );
+# endif
+# ifdef S_IFBLK
+	    case S_IFBLK:
+		RETURN ( @symbol(blockSpecial) );
+# endif
+# ifdef S_IFLNK
+	    case S_IFLNK:
+		RETURN ( @symbol(symbolicLink) );
+# endif
+# ifdef S_IFSOCK
+	    case S_IFSOCK:
+		RETURN ( @symbol(socket) );
+# endif
+# ifdef S_IFIFO
+	    case S_IFIFO:
+		RETURN ( @symbol(fifo) );
+# endif
+	    default:
+		RETURN ( @symbol(unknown) );
+	}
+    }
+#endif
+%}.
+    i := self infoOf:aPathName.
+    i notNil ifTrue:[^ i type].
+    ^ nil.
+
+    "
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem typeOf:'/'   
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem typeOf:'.'   
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem typeOf:'Make.proto' 
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem typeOf:'resources/motif.style' 
+    "
+!
+
+volumeNameOf:aPathString
+    "return the volumeName of the argument, aPath
+     - thats the name of the volume where aPath is.
+     Not all OpenVMSOperatingSystem support/use volumes; on unix,
+     this always returns an empty string."
+
+    |idx|
+
+    self isVMSlike ifTrue:[
+	idx := aPathString indexOf:$:.
+	idx ~~ 0 ifTrue:[
+	    ^ aPathString copyTo:(idx - 1).
+	].
+	^ ''
+    ].
+    self isMSDOSlike ifTrue:[
+	(aPathString at:2) == $: ifTrue:[
+	    ^ (aPathString at:1) asString.
+	]
+    ].
+    ^ ''
+! !
+
+!OpenVMSOperatingSystem class methodsFor:'interrupts & signals'!
+
+defaultSignal:signalNumber
+    "revert to the default action on arrival of a (Unix-)signal.
+     Dont confuse Unix signals with smalltalk signals.
+     WARNING: for some signals, it is no good idea to revert to default;
+     for example, the default for SIGINT (i.e. ^C) is to exit; while the
+     default for SIGQUIT (^ \) is to dump core.
+     Also, NOTICE that signal numbers are not portable between unix
+     systems - use OpenVMSOperatingSystem sigXXX to get the numeric value for
+     a signal."
+
+%{  /* NOCONTEXT */
+
+    if (__isSmallInteger(signalNumber)) {
+#ifdef SIG_DFL
+	signal(__intVal(signalNumber), SIG_DFL);
+	RETURN (self);
+#endif
+    }
+%}.
+    "
+     this error is triggered on non-integer argument
+    "
+    ^ self primitiveFailed
+
+    "you better save a snapshot image before trying this ..."
+    "
+     'if you hit ^C now, Smalltalk will exit immediately' printNewline.
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem defaultSignal:(OpenVMSOperatingSystem sigINT).
+     1 to:1000000 do:[:i| ].
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem enableSignal:(OpenVMSOperatingSystem sigINT).
+     'normal ^C handling again.' printNewline
+    "
+!
+
+disableIOInterruptsOn:fd
+    "turn off IO interrupts for a filedescriptor"
+
+%{  /* NOCONTEXT */
+
+    int ret, flags, f;
+
+#if (defined(F_GETFL) && defined(F_SETFL) && defined(FASYNC)) || defined(SYSV4)
+    if (__isSmallInteger(fd)) {
+	f = __intVal(fd);
+# if defined(SYSV4)
+	ret = ioctl(f, I_SETSIG, 0);
+# else /*! SYSV4*/
+	flags = fcntl(f, F_GETFL, 0);
+	/*
+	 * if already clear, there is no need for this syscall ...
+	 */
+	if (flags & FASYNC) {
+	    ret = fcntl(f, F_SETFL, flags & ~FASYNC);
+	    if (ret >= 0) ret = flags;
+	} else {
+	    ret = flags;
+	}
+# endif /* !SYSV4 */
+	RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(ret) );
+    }
+#endif
+%}.
+    "
+     this error is triggered on non-integer argument
+     or if the OS does not support IO interrupts.
+    "
+    ^ self primitiveFailed
+!
+
+disableSignal:signalNumber
+    "disable (Unix-) signal processing for signalNumber.
+     Dont confuse Unix signals with smalltalk signals.
+     WARNING: for some signals, it is no good idea to disable
+     them; for example, disabling the SIGINT signal turns off ^C
+     handling.
+     Also, NOTICE that signal numbers are not portable between unix
+     systems - use OpenVMSOperatingSystem sigXXX to get the numeric value for
+     a signal.
+     Use only for fully debugged stand alone applications."
+
+%{  /* NOCONTEXT */
+
+    if (__isSmallInteger(signalNumber)) {
+	int sigNo = __intVal(signalNumber);
+
+	if (sigNo == 0) {
+	    RETURN (self);
+	}
+#ifdef SIG_IGN
+	signal(sigNo, SIG_IGN);
+	RETURN (self);
+#endif
+    }
+%}.
+    "
+     this error is triggered on non-integer argument
+    "
+    ^ self primitiveFailed
+
+    "
+     'now, ^C is totally ignored ...' printNewline.
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem disableSignal:(OpenVMSOperatingSystem sigINT).
+     1 to:1000000 do:[:i| ].
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem enableSignal:(OpenVMSOperatingSystem sigINT).
+     '^C handled again.' printNewline
+    "
+!
+
+disableTimer
+    "disable timer interrupts.
+     WARNING: 
+	the system will not operate correctly with timer interrupts
+	disabled, because no scheduling or timeouts are possible."
+
+%{  /* NOCONTEXT */
+
+#if defined(ITIMER_REAL) && !defined(NO_SETITIMER)
+    struct itimerval dt;
+
+    dt.it_interval.tv_sec = 0;
+    dt.it_interval.tv_usec = 0;
+    dt.it_value.tv_sec = 0;
+    dt.it_value.tv_usec = 0;
+    setitimer(ITIMER_REAL, &dt, 0);
+    RETURN (true);
+#else
+# if defined(WIN32)
+    extern void __win32ClearTimer();
+
+    __win32ClearTimer();
+    RETURN (true);
+# endif /* WIN32 */
+
+# if defined(__VMS__) && defined(USE_AST_TIMER)
+    extern void __vmsClearTimer();
+
+    __vmsClearTimer();
+    RETURN (true);
+# endif /* __VMS__ */
+
+# if defined(USE_SLOW_ALARM)
+#  if defined(SIGALRM)
+    alarm(0);
+    RETURN (true);
+#  endif /* SIGALRM */
+# endif
+
+#endif
+%}.
+    ^ false
+!
+
+enableChildSignalInterrupts
+    "enable childSignal interrupts 
+     (SIGCHLD, if the architecture supports it).
+     After enabling, these signals will send the message 
+     'childSignalInterrupt' to the ChildSignalInterruptHandler object."
+
+%{
+#ifdef __VMS__
+    extern void __vmsEnableChildInterrupts();
+
+    __vmsEnableChildInterrupts();
+    RETURN(self);
+#endif
+%}.
+    self enableSignal:(self sigCHLD)
+!
+
+enableIOInterruptsOn:fd
+    "turn on IO interrupts for a filedescriptor"
+
+%{  /* NOCONTEXT */
+
+    int ret, flags, f;
+#ifndef __signalIoInterrupt
+    extern void __signalIoInterrupt();
+#endif
+    static int firstCall = 1;
+
+#if (defined(F_GETFL) && defined(F_SETFL) && defined(FASYNC)) || defined(SYSV4)
+/*
+ * SIGIO/SIGPOLL - data available for I/O
+ * (used to wake up waiting processes)
+ */
+#ifdef SIGIO
+# define THESIGNAL SIGIO
+#else
+# ifdef SIGPOLL
+#  define THESIGNAL SIGPOLL
+# else
+#  ifdef SIGURG
+#   define THESIGNAL SIGURG
+#  endif
+# endif
+#endif
+
+    if (__isSmallInteger(fd)) {
+	if (firstCall) {
+#ifdef HAS_SIGACTION
+	    struct sigaction act;
+
+	    /*
+	     * Do not add SA_RESTART here. A signal can cause a
+	     * thread switch, another thread can do a garbage collect
+	     * and restarted system calls may write into old
+	     * (collected) addresses.
+	     */
+
+	    act.sa_flags = SA_SIGINFO; /* <- if you add more, remember dummys at the top */
+	    sigemptyset(&act.sa_mask);
+	    act.sa_handler = __signalIoInterrupt;
+	    sigaction(THESIGNAL, &act, 0);
+#else
+# ifdef HAS_SIGVEC
+	    struct sigvec vec;
+
+	    vec.sv_flags = SV_INTERRUPT;
+	    sigemptyset(&vec.sv_mask);
+	    vec.sv_handler = __signalIoInterrupt;
+	    sigvec(THESIGNAL, &vec, NULL);
+# else
+	    signal(THESIGNAL, __signalIoInterrupt);
+# endif
+#endif
+	    firstCall = 0;
+	}
+#undef THESIGNAL
+
+	f = __intVal(fd);
+# if defined(SYSV4)
+	ret = ioctl(f, I_SETSIG, S_INPUT | S_HIPRI | S_ERROR | S_RDNORM | S_RDBAND | S_MSG | S_HANGUP);
+# else /*! SYSV4*/
+	flags = fcntl(f, F_GETFL, 0);
+	/*
+	 * if already set, there is no need for this syscall ...
+	 */
+	if (flags & FASYNC) {
+	    ret = flags;
+	} else {
+	    ret = fcntl(f, F_SETFL, flags | FASYNC);
+	    if (ret >= 0) ret = flags;
+	}
+# endif /*!SYSV4*/
+
+#if defined(F_SETOWN) || defined(FIOSETOWN)
+	{
+	    int pid;
+	    int ok;
+
+	    pid = getpid();
+
+# if defined(F_SETOWN)
+	    ok = fcntl(f, F_SETOWN, pid);
+	    /* printf("F_SETOWN returns %d (%d)\n", ret, errno); */
+# else
+	    ok = ioctl(f, FIOSETOWN, &pid);
+	    /* printf("FIOSETOWN returns %d (%d)\n", ret, errno); */
+# endif
+	    if (ok < 0) {
+		ret = ok;
+	    }
+	}
+#endif
+	RETURN ( __MKUINT(ret) );
+    }
+#endif
+%}.
+    "
+     this error is triggered on non-integer argument
+     or if the system does not support SIGIO
+    "
+    ^ self primitiveFailed
+!
+
+enableSignal:signalNumber
+    "enable (Unix-)signal processing for signalNumber.
+     Dont confuse Unix signals with smalltalk signals.
+     The signal will be delivered to one of the standard handlers
+     (SIGINT, SIGQUIT, etc) or to a general handler, which
+     sends #signalInterrupt:.
+
+     NOTICE that signal numbers are not portable between unix
+     systems - use OpenVMSOperatingSystem sigXXX to get the numeric value for
+     a signal."
+
+%{  /* NOCONTEXT */
+
+#ifdef NSIG
+# define SIG_LIMIT NSIG
+#else
+# ifdef SIGUSR2
+#  define SIG_LIMIT SIGUSR2
+# else
+#  ifdef SIGUSR
+#   define SIG_LIMIT SIGUSR
+#  endif
+# endif
+#endif
+
+#if defined(SIGPOLL) && !defined(SIGIO)
+# define SIGIO SIGPOLL
+#endif
+
+#ifdef SIGCHLD
+# define CHILD_SIGNAL   SIGCHLD
+#else
+# ifdef SIGCLD
+#  define CHILD_SIGNAL  SIGCLD
+# endif
+#endif
+
+    int sigNr;
+#if defined(SIGINT) || defined(SIGQUIT)
+# ifndef __signalUserInterrupt
+    extern void __signalUserInterrupt(SIGHANDLER_ARG);
+# endif
+#endif
+#ifdef SIGFPE
+# ifndef __signalFpExceptionInterrupt
+    extern void __signalFpExceptionInterrupt(SIGHANDLER_ARG);
+# endif
+#endif
+#ifdef SIGIO
+# ifndef __signalIoInterrupt
+    extern void __signalIoInterrupt(SIGHANDLER_ARG);
+# endif
+#endif
+#ifdef CHILD_SIGNAL
+# ifndef __signalChildInterrupt
+    extern void __signalChildInterrupt(SIGHANDLER_ARG);
+# endif
+#endif
+#ifdef SIGPIPE
+# ifndef __signalPIPEInterrupt
+    extern void __signalPIPEInterrupt(SIGHANDLER_ARG);
+# endif
+#endif
+#ifdef SIGBUS
+# ifndef __signalBUSInterrupt
+    extern void __signalBUSInterrupt(SIGHANDLER_ARG);
+# endif
+#endif
+#ifdef SIGSEGV
+# ifndef __signalSEGVInterrupt
+    extern void __signalSEGVInterrupt(SIGHANDLER_ARG);
+# endif
+#endif
+#if defined(SIGILL) || defined(SIGEMT)
+# ifndef __signalTrapInterrupt
+    extern void __signalTrapInterrupt(SIGHANDLER_ARG);
+# endif
+#endif
+#ifdef SIGALRM
+# ifndef WIN32
+#  ifndef __signalTimerInterrupt
+    extern void __signalTimerInterrupt(SIGHANDLER_ARG);
+#  endif
+# endif
+#endif
+#ifndef __signalInterrupt
+    extern void __signalInterrupt(SIGHANDLER_ARG);
+#endif
+    void (*handler)(SIGHANDLER_ARG);
+
+    if (__isSmallInteger(signalNumber)
+     && ((sigNr = __intVal(signalNumber)) >= 0)
+#ifdef SIG_LIMIT
+     &&  (sigNr <= SIG_LIMIT)
+#endif
+    ) {
+	/*
+	 * standard signals are forced into standard handlers
+	 * - all others go into general signalInterrupt
+	 */
+#if defined(SIGPOLL) && defined(SIGIO)
+	if (sigNr == SIGPOLL)
+	    sigNr = SIGIO;
+#endif
+	switch (sigNr) {
+	    case 0:
+		/* enabling a non-supported signal */
+		RETURN (self);
+
+#ifdef SIGBREAK
+	    case SIGBREAK:
+#endif
+#ifdef SIGINT
+	    case SIGINT:
+#endif
+#ifdef SIGQUIT
+	    case SIGQUIT:
+#endif
+#  ifdef WIN32
+#ifdef PROCESSDEBUGWIN32
+		printf("ConsoleSignal %d\n",sigNr);
+#endif
+		SetConsoleCtrlHandler((PHANDLER_ROUTINE)__signalUserInterruptWIN32,TRUE);
+		RETURN (self);
+#else
+# if defined(SIGINT) || defined(SIGQUIT) || defined(SIGBREAK)
+		handler = __signalUserInterrupt;
+		break;
+# endif
+#endif
+#ifdef SIGFPE
+	    case SIGFPE:
+		handler = __signalFpExceptionInterrupt;
+		break;
+#endif
+
+#ifdef SIGPIPE
+	    case SIGPIPE:
+		handler = __signalPIPEInterrupt;
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef SIGBUS
+	    case SIGBUS:
+		handler = __signalBUSInterrupt;
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef SIGSEGV
+	    case SIGSEGV:
+		handler = __signalSEGVInterrupt;
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef SIGILL
+	    case SIGILL:
+		handler = __signalTrapInterrupt;
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef SIGEMT
+	    case SIGEMT:
+		handler = __signalTrapInterrupt;
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef SIGIO
+	    case SIGIO:
+		handler = __signalIoInterrupt;
+		break;
+#endif
+
+#ifdef CHILD_SIGNAL
+	    case CHILD_SIGNAL:
+		handler = __signalChildInterrupt;
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef SIGALRM
+# ifndef WIN32
+	    case SIGALRM:
+		handler = __signalTimerInterrupt;
+		break;
+# endif
+#endif
+
+	    default:
+		handler = __signalInterrupt;
+		break;
+	}
+
+	{
+#ifdef HAS_SIGACTION
+	    struct sigaction act;
+
+	    /*
+	     * Do not add SA_RESTART here. A signal can cause a
+	     * thread switch, another thread can do a garbage collect
+	     * and restarted system calls may write into old
+	     * (collected) addresses.
+	     */
+
+	    act.sa_flags = SA_SIGINFO; /* <- if you add more, remember dummys at the top */
+	    sigemptyset(&act.sa_mask);
+	    act.sa_handler = handler;
+	    sigaction(sigNr, &act, 0);
+#else
+# ifdef HAS_SIGVEC
+	    struct sigvec vec;
+
+	    vec.sv_flags = SV_INTERRUPT;
+	    sigemptyset(&vec.sv_mask);
+	    vec.sv_handler = handler;
+	    sigvec(sigNr, &vec, NULL);
+# else
+#  ifdef WIN32
+#ifdef PROCESSDEBUGWIN32
+	    printf("signal %d can't change handler\n",sigNr);
+#endif
+#  else
+	    (void) signal(sigNr, handler);
+#  endif
+# endif
+#endif
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * maybe, we should return the old enable-status
+	 * as boolean here ...
+	 */
+	RETURN (self);
+    }
+%}.
+
+    "
+     this error is triggered on non-integer argument, or
+     if the signal number is not in the valid range (1..NSIG)
+    "
+    ^ self primitiveFailed
+!
+
+enableTimer:milliSeconds
+    "setup for a timerInterrupt, to be signalled after some (real) time."
+
+%{  /* NOCONTEXT */
+    int millis;
+
+    millis = __intVal(milliSeconds);
+
+#ifdef SIGALRM
+    {
+	static int firstCall = 1;
+# ifndef __signalTimerInterrupt
+	extern void __signalTimerInterrupt(SIGHANDLER_ARG);
+# endif
+
+	if (firstCall) {
+# ifdef HAS_SIGACTION
+	    struct sigaction act;
+
+	    act.sa_flags = SA_SIGINFO; /* <- if you add more, remember dummys at the top */
+	    sigemptyset(&act.sa_mask);
+	    act.sa_handler = __signalTimerInterrupt;
+	    sigaction(SIGALRM, &act, 0);
+# else
+#  ifdef HAS_SIGVEC
+	    struct sigvec vec;
+
+	    vec.sv_flags = SV_INTERRUPT;
+	    sigemptyset(&vec.sv_mask);
+	    vec.sv_handler = __signalTimerInterrupt;
+	    sigvec(SIGALRM, &vec, NULL);
+#  else /* neither SIGACTION nor SIGVEC */
+	    signal(SIGALRM, __signalTimerInterrupt);
+#  endif /* stupid system  */
+# endif
+	    firstCall = 0;
+	}
+    }
+#endif /* SIGALRM */
+
+
+#if defined(ITIMER_REAL) && !defined(NO_SETITIMER)
+    {
+	struct itimerval dt;
+
+	dt.it_interval.tv_sec = 0;
+	dt.it_interval.tv_usec = 0;
+	dt.it_value.tv_sec = millis / 1000;
+	dt.it_value.tv_usec = (millis % 1000) * 1000;  
+	setitimer(ITIMER_REAL, &dt, 0);
+	RETURN (true);
+    }
+#else /* no ITIMER_REAL */
+# ifdef WIN32
+    {
+	extern void __win32SetTimer();
+
+	__win32SetTimer(millis);
+	RETURN (true);
+    }
+# endif /* WIN32 */
+
+# if defined(__VMS__) && defined(USE_AST_TIMER)
+    {
+	extern void __vmsSetTimer();
+
+	__vmsSetTimer(millis);
+	RETURN (true);
+    }
+# endif /* __VMS__ */
+
+# ifdef USE_SLOW_ALARM
+    {
+	/*
+	 * last fallback - use alarm (which only gives 1 second resolution).
+	 * If the system does not support any of the above, you have to life
+	 * with this. The consequence is that pressing CTRL-C processing and
+	 * thread switching will take place much delayed.
+	 */
+	alarm(1);
+	RETURN(true);
+    }
+# endif
+#endif /* ITIMER_REAL */
+%}.
+    ^ false
+!
+
+killProcess:processId
+    "kill a unix process.
+     The process terminates immediately and has no chance to perform any cleanup actions.
+
+     WARNING: in order to avoid zombie processes (on unix),
+	      you have to fetch the processes exitstatus with
+	      OpenVMSOperatingSystem>>getStatusOfProcess:aProcessId."
+
+    self isMSWINDOWSlike ifTrue:[
+      self primTerminateProcess:processId
+    ] ifFalse:[
+      self sendSignal:(self sigKILL) to:processId.
+    ].
+    "Modified: 28.12.1995 / 15:06:18 / stefan"
+!
+
+primTerminateProcess:pid
+    "terminate a WIN32 process.
+    The TerminateProcess function is used to unconditionally cause
+    a process to exit. Use it only in extreme circumstances. The state of
+    global data maintained by dynamic-link libraries (DLLs)
+    may be compromised if TerminateProcess is used."
+
+%{  /* UNLIMITEDSTACK (WIN95 only)*/
+#ifdef WIN32
+    if (__isExternalAddress(pid) )
+    {
+      if (_HANDLEVal(pid) != 0)
+      {
+#ifdef PROCESSDEBUGWIN32
+	 printf("Terminate ProcessHandle %x\n",_HANDLEVal(pid));
+#endif
+	 TerminateProcess(_HANDLEVal(pid),-1);
+	 CloseHandle(_HANDLEVal(pid));
+	 _HANDLEVal(pid) = 0;
+      }
+    }
+
+#endif
+%}
+!
+
+sendSignal:signalNumber to:processId
+    "send a unix signal to some process (maybe myself).
+     Returns false if any error occurred, true otherwise.
+
+     Do not confuse UNIX signals with Smalltalk-Signals.
+
+     WARNING: in order to avoid zombie processes (on unix),
+	      you may have to fetch the processes exitstatus with
+	      OpenVMSOperatingSystem>>getStatusOfProcess:aProcessId
+	      if the signal terminates that process."
+
+%{
+#ifndef MSDOS_LIKE
+    if (__bothSmallInteger(signalNumber, processId)) {
+	if (kill(__intVal(processId), __intVal(signalNumber)) < 0) {
+	    @global(LastErrorNumber) = __MKSMALLINT(errno);
+	    RETURN ( false );
+	}
+	RETURN ( true );
+    }
+#endif
+%}.
+    "/
+    "/ either invalid argument (non-integers)
+    "/ or not supported by OS
+    "/
+    ^ self primitiveFailed
+!
+
+startSpyTimer
+    "trigger a spyInterrupt, to be signalled after some short (virtual) time.
+     This is used by the old MessageTally for profiling.
+     Should be changed to use real profiling timer if available.
+     On systems, where no virtual timer is available, use the real timer
+     (which is of course less correct).
+     OBSOLETE: the new messageTally runs as a high prio process, not using 
+	       spy interrupts."
+
+%{  /* NOCONTEXT */
+
+#ifndef __spyInterrupt
+    extern void __spyInterrupt();
+#endif
+
+#if defined(ITIMER_VIRTUAL) && !defined(NO_SETITIMER)
+    struct itimerval dt;
+
+# ifdef SIGVTALRM
+    signal(SIGVTALRM, __spyInterrupt);
+# else
+#  ifdef SIGALRM
+    signal(SIGALRM, __spyInterrupt);
+#  else
+    /*
+     * mhmh - system has neither SIGBTALRM nor SIGALRM ...
+     * what should we do here ?
+     */
+#  endif
+# endif
+
+    dt.it_interval.tv_sec = 0;
+    dt.it_interval.tv_usec = 0;
+    dt.it_value.tv_sec = 0;
+    dt.it_value.tv_usec = 1000;   /* 1000 Hz */
+    setitimer(ITIMER_VIRTUAL, &dt, 0);
+
+    RETURN (true);
+#endif /* ITIMER_VIRTUAL */
+%}.
+    ^ false
+!
+
+stopSpyTimer
+    "stop spy timing - disable spy timer.
+     OBSOLETE: the new messageTally runs as a high prio process, not using 
+	       spy interrupts."
+
+%{  /* NOCONTEXT */
+
+#if defined(ITIMER_VIRTUAL) && !defined(NO_SETITIMER)
+    struct itimerval dt;
+
+    dt.it_interval.tv_sec = 0;
+    dt.it_interval.tv_usec = 0;
+    dt.it_value.tv_sec = 0;
+    dt.it_value.tv_usec = 0;
+    setitimer(ITIMER_VIRTUAL, &dt, 0);
+    RETURN (true);
+#endif /* ITIMER_VIRTUAL */
+%}.
+    ^ false
+!
+
+terminateProcess:processId
+    "terminate a unix process.
+     The process has a chance to do some cleanup.
+
+     WARNING: in order to avoid zombie processes (on unix),
+	      you may have to fetch the processes exitstatus with
+	      OpenVMSOperatingSystem>>getStatusOfProcess:aProcessId."
+
+    self isMSWINDOWSlike ifTrue:[
+      self primTerminateProcess:processId
+    ]. 
+    self isUNIXlike ifTrue:[
+	self sendSignal:(self sigTERM) to:processId.
+    ]
+
+    "Modified: / 28.12.1995 / 15:05:37 / stefan"
+    "Modified: / 27.1.1998 / 20:05:47 / cg"
+!
+
+terminateProcessGroup:processGroupId
+    "terminate a unix process group.
+     The process has a chance to do some cleanup.
+
+     WARNING: in order to avoid zombie processes (on unix),
+	      you may have to fetch the processes exitstatus with
+	      OpenVMSOperatingSystem>>getStatusOfProcess:aProcessId."
+
+    self isUNIXlike ifTrue:[
+	self sendSignal:(self sigTERM) to:(processGroupId negated).
+    ]
+
+    "Modified: / 28.12.1995 / 15:05:37 / stefan"
+    "Created: / 23.4.1996 / 16:40:34 / stefan"
+    "Modified: / 27.1.1998 / 20:05:59 / cg"
+! !
+
+!OpenVMSOperatingSystem class methodsFor:'ipc support - UNIX'!
+
+makePipe
+    "make a pipe, return array with two filedescriptors on success,
+     nil on failure.
+     This is a lowLevel entry, not for public use.
+     See ExternalStream>>makePipe for a more user-friendly, public interface."
+
+    |fd1 fd2|    
+                
+%{       
+#ifdef UNIX_LIKE
+     int fds[2];
+
+     if (pipe(fds) < 0) {
+	@global(LastErrorNumber) = __MKSMALLINT(errno);
+	RETURN ( nil );
+     }
+
+     fd1 = __MKSMALLINT(fds[0]);
+     fd2 = __MKSMALLINT(fds[1]);
+#else
+# ifdef WIN32
+    HANDLE   pipeRead  = (HANDLE)0;
+    HANDLE   pipeWrite = (HANDLE)0;
+
+    SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES  process;
+ 
+    process.nLength = sizeof( process );
+    process.lpSecurityDescriptor = NULL;
+    process.bInheritHandle = TRUE;
+
+    if( ! CreatePipe( &pipeRead, &pipeWrite, &process, 0 ) ) {
+	@global(LastErrorNumber) = __MKSMALLINT( WIN32_ERR(GetLastError()) );
+	RETURN ( nil );
+    }
+
+#  ifdef USE_HANDLES
+    fd1 = __MKEXTERNALADDRESS(pipeRead);
+    fd2 = __MKEXTERNALADDRESS(pipeWrite);
+#  else
+    /*
+     * make fileDescriptors from handles
+     */
+#ifdef PROCESSDEBUGWIN32
+    printf("piperead %x\n",pipeRead);
+    printf("pipewrite %x\n",pipeWrite);
+#endif
+    fd1 = __MKSMALLINT(_open_osfhandle(pipeRead, O_BINARY));
+    fd2 = __MKSMALLINT(_open_osfhandle(pipeWrite, O_BINARY));
+#  endif
+# endif /* WIN32 */
+#endif
+%}.
+    fd1 notNil ifTrue:[
+	^ Array with:fd1 with:fd2.
+    ].
+    ^ nil
+! !
+
+!OpenVMSOperatingSystem class methodsFor:'ipc support - VMS'!
+
+createCOMFileForVMSCommand:aCommandString in:aDirectory
+    "since DCL seems to not support multiple commands in one
+     line, create a temporary COM file for a set def, followed
+     by the actual command string.
+     A kludge around a poor CLI design."
+
+    |path|
+
+    path := aDirectory asFilename pathName asFilename osNameForDirectory.
+    ^ self
+	createCOMFileForVMSCommands:(Array
+					with:('set def ' , path)
+					with:aCommandString).
+!
+
+createCOMFileForVMSCommands:aCollectionOfCommandStrings
+    "since DCL seems to not support multiple commands in one
+     line, create a temporary COM file for them and let DCL
+     execute that one.
+     A kludge around a poor CLI design."
+
+    |tmpComFile s|
+
+    tmpComFile := Filename newTemporary withSuffix:'COM'.
+    s := tmpComFile writeStream.
+    aCollectionOfCommandStrings do:[:aCommand |
+	(aCommand startsWith:$$) ifFalse:[
+	    s nextPutAll:'$'.
+	].
+	s nextPutAll:aCommand.
+	s nextPut:(Character nl).
+    ].
+    s close.
+    ^ tmpComFile.
+!
+
+createMailBox
+    "create a VMS mailBox. Return the mbx-channel number or nil on failure.
+     This is only supported with VMS and needed with I/O redirection when
+     OS commands are spawned. On non-VMS systems, nil is always returned."
+
+    |mbxChannel|
+
+%{
+#ifdef __VMS__
+    struct IOSB iosb;
+    static int mbxSize = 0;
+    int status;
+    short channel;
+
+    /*
+     * get the mailbox size, when called for the very first time.
+     */
+    if (mbxSize == 0) {
+	struct itm$list3 syilist[2] = {
+	  { sizeof(mbxSize), SYI$_MAXBUF, &mbxSize, (void *) 0 },
+	  { 0, 0, 0, 0}
+	};
+
+	/*
+	 * Use the smaller of SYI$_MAXBUF and 2048 for the mailbox size
+	 */
+	status = SYS$GETSYIW(0, 0, 0, syilist, &iosb, 0, 0, 0);
+	if (status != SS$_NORMAL && !(iosb.status & STS$M_SUCCESS)) {
+	    vaxc$errno = iosb.status;
+	    errno = EVMSERR;
+	    fprintf(stderr, "OpenVMSOperatingSystem [warning]: $GETSYIW failure for SYI$_MAXBUF");
+	    RETURN( nil );
+	}
+	if (mbxSize > 2048) {
+	    mbxSize = 2048;
+	}
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * create a mailBox ...
+     */
+    status = SYS$CREMBX (0, &channel, mbxSize, mbxSize, 0, 0, 0, 0);
+    if (status != SS$_NORMAL) {
+	vaxc$errno = status;
+	errno = EVMSERR;
+	fprintf(stderr, "OpenVMSOperatingSystem [warning]: $CREMBX failure");
+	RETURN ( nil );
+    }
+    mbxChannel = __MKSMALLINT(channel);
+#endif
+%}.
+    ^ mbxChannel
+!
+
+createMailBoxPair
+    |in out|
+
+    in := self createMailBox.
+    in isNil ifTrue:[
+	^ nil
+    ].
+    out := self createMailBox.
+    out isNil ifTrue:[
+	self destroyMailBox:in. 
+	^ nil
+    ].
+    ^ Array with:in with:out
+!
+
+destroyMailBox:aChannelNr
+    "deallocate a mailBox.
+     This is only needed for VMS subprocess handling and ignored
+     on other systems."
+%{
+#ifdef __VMS__
+    if (__isSmallInteger(aChannelNr)) {
+	int channel = __intVal(aChannelNr);
+
+	SYS$DASSGN (channel);
+    }
+#endif
+%}.
+!
+
+mailBoxNameOf:aChannelNr
+    "retrieve a mailBoxes name, given its channel nr.
+     This is required in VMS for subprocess execution, to be
+     able to open a mailbox as a file.
+     Non VMS systems return nil."
+%{
+#ifdef __VMS__
+    struct IOSB iosb;
+    int status;
+    short channel;
+    struct Vstring mbxname = { sizeof(mbxname.body) };
+    struct itm$list3 mbxlist[2] = {
+      { sizeof(mbxname.body)-1, DVI$_DEVNAM, &mbxname.body, &mbxname.length },
+      { 0, 0, 0, 0}
+    };
+
+    if (__isSmallInteger(aChannelNr)) {
+	channel = __intVal(aChannelNr);
+	status = SYS$GETDVIW (0, channel, 0, &mbxlist, &iosb, 0, 0, 0);
+	if (status != SS$_NORMAL && !(iosb.status & STS$M_SUCCESS)) {
+	    vaxc$errno = iosb.status;
+	    errno = EVMSERR;
+#if 0
+	    fprintf(stderr, "OpenVMSOperatingSystem [info]: $GETDVIW for mailBox name failed mbx=%d\n",channel);
+#endif
+	    RETURN ( nil );
+	}
+	mbxname.body[mbxname.length] = 0;
+	RETURN (__MKSTRING(mbxname.body));
+    }
+#endif
+%}.
+    ^ nil
+! !
+
+!OpenVMSOperatingSystem class methodsFor:'misc'!
+
+closePid:pid
+    "free pid resource"
+%{
+#ifdef WIN32
+    if (__isExternalAddress(pid) )
+    {
+      if (_HANDLEVal(pid) != 0)
+      {
+#ifdef PROCESSDEBUGWIN32
+	 printf("Close ProcessHandle %x\n",_HANDLEVal(pid));
+#endif
+	 CloseHandle(_HANDLEVal(pid));
+	 _HANDLEVal(pid) = 0;
+      }
+    }
+#endif
+%}.
+    ^ true.
+
+    "Created: 28.1.1998 / 14:23:04 / md"
+    "Modified: 28.1.1998 / 14:27:18 / md"
+!
+
+slowFork:aBoolean
+    "set/clear the `avoid-fork-if-possible-because-its-slow' flag.
+     Only used internally on SYSV3 systems"
+
+    SlowFork := aBoolean
+
+    "Modified: 22.4.1996 / 13:13:09 / cg"
+! !
+
+!OpenVMSOperatingSystem class methodsFor:'os queries'!
+
+executableFileExtensions
+    "return a collection of extensions for executable program files.
+     Only req'd for msdos like systems ..."
+
+    self isMSDOSlike ifTrue:[
+	^ #('com' 'exe')
+    ].
+    ^ #('')
+
+    "Created: 2.5.1997 / 11:42:29 / cg"
+!
+
+getDomainName
+    "return the domain this host is in.
+     Notice:
+	not all systems support this; on some, 'unknown' is returned."
+
+    |name idx hostName|
+
+    DomainName notNil ifTrue:[
+	^ DomainName
+    ].
+
+%{  /* STACK: 2048 */
+#if defined(HAS_GETDOMAINNAME)
+    char buffer[128];
+
+    if (getdomainname(buffer, sizeof(buffer)) == 0) {
+	name = __MKSTRING(buffer);
+    }
+#else
+# if defined(HAS_UNAME) && defined(HAS_UTS_DOMAINNAME)
+    struct utsname ubuff;
+
+    if (uname(&ubuff) >= 0) {
+	name = __MKSTRING(ubuff.domainname);
+    }
+# else
+#  if defined(HAS_SYSINFO) && defined(SI_SRPC_DOMAIN)
+    char buffer[256];
+    int ret;
+
+    if ((ret = sysinfo(SI_SRPC_DOMAIN, buffer, sizeof(buffer))) >= 0 && ret <= sizeof(buffer)) {
+	name = __MKSTRING(buffer);
+    }
+#  endif
+# endif
+#endif
+#ifdef MSDOS_LIKE
+     {
+	char msdosBuf[128];
+
+	strcpy( msdosBuf, "exept.de" );
+	name = __MKSTRING(msdosBuf);
+     }
+#endif
+%}.
+    name isNil ifTrue:[
+	name := self getEnvironment:'DOMAIN'.
+	name isNil ifTrue:[
+	    OpenVMSOperatingSystem isUNIXlike ifTrue:[
+		name := self getCommandOutputFrom:'domainname'
+	    ]
+	]
+    ].
+    name isNil ifTrue:[
+	"/ sometimes, we can extract the domainName from the hostName ...
+	hostName := self getHostName.
+	hostName notNil ifTrue:[
+	    idx := hostName indexOf:$..
+	    idx ~~ 0 ifTrue:[
+		name := hostName copyFrom:idx+1.
+	    ]
+	]. 
+	name isNil ifTrue:[
+	    'OpenVMSOperatingSystem [warning]: cannot find out domainname' errorPrintCR.
+	    name := 'unknown'.
+	]
+    ].
+    DomainName := name.
+    ^ name
+
+    "
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem getDomainName
+    "
+
+    "Modified: 26.4.1996 / 10:04:54 / stefan"
+!
+
+getEnvironment:aStringOrSymbol
+    "get an environment string"
+
+%{  /* NOCONTEXT */
+
+    char *env;
+    extern char *getenv();
+
+    if (__isString(aStringOrSymbol) || __isSymbol(aStringOrSymbol)) {
+#ifdef WIN32
+	char buff[512];
+
+	env = NULL;
+	if (GetEnvironmentVariable(__stringVal(aStringOrSymbol),
+				   buff,
+				   sizeof(buff)-1)) {
+	    env = buff;
+	}
+#else
+	env =  getenv(__stringVal(aStringOrSymbol));
+#endif
+	if (env) {
+	    RETURN ( __MKSTRING(env) );
+	}
+    }
+%}
+.
+    ^ nil
+
+    "
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem getEnvironment:'LANG'
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem getEnvironment:'LOGIN'
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem getEnvironment:'HOME'
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem getEnvironment:'NNTPSERVER'
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem getEnvironment:'MAIL'
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem getEnvironment:'PATH'
+    "
+!
+
+getHostName
+    "return the hostname we are running on - if there is
+     a HOST environment variable, we are much faster here ...
+     Notice:
+	not all systems support this; on some, 'unknown' is returned."
+
+    |name idx|
+
+    HostName notNil ifTrue:[
+	^ HostName
+    ].
+
+%{  /* STACK: 2048 */
+#if defined(HAS_GETHOSTNAME)
+    char buffer[256];
+
+    if (gethostname(buffer, sizeof(buffer)) == 0) {
+	name = __MKSTRING(buffer);
+    }
+#else
+# if defined(HAS_UNAME)
+    struct utsname ubuff;
+
+    if (uname(&ubuff) >= 0) {
+	name = __MKSTRING(ubuff.nodename);
+    }
+# else
+#  if defined(HAS_SYSINFO) && defined(SI_HOSTNAME)
+    char buffer[256];
+    int ret;
+ 
+    if ((ret = sysinfo(SI_HOSTNAME, buffer, sizeof(buffer))) >= 0 && ret <= sizeof(buffer)) {
+	name = __MKSTRING(buffer);
+    }
+#  else
+#   ifdef WIN32
+    char buffer[128];
+    int buffSize = sizeof(buffer);
+
+    if (GetComputerName(buffer, &buffSize) == TRUE) {
+	name = __MKSTRING(buffer);
+    }
+#   endif
+#  endif
+# endif
+#endif
+%}.
+    name isNil ifTrue:[
+	name := self getEnvironment:'HOST'.
+	name isNil ifTrue:[
+	    OpenVMSOperatingSystem isUNIXlike ifTrue:[
+		name := self getCommandOutputFrom:'hostname'
+	    ]
+	]
+    ].
+    name isNil ifTrue:[
+	'OpenVMSOperatingSystem [warning]: cannot find out hostname' errorPrintCR.
+	name := 'unknown'.
+    ] ifFalse:[
+	"/ on some systems, the hostname already contains the domain.
+	"/ decompose it here.
+	idx := name indexOf:$..
+	idx ~~ 0 ifTrue:[
+	    DomainName := name copyFrom:(idx+1).
+	    name := name copyTo:(idx-1).
+	]
+    ].
+    HostName := name.
+    ^ name
+
+    "
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem getHostName
+    "
+!
+
+getLocaleInfo
+    "return a dictionary filled with values from the locale information;
+     Not all fields may be present, depending on the OS's setup and capabilities.
+     Possible fields are:
+	decimalPoint                    <String>
+
+	thousandsSep                    <String>
+
+	internationalCurrencySymbol     <String>
+
+	currencySymbol                  <String>
+
+	monetaryDecimalPoint            <String>
+
+	monetaryThousandsSeparator      <String>
+
+	positiveSign                    <String>
+
+	negativeSign                    <String>
+
+	internationalFractionalDigits   <Integer>
+
+	fractionalDigits                <Integer>
+
+	positiveSignPrecedesCurrencySymbol      <Boolean>
+
+	negativeSignPrecedesCurrencySymbol      <Boolean>
+
+	positiveSignSeparatedBySpaceFromCurrencySymbol  <Boolean>
+
+	negativeSignSeparatedBySpaceFromCurrencySymbol  <Boolean>
+
+	positiveSignPosition                            <Symbol>
+							one of: #parenthesesAround, 
+								#signPrecedes, 
+								#signSuceeds, 
+								#signPrecedesCurrencySymbol,
+								#signSuceedsCurrencySymbol
+
+	negativeSignPosition                            <like above>
+
+     it is up to the application to deal with undefined values.
+
+     Notice, that (for now), the system does not use this information;
+     it should be used by applications as required.
+    "
+
+    |info val|
+
+    LocaleInfo notNil ifTrue:[
+	"/ return the internal info; useful on systems which do not
+	"/ support this.
+	^ LocaleInfo
+    ].
+
+    info := IdentityDictionary new.
+%{
+    char *decimalPoint;         /* something like "." (US) or "," (german) */
+    char *thousandsSep;         /* something like "," (US) or "." (german) */
+    char *intCurrencySymbol;    /* international currency symbol; something like "USD "  "DM  " */
+    char *currencySymbol;       /* local currency symbol;         something like "USD "  "DM  " */
+    char *monDecimalPoint;      /* money: decimal point */
+    char *monThousandsSep;      /* money: thousands sep */
+    char *positiveSign;
+    char *negativeSign;
+    int   intFractDigits;       /* money: international digits after decPoint */
+    int   fractDigits;          /* money: local digits after decPoint */
+    int   csPosPrecedes;        /* money: 1 if currency symbol precedes a positive value; 0 if it sceeds */
+    int   csNegPrecedes;        /* money: 1 if currency symbol precedes a negative value; 0 if it sceeds */
+    int   csPosSepBySpace;      /* money: 1 if currency symbol should be separated by a space from a positive value; 0 if no space */
+    int   csNegSepBySpace;      /* money: 1 if currency symbol should be separated by a space from a negative value; 0 if no space */
+    int   csPosSignPosition;    /* money: 0: ()'s around the value & currency symbol */
+    int   csNegSignPosition;    /*        1: sign precedes the value & currency symbol */
+				/*        2: sign succeeds the value & currency symbol */
+				/*        3: sign immediately precedes the currency symbol */
+				/*        4: sign immediately suceeds the currency symbol */
+
+#if defined(HAS_LOCALECONV)
+    struct lconv *conf;
+
+    conf = localeconv();
+    if (conf) {
+	decimalPoint = conf->decimal_point;
+	thousandsSep = conf->thousands_sep;
+	intCurrencySymbol = conf->int_curr_symbol;
+	currencySymbol = conf->currency_symbol;
+	monDecimalPoint = conf->mon_decimal_point;
+	monThousandsSep = conf->mon_thousands_sep;
+	positiveSign = conf->positive_sign;
+	negativeSign = conf->negative_sign;
+	intFractDigits = conf->int_frac_digits;
+	fractDigits = conf->frac_digits;
+	csPosPrecedes = conf->p_cs_precedes; 
+	csNegPrecedes = conf->n_cs_precedes; 
+	csPosSepBySpace = conf->p_sep_by_space; 
+	csNegSepBySpace = conf->n_sep_by_space; 
+	csPosSignPosition = conf->p_sign_posn;
+	csNegSignPosition = conf->n_sign_posn;
+    }
+#else
+    decimalPoint = (char *)0;
+    thousandsSep = (char *)0;
+    intCurrencySymbol = (char *)0;
+    currencySymbol = (char *)0;
+    monDecimalPoint = (char *)0;
+    monThousandsSep = (char *)0;
+    positiveSign =  (char *)0;
+    negativeSign =(char *)0;
+    intFractDigits = -1;
+    fractDigits = -1;
+    csPosPrecedes = -1; 
+    csNegPrecedes = -1; 
+    csPosSepBySpace = -1; 
+    csNegSepBySpace = -1; 
+    csPosSignPosition = -1;
+    csNegSignPosition = -1;
+#endif
+    if (decimalPoint) {
+	val = __MKSTRING(decimalPoint);
+	__AT_PUT_(info, @symbol(decimalPoint), val);
+    }
+    if (thousandsSep) {
+	val = __MKSTRING(thousandsSep);
+	__AT_PUT_(info, @symbol(thousandsSeparator), val);
+    }
+    if (intCurrencySymbol) {
+	val = __MKSTRING(intCurrencySymbol);
+	__AT_PUT_(info, @symbol(internationCurrencySymbol), val);
+    }
+    if (currencySymbol) {
+	val = __MKSTRING(currencySymbol);
+	__AT_PUT_(info, @symbol(currencySymbol), val);
+    }
+    if (monDecimalPoint) {
+	val = __MKSTRING(monDecimalPoint);
+	__AT_PUT_(info, @symbol(monetaryDecimalPoint), val);
+    }
+    if (monThousandsSep) {
+	val = __MKSTRING(monThousandsSep);
+	__AT_PUT_(info, @symbol(monetaryThousandsSeparator), val);
+    }
+    if (positiveSign) {
+	val = __MKSTRING(positiveSign);
+	__AT_PUT_(info, @symbol(positiveSign), val);
+    }
+    if (negativeSign) {
+	val = __MKSTRING(negativeSign);
+	__AT_PUT_(info, @symbol(negativeSign), val);
+    }
+    if (intFractDigits >= 0) {
+	__AT_PUT_(info, @symbol(internationalFractionalDigits),  __MKSMALLINT(intFractDigits));
+    }
+    if (fractDigits >= 0) {
+	__AT_PUT_(info, @symbol(fractionalDigits),  __MKSMALLINT(fractDigits));
+    }
+    if (csPosPrecedes >= 0) {
+	if (csPosPrecedes == 0) {
+	    val = false;
+	} else {
+	    val = true;
+	}
+	__AT_PUT_(info, @symbol(positiveSignPrecedesCurrencySymbol), val );
+    }
+    if (csNegPrecedes >= 0) {
+	if (csNegPrecedes == 0) {
+	    val = false;
+	} else {
+	    val = true;
+	}
+	__AT_PUT_(info, @symbol(negativeSignPrecedesCurrencySymbol), val );
+    }
+    if (csPosSepBySpace >= 0) {
+	if (csPosSepBySpace == 0) {
+	    val = false;
+	} else {
+	    val = true;
+	}
+	__AT_PUT_(info, @symbol(positiveSignSeparatedBySpaceFromCurrencySymbol), val);
+    }
+    if (csNegSepBySpace >= 0) {
+	if (csNegSepBySpace == 0) {
+	    val = false;
+	} else {
+	    val = true;
+	}
+	__AT_PUT_(info, @symbol(negativeSignSeparatedBySpaceFromCurrencySymbol), val);
+    }
+    switch (csPosSignPosition) {
+	case 0:
+	    val = @symbol(parenthesesAround);
+	    break;
+
+	case 1:
+	    val = @symbol(signPrecedes);
+	    break;
+
+	case 2:
+	    val = @symbol(signSuceeds);
+	    break;
+
+	case 3:
+	    val = @symbol(signPrecedesCurrencySymbol);
+	    break;
+
+	case 4:
+	    val = @symbol(signSuceedsCurrencySymbol);
+	    break;
+
+	default:
+	    val = nil;
+    }
+    if (val != nil) {
+	__AT_PUT_(info, @symbol(positiveSignPosition), val);
+    }
+
+    switch (csNegSignPosition) {
+	case 0:
+	    val = @symbol(parenthesesAround);
+	    break;
+
+	case 1:
+	    val = @symbol(signPrecedes);
+	    break;
+
+	case 2:
+	    val = @symbol(signSuceeds);
+	    break;
+
+	case 3:
+	    val = @symbol(signPrecedesCurrencySymbol);
+	    break;
+
+	case 4:
+	    val = @symbol(signSuceedsCurrencySymbol);
+	    break;
+
+	default:
+	    val = nil;
+    }
+    if (val != nil) {
+	__AT_PUT_(info, @symbol(negativeSignPosition), val);
+    }
+%}.
+    ^ info
+
+    "
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem getLocaleInfo
+    "
+
+    "Created: 23.12.1995 / 14:19:20 / cg"
+!
+
+getProcessId
+    "return the (unix-)processId"
+
+%{  /* NOCONTEXT */
+
+    int pid = 0;
+
+#ifdef UNIX_LIKE
+    pid = getpid();
+#else
+# ifdef WIN32
+    pid = GetCurrentProcessId() & 0x3FFFFFFF;
+# endif
+#endif
+    RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(pid) );
+%}
+    "
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem getProcessId
+    "
+!
+
+getSystemID
+    "if supported by the OS, return the systemID;
+     a unique per machine identification.
+     WARNING:
+	not all systems support this; on some, 'unknown' is returned."
+
+%{  /* NO_CONTEXT */
+#if defined(IRIX5) && !defined(HAS_GETHOSTID)
+    char idBuffer[MAXSYSIDSIZE];
+    int retVal;
+    OBJ arr;
+
+    if ((retVal = syssgi(SGI_SYSID, idBuffer)) == 0) {
+	arr = __BYTEARRAY_UNINITIALIZED_NEW_INT(MAXSYSIDSIZE);
+	bcopy(idBuffer, __ByteArrayInstPtr(arr)->ba_element, MAXSYSIDSIZE);
+	RETURN (arr);
+    }
+#endif
+#if defined(HAS_GETHOSTID)
+    int runningId;
+    OBJ arr;
+
+    runningId = gethostid();
+    arr = __BYTEARRAY_UNINITIALIZED_NEW_INT(4);
+    *(int *)(__ByteArrayInstPtr(arr)->ba_element) = runningId;
+    RETURN (arr);
+#endif
+#if defined(HAS_SYSINFO) && defined(SI_HW_SERIAL)
+    {
+	char buffer[128];
+
+	buffer[0] = 0;
+	if (sysinfo(SI_HW_SERIAL, buffer, sizeof(buffer))) {
+	    buffer[127] = 0;
+	    if (strlen(buffer) > 0) {
+		RETURN(__MKSTRING(buffer));
+	    }
+	}
+    }
+#endif
+#ifdef __VMS__
+    {
+	int sid = 0;
+	int status;
+	char buffer[64];
+
+	struct itm$list3 syilist[2] = {
+	  { sizeof(sid), SYI$_SID, &sid, (void *) 0 },
+	  { 0, 0, 0, 0}
+	};
+	status = SYS$GETSYIW(0, 0, 0, syilist, 0, 0, 0, 0);
+	if (status != SS$_NORMAL) {
+	    errno = EVMSERR;
+	    fprintf(stderr, "OpenVMSOperatingSystem [warning]: $GETSYI failure for SYI$_SID");
+	    RETURN( nil );
+	}
+	sprintf(buffer, "%x", sid);
+	RETURN(__MKSTRING(buffer));
+    }
+#endif
+%}.
+    ^ 'unknown'
+
+    "
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem getSystemID
+    "
+!
+
+getSystemInfo
+    "return info on the system weare running on.
+     If the system supports the uname system call, that info is returned;
+     otherwise, some simulated info is returned.
+ 
+     WARNING:
+       Do not depend on the amount and contents of the returned information, some
+       systems may return more/less than others. Also, the contents depends on the
+       OS, for example, linux returns 'ix86', while WIN32 returns 'x86'.
+
+       This method is mainly provided to augment error reports with some system
+       information. 
+       (in case of system/version specific OS errors, conditional workarounds and patches
+	may be based upon this info).
+       Your application should NOT depend upon this in any way.
+
+     The returned info may (or may not) contain:
+	#system -> some operating system identification (irix, Linux, nt, win32s ...) 
+	#version -> OS version (some os version identification)
+	#release -> OS release (3.5, 1.2.1 ...)
+	#node   -> some host identification (hostname)
+	#domain  -> domain name (hosts domain)
+	#machine -> type of machine (i586, mips ...)
+    "
+
+    |sys node rel ver mach dom mtyp brel info arch|
+
+%{  /* STACK: 4096 */
+
+#if defined(HAS_UNAME)
+    struct utsname ubuff;
+
+    if (uname(&ubuff) >= 0) {
+	sys  = __MKSTRING(ubuff.sysname);
+	node = __MKSTRING(ubuff.nodename);
+	rel  = __MKSTRING(ubuff.release);
+	ver  = __MKSTRING(ubuff.version);
+	mach = __MKSTRING(ubuff.machine);
+# ifdef HAS_UTS_DOMAINNAME
+	dom  = __MKSTRING(ubuff.domainname);
+# else
+#  if defined(HAS_GETDOMAINNAME)
+	{
+	    char buffer[128];
+
+	    if (getdomainname(buffer, sizeof(buffer)) == 0) {
+		dom = __MKSTRING(buffer);
+	    }
+	}
+#  endif
+# endif
+    }
+
+# if defined(HAS_SYSINFO) && defined(SI_ARCHITECTURE)
+    {
+	char buffer[128];
+
+	if (sysinfo(SI_ARCHITECTURE, buffer, sizeof(buffer))) {
+	    arch = __MKSTRING(buffer);
+	}
+    }
+# endif
+
+#else /* no uname */
+
+# ifdef WIN32 
+    char vsnBuffer[32];
+    char *s;
+    int winVer;
+    DWORD vsn;
+    SYSTEM_INFO sysInfo;
+
+    vsn = GetVersion();
+
+    if (HIWORD(vsn) & 0x8000) {
+	s = "win32s";
+    } else {
+	s = "nt";
+    }
+    sys = __MKSTRING(s);
+    winVer = LOWORD(vsn);
+    sprintf(vsnBuffer, "%d.%d", LOBYTE(winVer), HIBYTE(winVer));
+    rel = __MKSTRING(vsnBuffer);
+
+    GetSystemInfo(&sysInfo);
+    switch (sysInfo.wProcessorArchitecture) {
+#  ifdef PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE_INTEL
+	case PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE_INTEL:
+	    s = "intel";
+	    break;
+#  endif
+#  ifdef PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE_MIPS
+	case PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE_MIPS:
+	    s = "mips";
+	    break;
+#  endif
+#  ifdef PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE_ALPHA
+	case PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE_ALPHA:
+	    s = "alpha";
+	    break;
+#  endif
+#  ifdef PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE_PPC
+	case PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE_PPC:
+	    s = "ppc";
+	    break;
+#  endif
+	default:
+	    s = "unknown";
+	    break;
+    }
+    arch = __MKSTRING(s);
+
+    switch (sysInfo.dwProcessorType) {
+#  ifdef PROCESSOR_INTEL_386
+	case PROCESSOR_INTEL_386:
+	    s = "i386";
+	    break;
+#  endif
+#  ifdef PROCESSOR_INTEL_486
+	case PROCESSOR_INTEL_486:
+	    s = "i486";
+	    break;
+#  endif
+#  ifdef PROCESSOR_INTEL_PENTIUM
+	case PROCESSOR_INTEL_PENTIUM:
+	    s = "i586";
+	    break;
+#  endif
+#  ifdef PROCESSOR_INTEL_860
+	case PROCESSOR_INTEL_860:
+	    s = "i860";
+	    break;
+#  endif
+#  ifdef PROCESSOR_MIPS_R2000
+	case PROCESSOR_MIPS_R2000:
+	    s = "r2000";
+	    break;
+#  endif
+#  ifdef PROCESSOR_MIPS_R3000
+	case PROCESSOR_MIPS_R3000:
+	    s = "r3000";
+	    break;
+#  endif
+#  ifdef PROCESSOR_MIPS_R4000
+	case PROCESSOR_MIPS_R4000:
+	    s = "r4000";
+	    break;
+#  endif
+#  ifdef PROCESSOR_ALPHA_21064
+	case PROCESSOR_ALPHA_21064:
+	    s = "alpha21064";
+	    break;
+#  endif
+	default:
+	    sprintf(vsnBuffer, "%d", sysInfo.dwProcessorType);
+	    s = vsnBuffer;
+	    break;
+    }
+    mach = __MKSTRING(s);
+
+# else
+#  ifdef __VMS__
+#  endif /* VMS */
+# endif /* WIN32 */
+#endif /* no uname */
+%}.
+    sys isNil ifTrue:[
+	sys := self getSystemType.
+    ].
+    node isNil ifTrue:[
+	node := self getHostName.
+    ].
+    dom isNil ifTrue:[
+	dom := self getDomainName.
+    ].
+    mach isNil ifTrue:[
+	mach := self getCPUType.
+    ].
+    arch isNil ifTrue:[
+	arch := 'unknown'.
+    ].
+
+    info := IdentityDictionary new.
+    info at:#system put:sys.
+    info at:#node put:node.
+    rel notNil ifTrue:[info at:#release put:rel].
+    ver notNil ifTrue:[info at:#version put:ver].
+    mach notNil ifTrue:[info at:#machine put:mach].
+    arch notNil ifTrue:[info at:#architecture put:arch].
+    dom notNil ifTrue:[info at:#domain put:dom].
+    info at:#osType put:(self getOSType).
+    ^ info
+
+    "
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem getSystemInfo
+    "
+!
+
+getSystemType
+    "return a string giving the type of system we're running on.
+     This is almost the same as getOSType, but the returned string
+     is slightly different for some systems (i.e. iris vs. irix).
+     Dont depend on this - use getOSType. I dont really see a point
+     here ... 
+     (except for slight differences between next/mach and other machs)"
+
+    |sys|
+
+%{
+#   ifdef NEXT
+#    define SYS_STRING "next"
+#   endif
+
+#   ifdef IRIS
+#    define SYS_STRING "iris"
+#   endif
+
+#   ifdef WIN32 
+#    define SYS_STRING  "win32"
+#   endif
+
+#   ifdef SYS_STRING
+     sys = __MKSTRING(SYS_STRING);
+#    undef SYS_STRING
+#   endif
+
+%}.
+    sys isNil ifTrue:[
+	^ self getOSType
+    ].
+    ^ sys
+
+    "
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem getSystemType
+    "
+!
+
+getWindowsDirectory
+    "internal interface - only for Windows based systems.
+     Return the windows directory 
+     (which - depending on the system - may be \WINNT, \WINDOWS or whatever)
+     On non-windows systems, nil is returned."
+
+%{  /* UNLIMITEDSTACK(WIN32) */
+#ifdef WIN32
+    char buffer[MAXPATHLEN];
+
+    if (GetWindowsDirectory(buffer, MAXPATHLEN)) {
+	RETURN (__MKSTRING(buffer));
+    }
+#endif
+%}.
+    ^ nil
+
+    "
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem getWindowsDirectory
+    "
+!
+
+getWindowsSystemDirectory
+    "internal interface - only for Windows based systems.
+     Return the windows system directory 
+     (which - depending on the system - may be \WINNT\SYSTEM32, 
+      \WINDOWS\SYSTEM or whatever)
+     On non-windows systems, nil is returned."
+
+%{  /* UNLIMITEDSTACK(WIN32) */
+#ifdef WIN32
+    char buffer[MAXPATHLEN];
+
+    if (GetSystemDirectory(buffer, MAXPATHLEN)) {
+	RETURN (__MKSTRING(buffer));
+    }
+#endif
+%}.
+    ^ nil
+
+    "
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem getWindowsSystemDirectory
+    "
+!
+
+isBSDlike
+    "return true, if the OS we're running on is a 'real' unix."
+
+%{  /* NOCONTEXT */
+
+#if defined(BSD) || defined(MACH) || defined(SYSV4)
+    RETURN ( true );
+#endif
+%}.
+    ^ false
+!
+
+isMAClike
+    "return true, if running on a macOS (but not on A/UX)"
+
+%{  /* NOCONTEXT */
+
+#if defined(MACOS)
+    RETURN ( true );
+#endif
+%}.
+    ^ false
+!
+
+isMSDOSlike
+    "return true, if the OS we're running on is msdos like 
+     (in contrast to unix-like).
+     This returns true for any of msdos, win32s, win95,
+     winNT and os/2."
+
+%{  /* NOCONTEXT */
+
+#if defined(MSDOS_LIKE)
+    RETURN ( true );
+#endif
+%}.
+    ^ false
+!
+
+isMSWINDOWSlike
+    "return true, if running on a MS-Windows like system.
+     This returns true for any of win32s, win95 and winNT."
+
+%{  /* NOCONTEXT */
+
+#if defined(WIN32)
+    RETURN ( true );
+#endif
+
+%}.
+    ^ false
+!
+
+isOS2like
+    "return true, if the OS we're running on is OS2 like.
+     Only returns true for a plain OS/2 system."
+
+%{  /* NOCONTEXT */
+
+#if defined(OS2)
+    RETURN (true);
+#endif
+
+%}.
+    ^ false
+!
+
+isUNIXlike
+    "return true, if the OS we're running on is a unix like."
+
+%{  /* NOCONTEXT */
+
+#if !defined(UNIX_LIKE) || defined(__VMS__)
+    RETURN ( false );
+#endif
+%}.
+    ^ true
+!
+
+isVMSlike
+    "return true, if the OS we're running in is VMS (or openVMS)."
+
+%{  /* NOCONTEXT */
+
+#if !defined(__VMS__) && !defined(__openVMS__)
+    RETURN (false);
+#endif
+%}.
+    ^ true
+!
+
+maxFileNameLength
+    "return the max number of characters in a filename.
+     CAVEAT:
+	 Actually, the following is somewhat wrong - some systems
+	 support different sizes, depending on the volume.
+	 We return a somewhat conservative number here.
+	 Another entry, to query for volume specific max
+	 will be added in the future."
+
+%{  /* NOCONTEXT */
+ 
+    /*
+     * TODO: newer systems provide a query function for this ... use it
+     */
+#   if defined(BSD) || defined(SYSV4) || defined(LONGFILENAMES)
+     RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(255) );
+#   endif
+
+#   ifdef realIX
+      RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(127) );
+#   endif
+
+#   ifdef SYSV
+      RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(14) );
+#   endif
+
+#   ifdef MSDOS
+     RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(9) );
+#   endif
+
+#   ifdef WIN32
+     /*
+      * mhmh - depends on the filesystem type
+      */
+     RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(9) );
+#   endif
+
+#   ifdef __VMS__
+     RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(38) );
+#   endif
+%}.
+    "unix default"
+
+    ^ 14
+!
+
+maxPathLength
+    "return the max number of characters in a pathName."
+
+%{  /* NOCONTEXT */
+    RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(MAXPATHLEN) );
+%}
+    "
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem maxPathLength   
+    "
+!
+
+pathSeparator
+    "return the character which separates items in the PATH variable"
+
+    self isMSDOSlike ifTrue:[
+	^ $;
+    ].
+    ^ $:
+
+    "Created: 2.5.1997 / 11:36:47 / cg"
+!
+
+platformName
+    "return a string describing the OS platform very we're running on.
+     This returns #unix for all unix derivatives.
+     I.e. it is much less specific than getOSType or getSystemType."
+
+    |os|
+
+    os := self getSystemType.
+    os = 'win32' ifTrue:[ ^ #win32].
+    os = 'os2' ifTrue:[ ^ #os2].
+    os = 'macos' ifTrue:[ ^ #mac].
+    os = 'VMS' ifTrue:[ ^ #vms].
+    os = 'openVMS' ifTrue:[ ^ #vms].
+    ^ #unix
+
+    "
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem platformName
+    "
+
+    "Modified: 20.6.1997 / 17:37:26 / cg"
+!
+
+setLocaleInfo:anInfoDictionary
+    "set the locale information; if set, this oerrides the OS's settings.
+     (internal in ST/X only - the OS's settings remain unaffected)
+     See description of fields in #getLocaleInfo.
+
+     Notice, that (for now), the system does not use this information;
+     it should be used by applications as required."
+
+    LocaleInfo := anInfoDictionary
+
+    "
+     |d|
+
+     d := IdentityDictionary new.
+     d at:#decimalPoint                 put:'.'         .
+     d at:#thousandsSeparator           put:','         .
+     d at:#currencySymbol               put:'USD'       .
+     d at:#monetaryDecimalPoint         put:'.'         .
+     d at:#monetaryThousandsSeparator   put:'.'         .
+     d at:#fractionalDigits             put:2           .
+     d at:#positiveSign                 put:'+'         .
+     d at:#negativeSign                 put:'-'         .
+     d at:#positiveSignPrecedesCurrencySymbol put:true          .
+     d at:#negativeSignPrecedesCurrencySymbol put:false         .
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem setLocaleInfo:d
+    "
+!
+
+supportsChildInterrupts
+    "return true, if the OS supports childProcess termination signalling
+     through interrupts (i.e. SIGCHILD)"
+
+%{  /* NOCONTEXT */
+#if defined(SIGCHLD) || defined(SIGCLD) || defined(__VMS__)
+    RETURN (true);
+#endif
+%}.
+    ^ false
+
+    "
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem supportsChildInterrupts 
+    "
+!
+
+supportsIOInterrupts
+    "return true, if the OS supports IO availability interrupts 
+     (i.e. SIGPOLL/SIGIO).
+
+     Currently, this mechanism does not work on all
+     systems ...
+    "
+
+%{  /* NOCONTEXT */
+
+  /* positive defines here
+   *  - irix5.2 does not work
+   */
+#if defined(LINUX)
+
+# if defined(SIGIO) || defined(SIGPOLL)
+#  if defined(F_GETFL) && defined(F_SETFL) && defined(FASYNC)
+#   if defined(F_SETOWN) || defined(FIOSETOWN)
+
+    RETURN (true);
+
+#   endif
+#  endif
+# endif
+
+#endif /* machines where it works */
+
+%}.
+    ^ false
+
+    "
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem supportsIOInterrupts 
+    "
+!
+
+supportsNonBlockingIO
+    "return true, if the OS supports nonblocking IO."
+
+%{  /* NOCONTEXT */
+#if defined(F_GETFL) && defined(F_SETFL) && defined(FNDELAY)
+       RETURN (true);
+#endif
+%}.
+    ^ false
+
+    "
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem supportsNonBlockingIO  
+    "
+!
+
+supportsSelect
+    "return true, if the OS supports selecting on multiple
+     filedescriptors via select.
+     If false is returned, ProcessorScheduler will poll in 50ms
+     intervals for I/O becoming ready."
+
+%{  /* NOCONTEXT */
+
+#if defined(WIN32)
+# if defined(WIN32S)
+    RETURN (false);
+# else
+    RETURN (false);     /* for now ... */
+    RETURN (true);
+# endif
+#endif
+
+#if defined(__VMS__)
+    RETURN (false);     /* for now ... */
+#endif
+
+#if defined(sco)
+    /*
+     * sco has a select, but its broken: always waiting 1 second
+     */
+    RETURN(false);
+#endif
+%}.
+    ^ true
+
+    "
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem supportsSelect 
+    "
+
+! !
+
+!OpenVMSOperatingSystem class methodsFor:'shared memory access'!
+
+shmAttach:id address:addr flags:flags
+    "low level entry to shmat()-system call.
+     Not supported on all operatingSystems"
+
+%{  /* NOCONTEXT */
+#ifdef WANT_SHM
+    void *address, *shmaddr;
+    int shmflg, shmid;
+
+    if (__isSmallInteger(addr)
+     && __bothSmallInteger(flags, id)) {
+	shmaddr = (void *) __intVal(addr);
+	shmflg = __intVal(flags);
+	shmid = __intVal(id);
+
+	address = shmat(shmid, shmaddr, shmflg);
+	if (address != (void *)-1) {
+	    RETURN (__MKEXTERNALBYTES(addr));
+	}
+	@global(LastErrorNumber) = __MKSMALLINT(errno);
+	RETURN (nil);
+    }
+#endif
+%}.
+    ^ self primitiveFailed
+
+    "Modified: 22.4.1996 / 13:15:12 / cg"
+!
+
+shmDetach:addr
+    "low level entry to shmdt()-system call.
+     Not supported on all operatingSystems"
+
+%{  /* NOCONTEXT */
+#ifdef WANT_SHM
+    void *shmaddr;
+    int rslt;
+
+    if (__isSmallInteger(addr)) {
+	shmaddr = (void *) __intVal(addr);
+
+	rslt = shmdt(shmaddr);
+	if (rslt != -1) {
+	    RETURN (true);
+	}
+	@global(LastErrorNumber) = __MKSMALLINT(errno);
+	RETURN (false);
+    }
+#endif
+%}.
+    ^ self primitiveFailed
+
+    "Modified: 22.4.1996 / 13:15:03 / cg"
+!
+
+shmGet:key size:size flags:flags
+    "low level entry to shmget()-system call.
+     This is not for public use and not supported with all operatingSystems.
+     - use the provided wrapper class SharedExternalBytes instead."
+
+%{  /* NOCONTEXT */
+#ifdef WANT_SHM
+    if (__bothSmallInteger(key, size)
+     && __isSmallInteger(flags)) {
+	int rslt;
+
+	rslt = shmget(__intVal(key), __intVal(size), __intVal(flags));
+	if (rslt != -1) {
+	    RETURN (__MKSMALLINT(rslt));
+	}
+	@global(LastErrorNumber) = __MKSMALLINT(errno);
+	RETURN (nil);
+    }
+#endif
+%}.
+    ^ self primitiveFailed
+
+    "Modified: 22.4.1996 / 13:14:46 / cg"
+! !
+
+!OpenVMSOperatingSystem class methodsFor:'time and date'!
+
+computeDatePartsOf:osTime for:aBlock
+    "compute year, month and day from the OS time, osTime
+     and evaluate the argument, a 3-arg block with these.
+     Conversion is to localtime including any daylight saving adjustments."
+
+    |year month day osSeconds|
+
+    osSeconds := osTime // 1000.
+%{
+    struct tm* tmPtr;
+    INT t;
+    TIME_T tt;
+
+    t = __longIntVal(osSeconds);
+    tt = (TIME_T)t;
+
+    tmPtr = localtime(&tt);
+    year = __MKSMALLINT(tmPtr->tm_year + 1900);
+    month = __MKSMALLINT(tmPtr->tm_mon + 1);
+    day = __MKSMALLINT(tmPtr->tm_mday);
+%}.
+    aBlock value:year value:month value:day
+
+    "
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem computeDatePartsOf:0 for:[:y :m :d |
+	y printCR. m printCR. d printCR
+     ]
+    "
+!
+
+computeOSTimeFromYear:y month:m day:d hour:h minute:min seconds:s millis:millis
+    "return the OS-dependent time for the given time and day. 
+     The arguments are assumed to be in localtime including
+     any daylight saving adjustings."
+
+    |osSeconds|
+
+%{
+    struct tm tm;
+    TIME_T t;
+
+    if (__bothSmallInteger(y, m) 
+     && __bothSmallInteger(d, h)
+     && __bothSmallInteger(min, s)) {
+	tm.tm_hour = __intVal(h);
+	tm.tm_min = __intVal(min);
+	tm.tm_sec = __intVal(s);
+
+	tm.tm_year = __intVal(y) - 1900;
+	tm.tm_mon = __intVal(m) - 1;
+	tm.tm_mday = __intVal(d);
+	tm.tm_isdst = -1;
+
+	t = mktime(&tm);
+	osSeconds = __MKUINT((INT)t);
+    }
+%}.
+    osSeconds notNil ifTrue:[
+	^ osSeconds * 1000 + millis
+    ].    
+    ^ self primitiveFailed
+
+    "
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem computeOSTimeFromYear:1970 month:1 day:1 hour:0 minute:0 seconds:0 millis:0
+    "
+
+!
+
+computeTimeAndDateFrom:osTime
+    "given an OS-dependent time in osTime, return an Array
+     containing (full-) year, month, day, hour, minute and seconds,
+     offset to UTC, daylight savings time flag, milliseconds,
+     dayInYear (1..) and dayInWeek (1..).
+     Conversion is to localtime including any daylight saving adjustments."
+
+    |low hi year month day hours minutes seconds millis utcOffset 
+     dst yDay wDay osSeconds ret|
+
+    millis := osTime \\ 1000.
+    osSeconds := osTime // 1000.
+%{
+    struct tm *tmPtr;
+    struct tm *gmTmPtr;
+    INT t;
+    TIME_T tt;
+
+    t = __longIntVal(osSeconds);
+    tt = (TIME_T)t;
+
+    tmPtr = localtime(&tt);
+    hours = __MKSMALLINT(tmPtr->tm_hour);
+    minutes = __MKSMALLINT(tmPtr->tm_min);
+    seconds = __MKSMALLINT(tmPtr->tm_sec);
+
+    year = __MKSMALLINT(tmPtr->tm_year + 1900);
+    month = __MKSMALLINT(tmPtr->tm_mon + 1);
+    day = __MKSMALLINT(tmPtr->tm_mday);
+
+    yDay = __MKSMALLINT(tmPtr->tm_yday+1);
+    wDay = __MKSMALLINT(tmPtr->tm_wday == 0 ? 7 : tmPtr->tm_wday);
+
+    if (tmPtr->tm_isdst == 0) {
+	dst = false;
+	utcOffset = __MKINT(TIMEZONE(tmPtr));
+    } else {
+	dst = true;
+#ifdef HAS_ALTZONE
+	utcOffset = __MKINT(altzone);
+#else
+	utcOffset = __MKINT(TIMEZONE(tmPtr) + 3600);
+#endif
+    }
+%}.
+    "I would love to have SELF-like inline objects ..."
+    ret := Array new:11.
+    ret at:1 put:year.
+    ret at:2 put:month.
+    ret at:3 put:day.
+    ret at:4 put:hours.
+    ret at:5 put:minutes.
+    ret at:6 put:seconds.
+    ret at:7 put:utcOffset.
+    ret at:8 put:dst.
+    ret at:9 put:millis.
+    ret at:10 put:yDay.
+    ret at:11 put:wDay.
+    ^ ret
+
+    "
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem computeTimeAndDateFrom:0
+    "
+!
+
+computeTimePartsOf:osTime for:aBlock
+    "compute hours, minutes, seconds and milliseconds from the osTime 
+     and evaluate the argument, a 4-arg block with these.
+     Conversion is to localtime including any daylight saving adjustments."
+
+    |hours minutes seconds millis osSeconds|
+
+    osSeconds := osTime // 1000.
+    millis := osTime \\ 1000.
+%{
+    struct tm *tmPtr;
+    INT t;
+    TIME_T tt;
+
+    t = __longIntVal(osSeconds);
+    tt = (TIME_T)t;
+
+    tmPtr = localtime(&tt);
+    hours = __MKSMALLINT(tmPtr->tm_hour);
+    minutes = __MKSMALLINT(tmPtr->tm_min);
+    seconds = __MKSMALLINT(tmPtr->tm_sec);
+%}.
+    aBlock value:hours value:minutes value:seconds value:millis
+
+    "
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem computeTimePartsOf:100 for:[:h :m :s :milli |
+	h printCR. m printCR. s printCR. millis printCR
+     ]
+    "
+!
+
+computeUTCTimeAndDateFrom:osTime
+    "given an OS-dependent time in osTime, return an Array
+     containing year, month, day, hour, minute and seconds,
+     offset to UTC, daylight savings time flag, milliseconds,
+     dayInYear (1..) and dayInWeek (1..).
+     Conversion is to UTC."
+
+    |low hi year month day hours minutes seconds millis utcOffset 
+     dst yDay wDay osSeconds ret|
+
+    millis := osTime \\ 1000.
+    osSeconds := osTime // 1000.
+%{
+    struct tm *tmPtr;
+    struct tm *gmTmPtr;
+    long t;
+
+    t = __longIntVal(osSeconds);
+
+    tmPtr = gmtime(&t);
+    hours = __MKSMALLINT(tmPtr->tm_hour);
+    minutes = __MKSMALLINT(tmPtr->tm_min);
+    seconds = __MKSMALLINT(tmPtr->tm_sec);
+
+    year = __MKSMALLINT(tmPtr->tm_year + 1900);
+    month = __MKSMALLINT(tmPtr->tm_mon + 1);
+    day = __MKSMALLINT(tmPtr->tm_mday);
+
+    yDay = __MKSMALLINT(tmPtr->tm_yday + 1);
+    wDay = __MKSMALLINT(tmPtr->tm_wday == 0 ? 7 : tmPtr->tm_wday);
+
+    if (tmPtr->tm_isdst == 0) {
+	dst = false;
+	utcOffset = __MKINT(TIMEZONE(tmPtr));
+    } else {
+	dst = true;
+#ifdef HAS_ALTZONE
+	utcOffset = __MKINT(altzone);
+#else
+	utcOffset = __MKINT(TIMEZONE(tmPtr) + 3600);
+#endif
+    }
+%}.
+    "I would love to have SELF-like inline objects ..."
+    ret := Array new:11.
+    ret at:1 put:year.
+    ret at:2 put:month.
+    ret at:3 put:day.
+    ret at:4 put:hours.
+    ret at:5 put:minutes.
+    ret at:6 put:seconds.
+    ret at:7 put:utcOffset.
+    ret at:8 put:dst.
+    ret at:9 put:millis.
+    ret at:10 put:yDay.
+    ret at:11 put:wDay.
+    ^ ret
+
+    "
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem computeUTCTimeAndDateFrom:0
+    "
+!
+
+computeUTCTimePartsOf:osTime for:aBlock
+    "compute hours, minutes, seconds and milliseconds from the osTime 
+     and evaluate the argument, a 4-arg block with these.
+     Conversion is to UTC."
+
+    |hours minutes seconds millis osSeconds|
+
+    osSeconds := osTime // 1000.
+    millis := osTime \\ 1000.
+%{
+    struct tm *tmPtr;
+    long t;
+
+    t = __longIntVal(osSeconds);
+
+    tmPtr = gmtime(&t);
+    hours = __MKSMALLINT(tmPtr->tm_hour);
+    minutes = __MKSMALLINT(tmPtr->tm_min);
+    seconds = __MKSMALLINT(tmPtr->tm_sec);
+%}.
+    aBlock value:hours value:minutes value:seconds value:millis
+
+    "
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem computeUTCTimePartsOf:100 for:[:h :m :s :milli |
+	h printCR. m printCR. s printCR. milli printCR
+     ]
+    "
+!
+
+getMillisecondTime
+    "This returns the millisecond timers value. 
+     The range is limited to 0..1fffffff (i.e. the SmallInteger range) to avoid
+     LargeInteger arithmetic when doing timeouts and delays.
+     Since this value is wrapping around in regular intervals, this can only be used for 
+     short relative time deltas.
+     Use the millisecondTimeXXX:-methods to compare and add time deltas - these know about the wrap.
+
+     BAD DESIGN:
+	This should be changed to return some instance of RelativeTime,
+	and these computations moved there.
+
+     Dont use this method in application code since it is an internal (private)
+     interface. For compatibility with ST-80, use Time millisecondClockValue.
+    "
+
+%{  /* NOCONTEXT */
+
+    long t = 0;
+
+#if !defined(HAS_GETTIMEOFDAY)
+# if defined(HAS_FTIME)
+    struct timeb timebuffer;
+
+    ftime(&timebuffer);
+    t = (timebuffer.time * 1000) + timebuffer.millitm;
+#   define HAVE_TIME
+# endif
+
+# ifndef HAVE_TIME
+#  if defined(SYSV) && defined(HZ)
+    /* 
+     * sys5 time
+     */
+    long ticks;
+    struct tms tb;
+
+    ticks = times(&tb);
+    t = (ticks * 1000) / HZ;
+#   define HAVE_TIME
+#  endif /* old SYSV stuff */
+# endif
+
+# ifndef HAVE_TIME
+#  ifdef WIN32
+    t = GetTickCount();
+#   define HAVE_TIME
+#  endif
+# endif
+
+# ifndef HAVE_TIME
+#  ifdef MSDOS_LIKE
+    struct _timeb timebuffer;
+
+    _ftime(&timebuffer);
+    t = (timebuffer.time * 1000) + timebuffer.millitm;
+#   define HAVE_TIME
+#  endif
+# endif
+#endif
+
+#ifndef HAVE_TIME
+    /* assume HAS_GETTIMEOFDAY 
+     * - will result in a linkage error
+     * if not fixed.
+     */
+
+    /*
+     * bsd time
+     */
+    struct timeval tb;
+    struct timezone tzb;
+
+    gettimeofday(&tb, &tzb);
+    t = tb.tv_sec*1000 + tb.tv_usec/1000;
+#endif
+
+#undef HAVE_TIME
+
+    RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(t & 0x1FFFFFFF) );
+%}
+!
+
+getOSTime
+    "This returns the OS time.
+     The base of the returned value is not consistent across
+     different OS's - some return the number of millis since jan, 1st 1970;
+     others since 1900. The Time classes are prepared for this, and 
+     converts as appropriate (by using my fromOSTime: conversion methods).
+
+     Dont use this method in application code since it is an internal (private)
+     interface. For compatibility with ST-80, use Time>>millisecondClockValue.
+     or use instances of Time, Date or AbsoluteTime to work with.
+    "
+
+    |seconds millis|
+
+%{
+
+    long t;
+
+#if !defined(HAS_GETTIMEOFDAY) 
+# if defined(HAS_FTIME)
+    struct timeb timebuffer;
+
+    ftime(&timebuffer);
+    seconds = __MKUINT(timebuffer.time);
+    millis = __MKUINT(timebuffer.millitm);
+#   define HAVE_TIME
+# endif
+
+# ifndef HAVE_TIME
+#  if defined(SYSV) && defined(HZ)
+    /* 
+     * sys5 time; we have to fake the information
+     * the returned value is inexact.
+     */
+    int now;
+    long ticks;
+    struct tms tb;
+
+    now = time(0);   /* seconds since 1970 ... */
+    seconds = __MKUINT(now);
+
+    ticks = times(&tb);
+    t = (ticks * 1000) / HZ;
+    t = t % 1000;
+    millis = __MKSMALLINT(t);
+#  endif /* OLD SYSV stuff */
+# endif
+
+# ifndef HAVE_TIME
+#  ifdef MSDOS_LIKE
+    struct _timeb timebuffer;
+
+    _ftime(&timebuffer);
+    seconds = __MKUINT(timebuffer.time);
+    millis = __MKUINT(timebuffer.millitm);
+#   define HAVE_TIME
+#  endif
+# endif
+#endif
+
+#ifndef HAVE_TIME
+    /* assume HAS_GETTIMEOFDAY 
+     * - will result in a linkage error
+     * if not fixed.
+     */
+    /*
+     * bsd time
+     */
+    struct timeval tb;
+    struct timezone tzb;
+
+    gettimeofday(&tb, &tzb);
+
+    /* 
+     * mhmh long-long stuff seems not to work correctly 
+     * on all machines (sparc)
+     * being conservative here ...
+     */
+
+# if defined(__GNUC__) && (__GNUC__ >= 2) && defined(i386) && defined(LINUX)
+#   define HAS_LONGLONG
+# endif
+
+# ifdef HAS_LONGLONG
+    {
+	unsigned long long _secs, _millis, rslt;
+	unsigned low, hi;
+
+	_secs = tb.tv_sec;
+	_millis = tb.tv_usec / 1000;
+	rslt = _secs * 1000 + _millis;
+	low = rslt & 0xFFFFFFFF;
+	hi = rslt >> 32;
+	RETURN (__MKLARGEINT64(1, low, hi));
+    }
+# endif /* long long */
+
+# ifdef alpha64
+    {
+	unsigned INT _secs, _millis, rslt;
+
+	_secs = (INT) tb.tv_sec;
+	_millis = (INT) tb.tv_usec / 1000;
+	rslt = _secs * 1000 + _millis;
+	RETURN (__MKUINT(rslt));
+    }
+# endif /* alpha */
+
+    seconds = __MKUINT(tb.tv_sec);
+    millis = __MKUINT(tb.tv_usec / 1000);
+
+#endif
+
+#undef HAVE_TIME
+
+%}.
+    ^ (seconds * 1000) + millis
+
+    "
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem getOSTime printCR.
+     Delay waitForSeconds:0.2.
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem getOSTime printCR.
+    "
+!
+
+millisecondDelay:millis
+    "delay execution for millis milliseconds or until the next event
+     arrives.
+     All lower priority threads will also sleep for the duration, 
+     interrupts (and therefore, higher prio processes) are
+     still handled. 
+     Better use a Delay, to only delay the calling thread.
+     (however, a delay cannot be used in the event handler or scheduler)"
+
+    |now then delta|
+
+%{  /* NOCONTEXT */
+#ifdef xxWIN32
+    /*
+     * does not work under WIN95 - sigh
+     */
+    int t = __intVal(millis);
+
+    if (t) {
+	Sleep(t);
+    }
+    RETURN (self);
+#endif
+#ifdef __openVMS__
+# ifdef HAS_USLEEP
+    int millis = __intVal(millis);
+    int micros;
+
+    while (millis >= 1000) {
+	sleep(1);
+	if (InterruptPending != nil) {
+	    break;
+	}
+	millis -= 1000;
+    }
+    micros = millis * 1000;
+    if (InterruptPending == nil) {
+	usleep(micros);
+    }
+    RETURN(self);
+# endif
+#endif
+%}.
+ 
+    now := OpenVMSOperatingSystem getMillisecondTime.
+    then := OpenVMSOperatingSystem millisecondTimeAdd:now and:millis.
+
+    [OpenVMSOperatingSystem millisecondTime:then isAfter:now] whileTrue:[
+	delta := OpenVMSOperatingSystem millisecondTimeDeltaBetween:then and:now.
+	self selectOnAnyReadable:nil writable:nil exception:nil withTimeOut:delta.
+	now := OpenVMSOperatingSystem getMillisecondTime.
+    ]
+
+    "
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem millisecondDelay:2000
+    "
+!
+
+sleep:numberOfSeconds
+    "{ Pragma: +optSpace }"
+
+    "cease ANY action for some time. This suspends the whole smalltalk
+     (unix-) process for some time.
+     Not really useful since not even low-prio processes and interrupt
+     handling will run during the sleep.
+     Use either OpenVMSOperatingSystem>>millisecondDelay: (which makes all
+     threads sleep, but handles interrupts) or use a Delay (which makes
+     only the calling thread sleep)."
+
+%{  /* NOCONTEXT */
+
+    if (__isSmallInteger(numberOfSeconds)) {
+	sleep(__intVal(numberOfSeconds));
+	RETURN ( self );
+    }
+%}.
+    "
+     argument not integer
+    "
+    ^ self primitiveFailed
+
+    "
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem sleep:2
+    "
+! !
+
+!OpenVMSOperatingSystem class methodsFor:'users & groups'!
+
+getEffectiveGroupID
+    "{ Pragma: +optSpace }"
+
+    "return the current users (thats you) effective numeric group id.
+     This is only different from getGroupID, if you have ST/X running
+     as a setuid program (of which you should think about twice)."
+
+%{  /* NOCONTEXT */
+
+#ifdef UNIX_LIKE
+    int uid;
+
+    uid = getegid();
+    RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(uid) );
+#endif
+    /* --- return same as getGroupID --- */
+%}.
+    ^ self getGroupID
+
+    "
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem getEffectiveGroupID
+    "
+!
+
+getEffectiveUserID
+    "{ Pragma: +optSpace }"
+
+    "return the current users (thats you) effective numeric user id.
+     This is only different from getUserID, if you have ST/X running
+     as a setuid program (of which you should think about twice)."
+
+%{  /* NOCONTEXT */
+
+#ifdef UNIX_LIKE
+    int uid;
+
+    uid = geteuid();
+    RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(uid) );
+#endif
+    /* --- return same as getUserID --- */
+%}.
+    ^ self getUserID
+
+    "
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem getEffectiveUserID
+    "
+!
+
+getFullUserNameFromID:userID
+    "{ Pragma: +optSpace }"
+
+    "return a string with the users full name - if available.
+     If not, return the login name as a fallBack."
+
+    |info gecos|
+
+    info := self userInfoOf:userID.
+    (info notNil
+    and:[info includesKey:#gecos]) ifTrue:[
+	gecos := info at:#gecos.
+	(gecos includes:$,) ifTrue:[
+	    ^ gecos copyTo:(gecos indexOf:$,) - 1
+	].
+	^ gecos
+    ].
+    ^ self getUserNameFromID:userID
+
+    "
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem getFullUserNameFromID:0 
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem getFullUserNameFromID:(OpenVMSOperatingSystem getUserID)  
+
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem getUserNameFromID:(OpenVMSOperatingSystem getUserID)  
+    "
+
+    "Modified: 15.7.1996 / 12:44:21 / cg"
+!
+
+getGroupID
+    "{ Pragma: +optSpace }"
+
+    "return the current users (thats you) numeric group id"
+
+%{  /* NOCONTEXT */
+
+#ifdef UNIX_LIKE
+    int uid;
+
+    uid = getgid();
+    RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(uid) );
+#else
+# ifdef SYSTEM_HAS_GROUPS
+    /* ... */
+# endif
+#endif
+%}.
+    ^ 1 "just a dummy for systems which do not have userIDs"
+
+    "
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem getGroupID
+    "
+!
+
+getGroupNameFromID:aNumber
+    "{ Pragma: +optSpace }"
+
+    "return the group-name-string for a given numeric group-id"
+
+%{  /* NOCONTEXT */
+
+#ifdef UNIX_LIKE
+# ifndef __openVMS__
+    struct group *g;
+
+    if (__isSmallInteger(aNumber)) {
+	g = getgrgid(__intVal(aNumber));
+	if (g) {
+	    RETURN ( __MKSTRING(g->gr_name) );
+	}
+    }
+# endif /* not openVMS */
+#endif /* unix-like */
+%}.
+    ^ '???'
+
+    "
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem getGroupNameFromID:0
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem getGroupNameFromID:10
+    "
+!
+
+getHomeDirectory
+    "{ Pragma: +optSpace }"
+
+    "return the name of the users home directory
+     (i.e. yours)"
+
+    ^ OpenVMSOperatingSystem getEnvironment:'HOME'
+
+    "
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem getHomeDirectory
+    "
+
+    "Modified: 24.1.1997 / 11:32:13 / cg"
+!
+
+getLoginName
+    "{ Pragma: +optSpace }"
+
+    "return a string with the users login name (thats yours)"
+
+%{  /* NOCONTEXT */
+    static char cachedName[64];
+    static firstCall = 1;
+    extern char *getenv();
+    extern char *getlogin();
+
+    char *name = (char *)0;
+
+#ifdef UNIX_LIKE
+# ifndef __openVMS__
+    if (firstCall) {
+	name = getlogin();
+	if (! name || (name[0] == 0)) {
+	    name = getenv("LOGNAME");
+	}
+	if (name && (strlen(name) < sizeof(cachedName))) {
+	    strcpy(cachedName, name);
+	    firstCall = 0;
+	}
+    } else {
+	name = cachedName;
+    }
+# else /* openVMS */
+# endif
+#else
+# ifdef WIN32
+    if (firstCall) {
+	int nameSize = sizeof(cachedName);
+
+	if (GetUserName(cachedName, &nameSize) == TRUE) {
+	    name = cachedName;
+	    firstCall = 0;
+	}
+    } else {
+	name = cachedName;
+    }
+# endif
+#endif
+    /*
+     * try a few common environment variables ...
+     */
+    if (! name || (name[0] == 0) ) {
+	name = getenv("LOGIN");
+	if (! name || (name[0] == 0) ) {
+	    name = getenv("LOGNAME");
+	    if (! name || (name[0] == 0) ) {
+		name = getenv("USER");
+	    }
+	}
+    }
+    /*
+     * nope - I really font know who you are.
+     */
+    if (! name || (name[0] == 0) ) {
+	name = "you";
+    }
+
+    RETURN ( __MKSTRING(name) );
+%}.
+    "
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem getLoginName
+    "
+!
+
+getUserID
+    "{ Pragma: +optSpace }"
+
+    "return the current users (thats you) numeric user id"
+
+%{  /* NOCONTEXT */
+
+#ifdef UNIX_LIKE
+    int uid;
+
+    uid = getuid();
+    RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(uid) );
+#else
+# ifdef SYSTEM_HAS_USERS
+    /* ... */
+# endif
+#endif
+%}.
+    ^ 1 "just a dummy for systems which do not have userIDs"
+
+    "
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem getUserID
+    "
+!
+
+getUserNameFromID:aNumber
+    "{ Pragma: +optSpace }"
+
+    "return the user-name-string for a given numeric user-id.
+     This is the login name, not the fullName."
+
+%{  /* NOCONTEXT */
+
+#ifdef UNIX_LIKE
+# ifndef NO_PWD
+    struct passwd *p;
+
+    if (__isSmallInteger(aNumber)) {
+	p = getpwuid(__intVal(aNumber));
+	if (p) {
+	    RETURN ( __MKSTRING(p->pw_name) );
+	}
+    }
+# else
+#  ifdef __VMS__
+#  endif
+# endif
+#endif /* unix-like */
+%}.
+    aNumber == self getUserID ifTrue:[
+	^ self getLoginName
+    ].
+
+    ^ '? (' , aNumber printString , ')'
+
+    "
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem getUserNameFromID:0
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem getUserNameFromID:100
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem getUserNameFromID:9991 
+    "
+!
+
+userInfoOf:aNameOrID
+    "{ Pragma: +optSpace }"
+
+    "return a dictionary filled with userinfo. The argument can be either
+     a string with the users name or its numeric id.
+     Notice, that not all systems provide (all of) this info;
+     DOS systems return nothing; 
+     non-SYSV4 systems have no age/comment.
+     Portable applications may want to check the systemType and NOT depend
+     on all keys to be present in the returned dictionary.
+     Another notice: on some systems (SYSV4), the gecos field includes multiple
+     entries (i.e. not just the name), separated by commas. You may want to
+     extract any substring, up to the first comma to get the real life name."
+
+    |info name passw uid gid age comment
+     gecos dir shell|
+
+%{
+#ifdef UNIX_LIKE
+# ifndef NO_PWD
+    struct passwd *buf;
+    int ret;
+
+    if (__isString(aNameOrID)) {
+	buf = getpwnam(__stringVal(aNameOrID));
+    } else if (__isSmallInteger(aNameOrID)) {
+	buf = getpwuid(__intVal(aNameOrID));
+    } else {
+	buf = (struct passwd *)0;
+    }
+    if (buf) {
+	name = __MKSTRING(buf->pw_name);
+#  ifndef NO_PWD_PASSWD
+	passw = __MKSTRING(buf->pw_passwd);
+#  endif
+#  ifdef SYSV4
+	age = __MKSTRING(buf->pw_age);
+	comment = __MKSTRING(buf->pw_comment);
+#  endif
+	dir = __MKSTRING(buf->pw_dir);
+#  ifndef NO_PWD_GECOS
+	gecos = __MKSTRING(buf->pw_gecos);
+#  endif
+	shell = __MKSTRING(buf->pw_shell);
+
+	uid = __MKSMALLINT(buf->pw_uid);
+	gid = __MKSMALLINT(buf->pw_gid);
+    }
+# endif /* has PWD */
+#endif
+%}.
+    info := IdentityDictionary new.
+    name isNil ifTrue:[
+	aNameOrID == self getUserID ifTrue:[
+	    name := self getLoginName
+	].
+    ].
+    name notNil ifTrue:[
+	info at:#name put:name.
+    ] ifFalse:[
+	info at:#name put:'unknown'
+    ].
+    passw notNil ifTrue:[info at:#passwd put:passw].
+    age notNil ifTrue:[info at:#age put:age].
+    comment notNil ifTrue:[info at:#comment put:comment].
+    gecos notNil ifTrue:[info at:#gecos put:gecos].
+    shell notNil ifTrue:[info at:#shell put:shell].
+    dir isNil ifTrue:[
+	aNameOrID == self getUserID ifTrue:[
+	    dir := self getHomeDirectory
+	]
+    ].
+    dir notNil ifTrue:[info at:#dir put:dir].
+    uid notNil ifTrue:[info at:#uid put:uid].
+    gid  notNil ifTrue:[info at:#gid put:gid].
+    ^ info
+
+    "
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem userInfoOf:'root'
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem userInfoOf:1
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem userInfoOf:'claus' 
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem userInfoOf:'fooBar' 
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem userInfoOf:(OpenVMSOperatingSystem getUserID)
+    "
+! !
+
+!OpenVMSOperatingSystem class methodsFor:'waiting for events'!
+
+blockingChildProcessWait
+     "return true, if childProcessWait: blocks, if no children are ready.
+      On those systems, we must be somewhat careful when looking out for
+      a subprocesses status (to avoid blocking)."
+
+%{ /*NOCONTEXT*/
+#if defined(HAS_WAITPID) || defined(HAS_WAIT3) || defined(WIN32) || defined(__VMS__)
+    RETURN(false);
+#else
+    RETURN(true);
+#endif
+%}
+!
+
+childProcessWait:blocking pid:pidToWait
+    "{ Pragma: +optSpace }"
+
+    "get status changes from child processes.
+     Return an OSProcessStatus or nil, if no process has terminated.
+     If blocking is true, we wait until a process changed state, 
+     otherwise we return immediately.
+     Note that win32 needs to know the HANDLE of the process on which 
+     it waits.  In case of an error, THIS ALWAYS WAITS and then times out."
+
+    |pid status code core|
+%{
+#ifdef WIN32
+    DWORD endStatus;
+ 
+    if (__isExternalAddress(pidToWait) ) {
+	endStatus = WaitForSingleObject( _HANDLEVal(pidToWait), blocking==true ? INFINITE : 0 );
+	if ( endStatus == WAIT_TIMEOUT ) {
+	     status = @symbol(timeout);
+	     /* mhmh david - shouln't we return nil here ? */
+	     RETURN(nil);
+	} else {
+	     status = @symbol(exit);
+	}
+	code = __MKSMALLINT(endStatus);
+	core = false;
+	pid = pidToWait;
+    }
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __VMS__
+    {
+	long endStatus, endPid;
+
+	if (! __vms_waitPid(-1, &endStatus, &endPid)) {
+	    /*
+	     * no process finished
+	     */
+	    RETURN(nil);
+	}
+	status = @symbol(exit);
+	code = __MKUINT(endStatus);
+	pid = __MKUINT(endPid);
+	core = false;
+    }
+#endif /* __VMS__ */
+
+#if defined(UNIX_LIKE) && !defined(__VMS__)
+    int p;
+
+# if defined(HAS_WAITPID)
+
+    int s;
+#   define __WAIT     waitpid(-1, &s, blocking == true ? WUNTRACED : WNOHANG|WUNTRACED)
+
+# else
+#  if defined(HAS_WAIT3)
+
+    union wait s;
+#   define __WAIT      wait3(&s, blocking == true ? WUNTRACED : WNOHANG|WUNTRACED, 0)
+
+#  else /* neither waitpid, nor wait3; use wait, which is blocking */
+
+    int s;
+#   define __WAIT      wait(&s)
+#   define __BLOCKING_WAIT__ 1
+
+    if (blocking != true) {
+	/*
+	 * We do not support nonBlocking waits, so signal an error
+	 * Sorry about the goto, but with all these ifdefs ...
+	 */
+	goto done;
+    }
+#  endif /*!HAS_WAIT3*/
+# endif  /*!HAS_WAITPID*/
+
+# if !defined(WIFEXITED)
+#  define WIFEXITED(stat)      (((int)((stat)&0377))==0)
+#  define WIFSIGNALED(stat)    (((int)((stat)&0377))>0&&((int)(((stat)>>8)&0377))==0)
+#  define WIFSTOPPED(stat)     (((int)((stat)&0377))==0177&&((int)(((stat)>>8)&0377))!=0)
+
+#  define WEXITSTATUS(stat)    ((int)(((stat)>>8)&0377))
+#  define WTERMSIG(stat)       (((int)((stat)&0377))&0177)
+#  define WSTOPSIG(stat)       ((int)(((stat)>>8)&0377))
+# endif /*!WIFEXITED*/
+
+# if !defined(WCOREDUMP)
+   /*
+    * some systems lack that definition, although the field is there ...
+    */
+#  if defined(HAS_WAIT3)
+#   define WCOREDUMP(status)    (((union __wait*)&(status))->__w_coredump)
+#  else
+#   define WCOREDUMP(status)    ((int)(((status)>>8)&0200))
+#  endif
+# endif /*!WCOREDUMP*/
+
+# if __BLOCKING_WAIT__
+    __BEGIN_INTERRUPTABLE__
+# endif
+
+    do {
+	p = __WAIT;
+    } while (p == -1 && errno == EINTR);
+
+# if __BLOCKING_WAIT__
+    __END_INTERRUPTABLE__
+#   undef __BLOCKING_WAIT__
+# endif
+
+# undef __WAIT
+
+    if (p == 0)
+	RETURN(nil)
+
+    if (p == -1) {
+	if (errno == ECHILD)
+	    RETURN(nil);
+    } else {
+	pid = __MKSMALLINT(p);
+	if (WIFEXITED(s)) {
+	    status = @symbol(exit);
+	    code = __MKSMALLINT(WEXITSTATUS(s));
+	    core = WCOREDUMP(s) ? true : false;
+	} else if (WIFSIGNALED(s)) {
+	    status = @symbol(signal);
+	    code = __MKSMALLINT(WTERMSIG(s));
+	} else if (WIFSTOPPED(s)) {
+	    status = @symbol(stop);
+	    code = __MKSMALLINT(WSTOPSIG(s));
+	}
+# if defined(WIFCONTINUED)
+	else if (WIFCONTINUED(s)) {
+	    status = @symbol(continue);
+	} 
+# endif
+    }
+done: ;
+#endif /* UNIX_LIKE */
+%}.
+
+    (status isNil or:[pid isNil]) ifTrue:[
+	^ self primitiveFailed
+    ].
+
+"/ Transcript show:'pid: '; show:pid; show:' status: '; show:status;
+"/ show:' code: '; show:code; show:' core:'; showCR:core.
+
+    ^ OSProcessStatus pid:pid status:status code:code core:core
+
+    "
+     OpenVMSOperatingSystem childProcessWait:false
+    "
+
+    "Created: 5.1.1996 / 16:39:14 / stefan"
+!
+
+numAvailableForReadOn:fd
+    "return the number of bytes available for reading, without blocking."
+
+%{
+#ifdef NOTDEF   /* does not work ... */
+    /*
+     * if available, try FIONREAD first, which is usually done faster.
+     */
+# if defined(FIONREAD) && !defined(WIN32)
+    {
+        int n;
+
+        if (__isSmallInteger(fd)) {
+            if (ioctl(__intVal(fd), FIONREAD, &n) >= 0) {
+                RETURN (__MKINT(n));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+# endif /* FIONREAD */
+#endif
+%}.
+    ^ (self readCheck:fd) ifTrue:[1] ifFalse:[0]
+!
+
+readCheck:fd
+    "return true, if data is available on a filedescriptor 
+     (i.e. read is possible without blocking).
+     This depends on a working select or FIONREAD to be provided by the OS."
+
+%{
+#ifdef NOTDEF   /* does not work ... */
+    /*
+     * if available, try FIONREAD first, which is usually done faster.
+     */
+# if defined(FIONREAD) && !defined(WIN32)
+    {
+	int n;
+
+	if (__isSmallInteger(fd)) {
+	    if (n = ioctl(__intVal(fd), FIONREAD)) {
+		printf("FIONREAD returns %d\n", n);
+	    }
+	}
+    }
+# endif /* FIONREAD */
+#endif
+
+# ifdef __VMS__
+#  ifdef DOES_NOT_WORK_YET
+    {
+	/*
+	 * do a sys$qio ..
+	 * fd here is suposed to be a channel nr.
+	 */
+	struct IOSB iosb;
+	int status;
+	int channel;
+	struct typahdask sensebuf;
+
+	if (__isSmallInteger(fd)) {
+	    channel = __intVal(fd);
+	    status = SYS$QIO(0, /* efn */
+			     channel,
+			     IO$_SENSEMODE | IO$M_TYPEAHDCNT,
+			     &iosb,
+			     0, /* ast */
+			     0, /* ast arg */
+			     &sensebuf,         /* data */
+			     sizeof(sensebuf),  /* data size */
+			     0, 0, 0, 0);
+	    if (status != SS$_NORMAL) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "OS [info]: SYS$QIO failed on %d\n", channel);
+	    } else {
+		fprintf(stderr, "sys$QIO -> %d\n", sensebuf.typcnt);
+	    }
+	}
+    }
+#  endif
+# endif /* __VMS__ */
+%}.
+
+    ^ super readCheck:fd
+!
+
+selectOnAnyReadable:readFdArray writable:writeFdArray exception:exceptFdArray withTimeOut:millis
+    "wait for any fd in readFdArray (an Array of integers) to become ready for 
+     reading, writeFdArray to become ready for writing, or exceptFdArray to 
+     arrive exceptional data (i.e. out-of-band data).
+     Timeout after t milliseconds or, if the timeout time is 0, immediately..
+     Empty fd-sets will always wait. Zero time can be used to poll file-
+     descriptors (i.e. to check if I/O possible without blocking).
+     Return first ready fd if I/O ok, nil if timed-out or interrupted."
+
+%{
+#ifdef WIN32S /* OLD code - without select NO-LONGER-USED */
+    /*
+     * support a delay-wait only
+     * (i.e. fail if any filedescriptor is selected upon)
+     */
+    int count;
+    int i;
+    int t;
+    OBJ fd;
+
+    @global(LastErrorNumber) = nil;
+
+    if (! __isSmallInteger(millis)) {
+        goto fail;
+    }
+
+    if (readFdArray != nil) {
+        if (! __isArray(readFdArray)) {
+            goto fail;  
+        }
+        count = __arraySize(readFdArray);
+        for (i=0; i<count;i++) {
+            fd = __ArrayInstPtr(readFdArray)->a_element[i];
+            if (fd != nil) {
+                if (__isSmallInteger(fd) && (__intVal(fd) >= 0)) {
+                    goto fail;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    if (writeFdArray != nil) {
+        if (! __isArray(writeFdArray)) {
+            goto fail;
+        }
+        count = __arraySize(writeFdArray);
+        for (i=0; i<count;i++) {
+            fd = __ArrayInstPtr(writeFdArray)->a_element[i];
+            if (fd != nil) {
+                if (__isSmallInteger(fd) && (__intVal(fd) >= 0)) {
+                    goto fail;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    if (exceptFdArray != nil) {
+        if (! __isArray(exceptFdArray)) {
+            goto fail;
+        }
+        count = __arraySize(exceptFdArray);
+        for (i=0; i<count;i++) {
+            fd = __ArrayInstPtr(exceptFdArray)->a_element[i];
+            if (fd != nil) {
+                if (__isSmallInteger(fd) && (__intVal(fd) >= 0)) {
+                    goto fail;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    t = __intVal(millis);
+    if (t != 0) {
+# if !defined(WIN32) || defined(WIN32s)
+        /*
+         * delay only 
+         */
+        Sleep(t);
+    }
+    RETURN (nil);
+# else /* NT or WIN95 */
+        HANDLE dummyHandle = (HANDLE)0;
+
+        /*
+         * notice: MsgWait blocks if there is already a message in the q.
+         * (brain damage behavior) therefore, check queueStatus before
+         */
+    fd_set rset, wset, eset;
+    struct timeval wt, et;
+    int f, maxF, i, lX, bX;
+    INT t;
+    OBJ fd, retFd;
+    int ret;
+    int count;
+    int numFds = 0;
+
+    if (__isSmallInteger(millis))
+    {
+        FD_ZERO(&rset);
+        FD_ZERO(&wset);
+        FD_ZERO(&eset);
+
+        maxF = -1;
+        if (readFdArray != nil) {
+            if (! __isArray(readFdArray)) {
+                goto fail;
+            }
+            count = __arraySize(readFdArray);
+
+            for (i=0; i<count;i++) {
+                fd = __ArrayInstPtr(readFdArray)->a_element[i];
+                if (fd != nil) {
+                    f = __intVal(fd);
+                    if ((unsigned)f < FD_SETSIZE) {
+                        FD_SET(f, &rset);
+                        if (f > maxF) maxF = f;
+                        numFds++;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (writeFdArray != nil) {
+            if (! __isArray(writeFdArray)) {
+                goto fail;
+            }
+            count = __arraySize(writeFdArray);
+            for (i=0; i<count;i++) {
+                fd = __ArrayInstPtr(writeFdArray)->a_element[i];
+                if (fd != nil) {
+                    f = __intVal(fd);
+                    if ((unsigned)f < FD_SETSIZE) {
+                        FD_SET(f, &wset);
+                        if (f > maxF) maxF = f;
+                        numFds++;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (exceptFdArray != nil) {
+            if (! __isArray(exceptFdArray)) {
+                goto fail;
+            }
+            count = __arraySize(exceptFdArray);
+            for (i=0; i<count;i++) {
+                fd = __ArrayInstPtr(exceptFdArray)->a_element[i];
+                if (fd != nil) {
+                    f = __intVal(fd);
+                    if ((unsigned)f < FD_SETSIZE) {
+                        FD_SET(f, &eset);
+                        if (f > maxF) maxF = f;
+                        numFds++;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        t = __intVal(millis);
+        if (t) {
+            wt.tv_sec = t / 1000;
+            wt.tv_usec = (t % 1000) * 1000;
+        } else {
+            wt.tv_sec = wt.tv_usec = 0;
+        }
+
+        /*
+         * make certain, that interrupt gets us out of the select
+         */
+        __BEGIN_INTERRUPTABLE__
+        errno = 0;
+
+        if (t == 0) {
+            /*
+             * if there is no timeout time, we can stay here
+             * interruptable.
+             */
+            do {
+#  ifdef WIN32
+                intf we;
+                if (numFds == 0) {
+                    HANDLE dummyHandle = (HANDLE)0;
+#   if 0
+                    if (! GetQueueStatus(QS_ALLINPUT)) {
+                        MsgWaitForMultipleObjects(0, &dummyHandle, FALSE, t, QS_ALLINPUT);
+                    }
+                    ret = 0;
+#   endif
+                    if (we = __getWaitInputEvent())
+                      we(t);
+                    ret = 0;
+                } else {
+                    ret = select(0, &rset, &wset, &eset, &wt);
+                }
+#  else
+                ret = select(maxF+1, &rset, &wset, &eset, &wt);
+#  endif /* WIN32 */
+            } while ((ret < 0) && (errno == EINTR));
+        } else {
+            do {
+#  ifdef WIN32
+                intf we;
+                if (numFds == 0) {
+                    HANDLE dummyHandle = (HANDLE)0;
+#   if 0
+                    if (! GetQueueStatus(QS_ALLINPUT)) {
+                        MsgWaitForMultipleObjects(0, &dummyHandle, FALSE, t, QS_ALLINPUT);
+                    }
+                    ret = 0;
+#   endif
+                    if (we = __getWaitInputEvent())
+                      we(t);
+                    ret = 0;
+                } else {
+                    ret = select(0, &rset, &wset, &eset, &wt);
+                }
+#  else
+                ret = select(maxF+1, &rset, &wset, &eset, &wt);
+#  endif /* WIN32 */
+                /*
+                 * for now: dont loop; if we did, we had to adjust the vt-timeval;
+                 * could otherwise stay in this loop forever ...
+                 * Premature return (before the time expired) must be handled by the caller.
+                 * A good solution is to update the wt-timeval and redo the select.
+                 */
+            } while (0 /* (ret < 0) && (errno == EINTR) */ );
+        }
+        __END_INTERRUPTABLE__
+
+        if (ret > 0) {
+            for (i=0; i <= maxF; i++) {
+                if (FD_ISSET(i, &rset)
+                 || FD_ISSET(i, &wset)
+                 || FD_ISSET(i, &eset)) {
+                    RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(i) );
+                }
+            }
+        } else {
+            if (ret < 0) {
+                if (errno == EINTR) {
+                    errno = 0;
+                    @global(LastErrorNumber) = nil;
+                } else {
+                    if (@global(InfoPrinting) == true) {
+                        fprintf(stderr, "OS [info]: select errno = %d\n", errno);
+                    }
+                    @global(LastErrorNumber) = __MKSMALLINT(errno);
+                }
+            } else {
+                @global(LastErrorNumber) = nil;
+            }
+        }
+
+        /*
+         * return nil (means time expired or interrupted)
+         */
+        RETURN ( nil );
+    }
+
+# endif /* NT or WIN95 */
+
+#else /* not WIN32S */
+
+    fd_set rset, wset, eset;
+    struct timeval wt, et;
+    int f, maxF, i, lX, bX;
+    INT t;
+    OBJ fd, retFd;
+    int ret;
+    int count;
+    int numFds = 0;
+
+    if (__isSmallInteger(millis)) {
+        FD_ZERO(&rset);
+        FD_ZERO(&wset);
+        FD_ZERO(&eset);
+
+        maxF = -1;
+        if (__isNonNilObject(readFdArray)) {
+            if (! __isArray(readFdArray)) {
+                goto fail;    
+            }
+            count = __arraySize(readFdArray);
+
+            for (i=0; i<count;i++) {
+                fd = __ArrayInstPtr(readFdArray)->a_element[i];
+                if (fd != nil) {
+                    f = __intVal(fd);
+                    if ((unsigned)f < FD_SETSIZE) {
+                        FD_SET(f, &rset);
+                        if (f > maxF) maxF = f;
+                        numFds++;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (__isNonNilObject(writeFdArray)) {
+            if (! __isArray(writeFdArray)) {
+                goto fail;    
+            }
+            count = __arraySize(writeFdArray);
+            for (i=0; i<count;i++) {
+                fd = __ArrayInstPtr(writeFdArray)->a_element[i];
+                if (fd != nil) {
+                    f = __intVal(fd);
+                    if ((unsigned)f < FD_SETSIZE) {
+                        FD_SET(f, &wset);       
+                        if (f > maxF) maxF = f;
+                        numFds++;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (__isNonNilObject(exceptFdArray)) {
+            if (! __isArray(exceptFdArray)) {
+                goto fail;    
+            }
+            count = __arraySize(exceptFdArray);
+            for (i=0; i<count;i++) {
+                fd = __ArrayInstPtr(exceptFdArray)->a_element[i];
+                if (fd != nil) {
+                    f = __intVal(fd);
+                    if ((unsigned)f < FD_SETSIZE) {
+                        FD_SET(f, &eset);       
+                        if (f > maxF) maxF = f;
+                        numFds++;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        t = __intVal(millis);
+        if (t) {
+            wt.tv_sec = t / 1000;
+            wt.tv_usec = (t % 1000) * 1000;
+        } else {
+            wt.tv_sec = wt.tv_usec = 0;
+        }
+
+        /*
+         * make certain, that interrupt gets us out of the select
+         * However, we must then care for moved objects.
+         */
+        __BEGIN_INTERRUPTABLE__
+        errno = 0;
+
+        if (t == 0) {
+            /* 
+             * if there is no timeout time, we can stay here interruptable.
+             */
+            do {
+# ifdef WIN32
+                intf we;
+
+                if (numFds == 0) {
+                    HANDLE dummyHandle = (HANDLE)0;
+
+#  if 0 /* does not work under WIN95 - sigh */
+                    if (! GetQueueStatus(QS_ALLINPUT)) {
+                        MsgWaitForMultipleObjects(0, &dummyHandle, FALSE, t, QS_ALLINPUT);
+                    }
+#  else
+                    if (we = __getWaitInputEvent()) {
+                        we(t);
+                    }
+#  endif
+                    ret = 0;
+                } else {
+                    ret = select(0, &rset, &wset, &eset, &wt);
+                }
+# else /* a real OS */
+                ret = select(maxF+1, &rset, &wset, &eset, &wt);
+# endif /* to WIN or not to WIN */
+            } while ((ret < 0) && (errno == EINTR));
+        } else {
+            do {
+# ifdef WIN32
+                intf we;
+
+                if (numFds == 0) {
+                    HANDLE dummyHandle = (HANDLE)0;
+#  if 0 /* does not work under WIN95 - sigh */
+                    if (! GetQueueStatus(QS_ALLINPUT)) {
+                        MsgWaitForMultipleObjects(0, &dummyHandle, FALSE, t, QS_ALLINPUT);
+                    }
+#  else
+                    if (we = __getWaitInputEvent()) {
+                        we(t);
+                    }
+#  endif
+                    ret = 0;
+                } else {
+                    ret = select(0, &rset, &wset, &eset, &wt);
+                }
+# else /* a real OS */
+                ret = select(maxF+1, &rset, &wset, &eset, &wt);
+# endif * to WIN or not to WIN */
+                /* 
+                 * for now: dont loop; if we did, we had to adjust the vt-timeval;
+                 * could otherwise stay in this loop forever ...
+                 * Premature return (before the time expired) must be handled by the caller.
+                 * A good solution is to update the wt-timeval and redo the select.
+                 */
+            } while (0 /* (ret < 0) && (errno == EINTR) */ );
+        }
+        __END_INTERRUPTABLE__
+
+        if (ret > 0) {
+            for (i=0; i <= maxF; i++) {
+                if (FD_ISSET(i, &rset)
+                 || FD_ISSET(i, &wset)
+                 || FD_ISSET(i, &eset)) {
+                    RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(i) );
+                }
+            }
+        } else {
+            if (ret < 0) {
+                if (errno == EINTR) {
+                    errno = 0;
+                    @global(LastErrorNumber) = nil;
+                } else {
+                    if (@global(InfoPrinting) == true) {
+                        fprintf(stderr, "OS [info]: select errno = %d\n", errno);
+                    }
+                    @global(LastErrorNumber) = __MKSMALLINT(errno);
+                }
+            } else {
+                @global(LastErrorNumber) = nil;
+            }
+        }
+
+        /*
+         * return nil (means time expired or interrupted)
+         */
+        RETURN ( nil );
+    }
+#endif /* not MSDOS_LIKE */
+
+fail: ;
+%}.
+    "
+     timeout argument not integer,
+     or any fd-array nonNil and not an array
+     or not supported by OS
+    "
+    ^ self primitiveFailed
+!
+
+setBlocking:aBoolean on:fd
+    "{ Pragma: +optSpace }"
+
+    "set/clear the blocking attribute - if set (which is the default)
+     a read on the fileDescriptor will block until data is available.
+     If cleared, a read operation will immediately return with a value of
+     nil."
+
+%{  /* NOCONTEXT */
+
+    int ret, flags;
+
+#if defined(F_GETFL) && defined(F_SETFL)
+# if defined(FNDELAY)
+    if (__isSmallInteger(fd)) {
+	int f = __intVal(fd);
+
+	flags = fcntl(f, F_GETFL, 0);
+	if (aBoolean == true) {
+	    ret = fcntl(f, F_SETFL, flags & ~FNDELAY);
+	} else {
+	    ret = fcntl(f, F_SETFL, flags | FNDELAY);
+	}
+	if (ret >= 0) ret = flags;
+	RETURN ( __MKSMALLINT(ret) );
+    }
+# endif
+#endif
+%}.
+    "
+     fd argument not integer
+    "
+    ^ self primitiveFailed
+! !
+
+!OpenVMSOperatingSystem::FileStatusInfo class methodsFor:'instance creation'!
+
+type:t mode:m uid:u gid:g size:s id:i accessed:aT modified:mT statusChanged:sT path:lP alternativeName:name2
+    ^ self basicNew
+	type:t mode:m uid:u gid:g size:s id:i accessed:aT modified:mT statusChanged:sT path:lP alternativeName:name2
+! !
+
+!OpenVMSOperatingSystem::FileStatusInfo methodsFor:'accessing'!
+
+accessed
+    "return accessed"
+
+    ^ accessed!
+
+alternativeName
+    "return the files other name (DOS name on windows).
+     Nil if there is no other name"
+
+    ^ alternativeName
+!
+
+fixedHeaderSize
+    "return the fixedHeaderSize (VMS only; nil everywhere else)"
+
+    ^ fixedHeaderSize
+!
+
+gid
+    "return gid"
+
+    ^ gid!
+
+id
+    "return id"
+
+    ^ id!
+
+mode
+    "return mode"
+
+    ^ mode!
+
+modified
+    "return modified"
+
+    ^ modified!
+
+path
+    "for symbolic links only: return the path where the symbolic link points to"
+
+    ^ path
+
+!
+
+recordAttributes
+    "return the recordAttributes (VMS only; nil everywhere else)"
+
+    ^ recordAttributes
+!
+
+recordFormat
+    "return the recordFormat (VMS only; nil everywhere else)"
+
+    ^ recordFormat
+!
+
+recordFormatNumeric
+    "return the recordFormat as numeric (VMS only; nil everywhere else)"
+
+    ^ recordFormatNumeric
+!
+
+recordSize
+    "return the recordSize (VMS only; nil everywhere else)"
+
+    ^ recordSize
+!
+
+size
+    "return size"
+
+    ^ size!
+
+statusChanged
+    "return statusChanged"
+
+    ^ statusChanged!
+
+type
+    "return type"
+
+    ^ type!
+
+uid
+    "return uid"
+
+    ^ uid
+! !
+
+!OpenVMSOperatingSystem::FileStatusInfo methodsFor:'backward compatibility'!
+
+at:key
+    "backward compatibility access: in previous releases, IdentityDictionaries
+     were used to hold my information. Allow access via key messages.
+     This method will vanish - use the proper access protocol."
+
+    ^ self perform:key
+! !
+
+!OpenVMSOperatingSystem::FileStatusInfo methodsFor:'private accessing'!
+
+recordFormat:rf recordFormatNumeric:nrf recordAttributes:ra fixedHeaderSize:hs recordSize:rs
+    recordFormat := rf.
+    recordFormatNumeric := nrf.
+    recordAttributes := ra.
+    fixedHeaderSize := hs.
+    recordSize := rs
+!
+
+type:t mode:m uid:u gid:g size:s id:i accessed:aT modified:mT statusChanged:sT path:lP alternativeName:name2
+    type := t.
+    mode := m.
+    uid := u.
+    gid := g.
+    size := s.
+    id := i.
+    accessed := aT.
+    modified := mT.
+    statusChanged := sT.
+    path := lP.
+    alternativeName := name2.
+! !
+
+!OpenVMSOperatingSystem::OSProcessStatus class methodsFor:'documentation'!
+
+documentation
+"
+    This is an auxillary class, that holds information about status changes of
+    operating system processes (these are no smalltalk processes!!).
+
+    [Instance variables:]
+
+	pid     <Integer>       OS-Process identifier
+
+	status  <Symbol>        either #exit #signal #stop #continue
+
+	code    <Integer>       either exitcode or signalnumber
+
+	core    <Boolean>       true if core has been dumped
+
+
+    [author:]
+	Stefan Vogel
+
+    [see also:]
+	OperatingSystem
+"
+! !
+
+!OpenVMSOperatingSystem::OSProcessStatus class methodsFor:'instance creation'!
+
+pid:pid status:status code:code core:core
+    "private interface for OpenVMSOperatingSystem"
+
+    ^ self new pid:pid status:status code:code core:core
+
+    "Created: 28.12.1995 / 14:16:14 / stefan"
+    "Modified: 30.4.1996 / 18:25:00 / cg"
+!
+
+processCreationFailure
+    "private interface for OpenVMSOperatingSystem"
+
+    ^ self new pid:-1 status:#failure code:-1 core:false
+
+    "Created: 28.12.1995 / 14:35:29 / stefan"
+    "Modified: 30.4.1996 / 18:25:05 / cg"
+! !
+
+!OpenVMSOperatingSystem::OSProcessStatus methodsFor:'accessing'!
+
+code
+    "return the exitcode / signalNumber"
+
+    ^ code
+
+    "Created: 28.12.1995 / 14:05:07 / stefan"
+    "Modified: 30.4.1996 / 18:26:23 / cg"
+!
+
+core
+    "return true if core has been dumped, false otherwise"
+
+    ^ core == true
+
+    "Modified: 28.12.1995 / 14:14:38 / stefan"
+!
+
+pid
+    "return the pid"
+
+    ^ pid
+
+    "Created: 28.12.1995 / 14:05:07 / stefan"
+    "Modified: 30.4.1996 / 18:26:30 / cg"
+!
+
+status
+    "return status as a Symbol;
+     one of #exit #signal #stop #continue"
+
+    ^ status
+
+    "Created: 28.12.1995 / 14:05:07 / stefan"
+    "Modified: 30.4.1996 / 18:26:54 / cg"
+! !
+
+!OpenVMSOperatingSystem::OSProcessStatus methodsFor:'initialization'!
+
+pid:newPid status:newStatus code:newCode core:newCore
+    pid := newPid.
+    status := newStatus.
+    code := newCode.
+    core := newCore.
+
+    "Created: 28.12.1995 / 14:18:22 / stefan"
+! !
+
+!OpenVMSOperatingSystem::OSProcessStatus methodsFor:'private-OS interface'!
+
+code:something
+    "set the exitCode"
+
+    code := something.
+
+    "Created: 28.12.1995 / 14:05:07 / stefan"
+    "Modified: 30.4.1996 / 18:25:18 / cg"
+!
+
+core:something
+    "set core"
+
+    core := something.
+
+    "Created: 28.12.1995 / 14:05:07 / stefan"
+!
+
+pid:something
+    "set pid"
+
+    pid := something.
+
+    "Created: 28.12.1995 / 14:05:07 / stefan"
+!
+
+status:something
+    "set status"
+
+    status := something.
+
+    "Created: 28.12.1995 / 14:05:07 / stefan"
+! !
+
+!OpenVMSOperatingSystem::OSProcessStatus methodsFor:'queries'!
+
+couldNotExecute
+    "return true when a command could not be executed"
+
+    ^ status == #exit and:[code = 127].
+
+    "Created: 28.12.1995 / 15:43:17 / stefan"
+    "Modified: 30.4.1996 / 18:27:03 / cg"
+!
+
+stillAlive
+    "true if process is still alive"
+
+    ^ status == #stop or:[status == #continue]
+
+    "Created: 28.12.1995 / 14:27:26 / stefan"
+!
+
+success
+    "true if process terminated successfully"
+
+    ^ status == #exit and:[code = 0]
+
+    "Created: 28.12.1995 / 14:13:05 / stefan"
+    "Modified: 28.12.1995 / 14:13:41 / stefan"
+! !
+
+!OpenVMSOperatingSystem class methodsFor:'documentation'!
+
+version
+    ^ '$Header: /cvs/stx/stx/libbasic/OpenVMSOperatingSystem.st,v 1.1 1998-06-04 11:00:55 cg Exp $'
+! !
+OpenVMSOperatingSystem initialize!